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Pedosphere 2005年第5期15卷 545-553页

作者： M. E. alves A. LAVORENTI Departamento de Física e Informática Institute de Física de So Carlos-IFSC/USP So Carlos (SP) 13560-970(Brazil). Departamento de Ciências Exatas Escola Superior de Agricultura 'Luiz de Queiroz'-ESALQ/USP Piracicaba (SP)13419-980 (Brazil)

The point of zero salt effect (PZSE) is the soil pH value at which the magnitude of the variable surface charges is notchanged due to variations in the ionic concentration of the soil solution. This property influences not only electrochemicalphenomena occurring at the solid-solution interface but also the flocculation degree of the soil particles. In this studywe investigated the relationships between the clay mineralogy and the PZSE values of representative soils of the S?oPaulo State, Brazil. The results confirmed the usefulness of the difference between the soil pH values measured in 1 molL-1 KCl (pHKCl) and in water for estimating the PZSE of tropical soils, except for theones rich in exchangeable Al; furthermore, the ΔpH index was highly correlated with the differencebetween the PZSE and values, reiterating the ΔpH utility for estimating both the signal and the magnitude of thenet surface charge of tropical soils. Finally, correlation and multiple regression analyses showed that the PZSE value ofweathered non-allophanic tropical soils tends to increase and to equal the soil pH due to the weathering-induced kaolinitedestabilization and concomitant Fe- and Al-oxide accumulation.

关键词： PZSE 土壤 pH值巴西电化学

Biochar influences the cane fields’microbiota and the development of pre-sprouted sugarcane seedlings

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2023年第1期5卷 75-88页

作者： Bruna Cristina Pinto Adriana Barboza alves Osania Emerenciano Ferreira Gustavo Henrique Gravatim Costa Magno Andréde Oliveira Augusto Cesar da Silva Bezerra Alan Rodrigues Teixeira Machado Postgraduate Program in Environmental Sciences State University of Minas GeraisFrutal UnityFrutalMinas Gerais38202-436Brazil Department of Agricultural and Biological Sciences State University of Minas GeraisFrutal UnityFrutalMinas Gerais38208-436Brazil Postgraduate Program in Geotechnical Engineering Federal University of Ouro PretoOuro PretoMinas Gerais35400-000Brazil Department of Transport Engineering Federal Center for Technological Education of Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMinas Gerais30421-169Brazil Department of Exact Sciences State University of Minas GeraisJoão Monlevade UnityJoão MonlevadeMinas Gerais35930-314Brazil

This research investigates the soil conditioning effect of sugar cane fields with biochar produced from sugarcane *** influence on the physicochemical and microbiological conditions of the soil and the agronomic performance of sugarcane seedlings was *** this end,the biochar from sugarcane bagasse was produced by pyrolysis in a double drum oven and mixed with soil at rates of 0,1%,3%,and 5%(in weight).The experiment was installed in a greenhouse with two evaluation periods(30 days and 60 days)and five *** pot received a pre-sprouted cane seedling,and the analysis of colony-forming units(bacteria and fungi),physicochemical characteristics of the soil,and growth and development of sugarcane were performed per *** biochar showed a high fixed carbon content(72%)and a specific surface area estimated by the adsorption of methylene blue of 50 m2 g−***,its structure is porous and contains important nutrients(e.g.,CaO,K2O,and P2O5).In the periods evaluated,the applications of the 3%and 5%(in weight)rates of biochar reduced most of the soil fertility ***,the chemical analyses indicated that the sugarcane field soil collected already possessed high *** microbiota was influenced,but only the application of the 3%(in weight)rate at 60 days after planting showed a significant positive effect on the number of bacteria forming units,with an increase of approximately 385%.On the other hand,no significant positive effect on sugarcane development was ***,biochar application in high-fertility sugarcane plantation soil did not result in gains for sugarcane development in the periods evaluated.

