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Evaluation and hedonic value in mate choice

Current Zoolog. 2018年第4期64卷 485-492页

作者： gil g. rosenthal Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA Centro de Investig.ciones Cientificas de la Huastecas "Ag.azarca" Università degli Studi di Torino Italy

Mating.preferences can show extreme variation within and among.individuals even when sensory inputs are conserved. This variation is a result of chang.s associated with evaluative mechanisms that assig. positive, neutral, or neg.tive hedonic value to stimuli-that is, label them as attractive, uninteresting. or unattractive. There is widespread behavioral evidence for differences in g.nes, environmental cues, or social experience leading.to marked chang.s in the hedonic value of stimuli. Evaluation is accomplished throug. an array of mechanisms that are readily modifiable throug. g.netic chang.s or environmental inputs, and that may often result in the rapid acquisition or loss of behavioral preferences. Reversals in preference arising.from "flips" in hedonic value may be quite common. Incorporating.such discontinuous chang.s into models of preference evolution may illuminate our understanding.of processes like trait diversification, sexual conflict, and sympatric speciation.

关键词：价值评估配偶选择基因变化偏爱多样化不连续输入

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What artifice can and cannot tell us aboutanimal behavior

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Current Zoolog. 2017年第1期63卷 21-26页

作者： Daniel L. POWELL gil g. rosenthal Department of Biolog. Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA Centro de Investig.cionesCientfficas de las Huastecas Ag.azarca 43230 Calnali Hidalgo Mexico

Artifice--the manipulation of social and environmental stimuli--is fundamental to research in ani-mal behavior. State-of-the-art techniques have been developed to g.nerate and present complexvisual stimuli. These techniques have unique streng.hs and limitations. However, many of theissues with synthetic animation and virtual reality are common to playback experiments in g.neral,including.those using.unmanipulated video or auditory stimuli. Playback experiments, in turn, fallinto the broader categ.ry of experiments that artificially manipulate the array of stimuli experi-enced by a subject. We arg.e that the challeng.s of desig.ing.and interpreting.experiments using.irtual reality or synthetic animations are larg.ly comparable to those of studies using.oldertechnolog.es or addressing.other modalities, and that technolog. alone is unlikely to solve thesechalleng.s. We sug.est that appropriate experimental desig.s are the key to validating.behavioralresponses to artificial stimuli and to interpreting.all studies using.artifice, including.those that pre-sent complex visual displays.

关键词： animation, animal communication, artifice, experimental desig., mate choice, playback.

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Technical and conceptual considerations forusing.animated stimuli in studies of animalbehavior

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Current Zoolog. 2017年第1期63卷 5-19页

作者： Laura CHOUINARD-THULY Stefanie g.ERSZEWSKI gil g. rosenthal Simon M. READER g.illaume RIEUCAU Kevin L. Woo Robert g.RLAI Cynthia TEDORE Spencer J. INg.EY John R. STOWERS Joachim g.FROMMENI Francine L. DOLINS Klaudia WITTE Department of Biolog. McGill University 1205 Docteur Penfield Montreal Quebec Canada H3A 1B1 Research g.oup of Ecolog. and Behavioral Biolog. Institute of Biology University of Siegen Adolf-Reichwein Str. 2 Siegen 57068 Germany Ecolog. & Evolutionary Biolog. Texas A&M University 3258 TAMU College Station TX 77843 USA Centro de Investig.ciones Cientfficas de las Huastecas "Ag.azarca" Calnali Hidalgo Mexico Departmentof Biolog.cal Sciences Florida International University 3000 Northeast 151 Street North Miami FL 33181 USA SUNY Empire State Colleg. Metropolitan Center 325 Hudson Street New York NY 10013-1005 USA Departmentof Psycholog. University of Toronto Mississauga 3359 Mississauga Road Mississauga Ontario Canada L5L 1C6 Lund Vision g.oup Department of Biology Lund University SSIvegatan 35 Lund 22362 Sweden Department of Biolog. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill CB#3280 Coker Hall Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA Research Institute of Molecular Patholog. IMP Vienna Biocenter VBC Dr. Bohr-Gasse 7 Vienna 1030 Austria loopbiog.bh Hauptstrasse 93 Kritzendorf 3420 Austria Department of Behavioural Ecolog. Institute of Ecology and Evolution University of Bern Wohlenstrasse 50a Hinterkappelen 3032 Switzerland Department of Behavioral Sciences University of Michigan-Dearborn 4901 Evergreen Road Dearborn MI 48128 USA

Rapid technical advances in the field of computeropened new avenues in animal behavior *** （CA） and virtual reality （VR） haveAnimated stimuli are powerful tools as theyoffer standardization, repeatability, and complete control over the stimulus presented, thereby＂reducing. and ＂replacing. the animals used, and ＂refining. the experimental desig. in line withthe 3Rs. However, appropriate use of these technolog.es raises conceptual and technical *** this review, we offer g.idelines for common technical and conceptual considerations related tothe use of animated stimuli in animal behavior research. Following.the steps required to create ananimated stimulus, we discuss （I） the creation, （11） the presentation, and （111） the validation of CAsand VRs. Althoug. our review is g.ared toward computer-g.aphically desig.ed stimuli, consider-ations on presentation and validation also apply to video playbacks. CA and VR allow both new be-havioral questions to be addressed and existing.questions to be addressed in new ways, thus weexpect a rich future for these methods in both ultimate and proximate studies of animal behavior.

关键词： animal behavior, animated stimulus, computer animation, experimental desig., virtual reality, visual communication.

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What is it like to be a peahen？

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Current Zoolog. 2013年第2期59卷 180-183页

作者： gil rosenthal g.est Editor Department of Biolog. Texas A&M University TX 77843USA grosenthal@bio.tamu.edu Centl'O de Investig.ciones Cientificas de las Huastecas "Ag.azarca" 16 de Septiembre 392 colonia Aguazarca Calnali Hi- dalgo Mexico

The 1970s and 1980s marked the apotheosis of Darwin’s(1871)conjecture,dismissed in its day,that mate choice driven by individual aesthetic preferences – a “taste for the beautiful” – plays a central role in *** major lines of mate-choice research were larg.ly defined by *** behaviorists and neuroetholog.sts had shown that preferences were multidimensional(Burley,1981)and conting.nt on a multiplicity of factors(Bateson,1978).Evolutionary g.neticists and behavioral ecolog.sts arg.ed that positive(Zahavi A,1975),neg.tive(Parker,1979)or neutral(Lande,1981)fitness effects could drive the evolution of mating.preferences,or that preferences could emerg. from functions unrelated to mating.Endler,1992,Ryan,1990).Under any of these scenarios,mate choice could play an integ.al role in the orig.n and maintenance of g.ne flow barriers among.species and in the structure of natural populations(Lande,1981,Searcy,1982,West- Eberhard,1983).Many of these ideas were crystallized in an eponymous volume edited by Bateson(1983); prog.ess was summarized a decade later as part of Andersson’s(1994)encyclopedic Sexual Selection.

关键词：动物行为学孔雀生态学家遗传学家基因流动种群结构性别选择百科全书

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