关键词： Soil Biometry Microbiology Double drum oven Biochar

Interference of iron as a coagulant on MIB removal by powdered activated carbon adsorption for low turbidity waters

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第8期25卷 1575-1582页

作者： Ferreira Filho SIDNEY SECKLER Marchetto MARGARIDA alves Laganaro ROSEMEIRE Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering Polytechnic School University of Sao Paulo Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering University of Mato Grosso Companhia de Saneamento Basico do Estado de So Paulo(SABESP)

Powered activated carbon （PAC） is widely used in water treatment plants to minimize odors in drinking water. This study investigated the removal of 2-methylisoborneol （MIB） by PAC adsorption, combined with coagulation using iron as a coagulant. The adsorption and coagulation process were studied through different case scenarios of jar tests. The analysis evaluated the effect of PAC dosing in the liquid phase immediately before or after the coagulant addition. Ferric sulphate was used as the coagulant with dosages from 10 to 30 mg/L, and PAC dosages varied from 10 to 40 mg/L. The highest MIB removal efficiency （about 70%） was achieved without the coagulant addition and with the highest PAC dosage （40 mg/L）. Lower MIB removal efficiencies were observed in the presence of coagulant, showing a clear interference of the iron precipitate or coagulant in the adsorption process. The degree of interference of the coagulation process in the MIB removal was proportional to the ratio of ferric hydroxide mass to the PAC mass. For both cases of PAC dosing, upstream and downstream of the coagulant injection point, the MIB removal efficiency was similar. However, MIB removal efficiency was 15% lower when compared with experiments without the coagulant application. This interference in the MIB adsorption occurs potentially because the coagulant coats the surface of the carbon and interferes with the MIB coming in contact with the carbon＇s surface and pores. This constraint requires an increase of the PAC dosage to provide the same efficiency observed without coagulation.

关键词： adsorption 2-methylisoborneol (MIB) coagulation activated carbon

Intimate partner violence against women. Does violence decrease after the entry of the alleged offender into the criminal justice system?

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Forensic Sciences Research 2022年第1期7卷 53-60页

作者： Paulo Vieira-Pinto JoséIgnacio Muñoz-Barús Tiago Taveira-Gomes Maria João Vidal-alves Teresa Magalhães Department of Forensic Sciences PathologyGynaecology and ObstetricsPaediatricsInstitute of Forensic SciencesUniversity of Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain IINFAC TS-Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences Department of SciencesCESPUUniversity Institute of Health Sciences(IUCS)GandraPortugal cFaculty of Medicine University of PortoPortoPortugal CINTESIS-Centre of Health Technology and Service Research University of PortoPortoPortugal Fernando Pessoa University PortoPortugal

Intimate partner violence(IPV)is simultaneously assumed as a serious crime and a major public health issue,having recurrences as one of its main characteristics and,consequently,re-entries of some alleged offenders in the criminal justice system(CJS).The main goal of this study is to assess if in cases of female victims of IPV,violence decreases after the first entry of the alleged offender in the CJS.A retrospective study was performed based on the analysis of police reports of alleged cases of IPV during a 4-year *** final sample(n=1488)was divided into two groups according to the number of entries in the CJS(single or multiple)followed by a comparative *** suggest that violence decreases after the first entry of alleged offenders in the ***-entries were found in only 15.5%of the cases but they were accountable for 3.3 times more crimes on ***,victims of recidivism presented more injuries and required more medical ***,a small group of alleged offenders seems to be more violent and accountable for most of the IPV crimes registered in the CJS suggesting that regardless of legal sanctions aiming to deter violence,these measures may not be enough for a certain group of *** study sustains the need for a predictive model to quantify the risk of repeated IPV cases within the Portuguese population.

关键词： Forensic sciences intimate partner violence women re-entry recidivism criminal justice system

Shielding AZ91D-1%Ca from corrosion through ultrasound melt treatment:A study for stent design

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第8期11卷 2901-2915页

作者： I.V.Gomes M.Pacheco M.Nienaber S.C.Neves D.Mei A.Barros R.L.Reis J.L.alves H.Puga CMEMS–UMinho University of MinhoGuimarãesPortugal LABBELS–Associate Laboratory BragaGuimarãesPortugal B's Research Group-Research Institute on Biomaterials Biodegradables and BiomimeticsUniversity of MinhoHeadquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineAvepark-Parque de Ciência e TecnologiaBarco GuimarãesPortugal ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory BragaGuimarãesPortugal Institute of Material and Process Design Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGeesthacht 21502Germany School of Materials Science and Engineering&Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Magnesium Alloy Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

Magnesium-based materials show great potential for producing biodegradable stents,but their high corrosion rates are a *** study investigates whether ultrasound melt treatment can change the corrosion response of an extruded AZ91D-1.0%Ca(wt.%)in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution by tailoring the intermetallics'morphology in the as-extruded *** results showed that the wires from ultrasound-treated ingots corroded faster than non-treated ones in immersion for up to 6 *** trend shifted for longer periods,and ultrasound-treated material showed lower corrosion rates and uniform corrosion,while the non-treated material displayed localized corrosion *** testing of the wires demonstrated that immersion in EBSS lowered the tensile strength and elongation at fracture due to material degradation,regardless of the processing ***,this decline was sharper in the non-treated *** findings suggest that ultrasound melt processing can be a promising method for improving the corrosion resistance of magnesium-based materials,paving the way for their use in manufacturing biodegradable stents.

关键词： Magnesium Ultrasound treatment Stent Corrosion Mechanical properties

Is there a window of opportunity for the therapeutic use of vitamin D in multiple sclerosis?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第9期17卷 1945-1954页

作者： Sofia Fernanda Gonçalves Zorzella-Pezavento Luiza Ayumi Nishiyama Mimura Marina Bonifácio Denadai William Danilo Fernandes de Souza Thais Fernanda de Campos Fraga-Silva Alexandrina Sartori Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences Institute of BiosciencesSão Paulo State University(UNESP)BotucatuSão PauloBrazil

Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune treatable but not curable *** are a multiplicity of medications for multiple sclerosis therapy,including a class entitled disease-modifying drugs that are mainly indicated to reduce the number and severity of disease *** all patients respond well to these therapies,and minor to severe adverse effects have been *** D,called sunshine vitamin,is being studied as a possible light at the end of the *** this review,we recapitulated the similar immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis,the immunomodulatory and neuroprotective potential of vitamin D and the state-of-art concerning its supplementation to multiple sclerosis ***,based on our and other groups’experimental findings,we analyzed the need to consider the relevance of the route and the different time-point administration aspects for a more rational indication of this vitamin to multiple sclerosis patients.

关键词： central nervous system cytokines experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis immunomodulation immunopathogenesis inflammation multiple sclerosis neuroprotection regulatory T cells vitamin D

Using risk-benefit analysis to control Salmonella in chicken meat

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Food Quality and Safety 2021年第4期5卷 375-387页

作者： Eduardo Cesar Tondo Claudia Titze Hessel Gonçalves Department of Food Science Institute of Food Science and Technology of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul-ICTA/UFRGSPorto AlegreRSBrazil

We have created a risk-benefit analysis(RBA)model to assist in food safety decision-making by analyzing Salmonella control in Brazilian chicken ***,we described the issues in a risk profile and used a 5x5 matrix to rank the risks associated with *** then classified the magnitude of benefits and costs of control measures using another ***,we verified the beneficial effects of recommended control measures using Quantitative Microbiological Risk Assessment(QMRA).The RBA classified Salmonella contamination as risk 6,indicating that control measures should be taken in the short and medium *** also recommended the adoption of biosecurity measures on farms to reduce the prevalence of Salmonella in birds,better control of carcass washings and chiller tank management,and information placement on packages and campaigns to raise the awareness of the population about the need to control Salmonella contamination before *** the other hand,it did not recommend better controls at scalding and *** confirmed the beneficial effects of the recommended control *** example,as Salmonella prevalence in poultry increased from 4.04 per cent to 50 per cent,the risk of infection per serving also increased from 0.0080 to *** better controls in washings and chiller tank management did not affect the risk of infection,it reduced Salmonella counts on *** assume that the presence of Salmonella on carcasses was due to improper thermal processing or cross-contamination,which increased the risk from 0.0080 to *** RBA demonstrated the logic involved in the adoption of control measures,and this can be helpful in the risk management of food safety issues.

关键词： Risk management risk perception food safety

Nielsen Theory on 3-manifolds Covered by S^2× R

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2015年第4期31卷 615-636页

作者： Daciberg GONalves Peter WONG Xue Zhi ZHAO Dept. de Matemtica-IME-USP Caixa Postal 66.281-CEP 05314-970So Paulo-SP Brasil Department of Mathematics Bates College Department of Mathematics & Institute of Mathematics and Interdisciplinary Science Capital Normal University

Let f ： M→ M be a self-map of a closed manifold M of dimension dim M ≥ 3. The Nielsen number N（f） of f is equal to the minimal number of fixed points of f＇ among all self-maps f＇ in the homotopy class of f. In this paper, we determine N（f） for all self-maps f when M is a closed 3-manifold with S^2× R geometry. The calculation of N（f） relies on the induced homomorphisms of f on the fundamental group and on the second homotopy group of M.

关键词： Lefschetz number Nielsen number 3-manifolds

Droplet digital microfluidic system for screening filamentous fungi based on enzymatic activity

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2022年第6期8卷 97-112页

作者： Kenza Samlali Chiara Leal alves Mara Jezernik Steve C.C.Shih Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Concordia UniversityMontréalQCCanada Centre for Applied Synthetic Biology Concordia UniversityMontréalQCCanada Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Department of Biology Concordia UniversityMontréalQCCanada

Fungal cell-wall-degrading enzymes have great utility in the agricultural and food *** cell-wall-degrading enzymes are known to have functions that can help defend against pathogenic *** existing methods used to discover these enzymes are not well adapted to fungi culture and morphology,which prevents the proper evaluation of these *** report the first droplet-based microfluidic method capable of long-term incubation and low-voltage conditions to sort filamentous fungi inside nanoliter-sized *** new method was characterized and validated in solid-phase media based on colloidal chitin such that the incubation of single spores in droplets was possible over multiple days(2–4 days)and could be sorted without droplet *** long-term culture,we examined the activity of cell-wall-degrading enzymes produced by fungi during solid-state droplet fermentation using three highly sensitive fluorescein-based *** also used the low-voltage droplet sorter to select clones with highly active cell-wall-degrading enzymes,such as chitinases,β-glucanases,and β-Nacetylgalactosaminidases,from a filamentous fungi droplet library that had been incubated for>4 *** new system is portable,affordable for any laboratory,and user-friendly compared to classical droplet-based microfluidic *** propose that this system will be useful for the growing number of scientists interested in fungal microbiology who are seeking high-throughput methods to incubate and sort a large library of fungal cells.

关键词： system fluid culture

Studying Formability Limits By Combining Conventional and Incremental Sheet Forming Process

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2021年第4期34卷 78-89页

作者： Fabio Andre Lora Daniel Fritzen Ricardo alves de Sousa Lirio Schaffer Department of Materials Engineering Federal University of Recôncavo da BahiaCampus CETENSFeira de SantanaBahia 44085-132Brazil SATC Uni-versity CriciumaBrazil Center of Mechanical Technology and Automation Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto AlegreBrazil

In this work it is assessed the potential of combining conventional and incremental sheet forming processes in a same sheet of *** so-called hybrid forming approach is performed through the manufacture of a pre-forming by conventional forming,followed by incremental sheet *** main objective is analyzing strain *** pre-forming induced in the conventional forming stage will determine the strain paths,directly influencing the strains produced by the incremental *** conduct the study,in the conventional processes,strains were imposed in three different ways with distinct true *** the incremental stage,the pyramid strategy was adopted with different wall *** the experiments,the true strains and the final geometries were *** simulation was also employed for the sake of comparison and correlation with the measured *** could be observed that single-stretch pre-strain was directly proportional to the maximum incremental strains achieved,whereas samples subjected to biaxial pre-strain influenced the formability according to the degree of pre-strain ***-strain driven by the prior deep-drawing operation did not result,in this particular geometry,in increased formability.

关键词： Hybrid forming process Incremental sheet forming Strain paths Numerical simulation