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Genomic Instability Is a Mechanism for Diminished Male Fertility Following Chronic Dichlorvos Exposure

Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第7期11卷 37-49页

作者： Raymond A. Vhriterhire Samuel O. Odeh gideon U. Egesie Department of Anatomical Pathology College of Health Sciences Benue State University Makurdi Nigeria Department of Human Physiology Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences College of Health Sciences University of Jos Jos Nigeria

Background and Objectives: Chronic low-dose exposure to dichlorvos occurs in communities in Africa where the substance is used indiscriminately for a variety of purposes. This experiment used an animal model to evaluate genomic instability induced by this pattern of chronic exposure and its relationship with some measures of fertility in males. Methods: Seventy-five male Rattus norvegicus rats obtained for this experiment, were randomly allotted into five groups. Dichlorvos was given by oral gavage at doses of 0.28 mg/kg, 0.56 mg/kg and, 1.68 mg/kg, respectively, to three of the groups, on alternate days for 50 weeks. The remaining two groups received plain drinking water and cyclophosphamide as negative and positive controls, respectively. Samples were collected at 17, 34, and 50 weeks. Sperm count, sperm morphology and serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, dihydrotestosterone, oestrogen and progesterone were determined. Furthermore, the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes was determined in bone marrow cells obtained from the femur. Results: The mean ranks of micronuclei frequency had an increasing trend. The frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MnPCE) had a significant negative correlation with oestrogen (rs = -0.47, p = 0.00, n = 50), follicle-stimulating hormone (rs = -0.41, p = 0.00, n = 50) and progesterone (rs = -0.37, p = 0.01, n = 50) serum levels. A positive monotonic relationship also existed between micronuclei frequency and those of tubular necrosis, tubular vacuolation, and residual bodies. A positive significant moderate correlation was found between MnPCE and the proportion of immotile sperms (rs = 0.41, p = 0.00, n = 50). Conclusion: The nature of the correlations between micronuclei frequency and the proportion of immotile sperms, adverse histological changes and serum hormone levels found in this study suggest genomic instability as the p

关键词： Genomic Instability Micronuclei Male Infertility Dichlorvos Chronic Organophosphate Exposure

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Plane Stagnation Double-Diffusive MHD Convective Flow with Convective Boundary Condition in a Porous Media

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American Journal of Computational Mathematics 2012年第3期2卷 223-227页

作者： Okedayo T. gideon S. O. Abah Department of Mathematical Sciences Ondo State University of Science and Technology Okitipupa Nigeria Department of Mathematics Statistics and Computer Science Kaduna Polytechnic Kaduna Nigeria

A numerical analysis has been carried out to study the problem of plane stagnation double-diffusive MHD convective flow with convective boundary condition in a porous media. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations have been reduced to systems of nonlinear ordinary differential equations by the similarity transformations. The transformed equations are solved numerically by using the classical fourth order Runge-Kutta method together with the shooting technique implemented on a computer program. The effects of the physical parameters are examined on the velocity, temperature and concentration profiles. Numerical data for the skin-friction coefficients, Nusselt and Sherwood numbers have been tabulated for various parametric conditions and are also shown graphically and discussed.

关键词： Plane Stagnation Double-Diffusive MHD Convective Flow and Porous Media

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Microscopy Underestimates the Prevalence of Trypanosomes’ Infection in Asymptomatic Cattle and Sheep in a Lowland Area within the Kenyan Rift Valley

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2019年第9期9卷 136-145页

作者： Emmily C. Ngetich Ng’wena gideon Magak Ngeiywa Moses Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences Laikipia University Nyahururu Kenya Department of Biological Sciences School of Science University of Eldoret Eldoret Kenya Department of Medical Physiology School of Medicine Maseno University Maseno Kenya

Animal trypanosomosis continues to impede animal production in sub-Saharan Africa mostly in locations where tsetse flies are endemic. This has ended up devastating many livelihoods where majority of the people depend on livestock farming as source of food and income generation. The true picture on prevalence and identity of trypanosome species is scanty or unknown in most areas where tsetse flies are present. This study sought to investigate the prevalence of trypanosomes’ infection in cattle and sheep using microscopy and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods. The use of PCR for detection and identification of trypanosomes has increased sensitivity of diagnostic method compared to conventional microscopy. Ninety asymptomatic free range grazed animals including 72 cattle and 18 sheep randomly sampled from farmers in Kerio Valley of Elgeyo-Marakwet County, Kenya were used in the present study. Blood samples (5 ml) obtained from each of the animals were used for trypanosomes’ detection by microscopy and PCR assay methods. Microscopy results showed that only 2 cattle (2.8%) were positive for trypanosomosis infection. The microscopy results for the sheep showed zero prevalence. On the other hand, PCR results reported 26 trypanosomosis positive cattle (36.1%) and 3 (16.7%) trypanosomosis positive sheep. The PCR method was further used for trypanosomes’ species identification and the results showed that the 26 infected cattle were positive for T. congolense (12) and T. brucei (14) while the three sheep were all positive for T. brucei. The findings of the present study show that microscopy underestimates trypanosomosis detection and therefore cannot be relied upon as a tool for diagnosis. Besides, the method is weak in reporting species differentiation in a case where the morphological differences have only minor details or where the species are very close morphologically. This study recommends routine use of molecular biology-based technique for trypanosomosis detection

关键词： Kerio Valley Microscopy Polymerase Chain Reaction Trypanosomosis

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Tranexamic acid in otorhinolaryngology - A contemporary review

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世界耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志英文版 2021年第4期07卷 328-337页

作者： Fuzi Jordan Budiono gideon R. Meller Catherine Jacobson Ian Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Prince of wales Hospital New South wales Australia Faculty of Medicine University of New South wales

Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an anti-fibrinolytic agent which has been proven beneficial in multiple surgical specialties where significant bleeding can occur. whilst it has been widely available for over 40 years its use within Otorhinolaryngology is still limited. Operations in Otorhinolaryngology are particularly varied with some such as tonsillectomy having the potential for significant life threatening bleeding. Other operations are performed within small confined surgical fields and even small amounts of bleeding can significantly detriment surgical field and increase technical difficulty and operative time. This review evaluated the current literature on the benefits of tranexamic acid within the field of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery. Overall TXA was demonstrated to be a safe drug with no major adverse effects including thromboembolic events reported in any study. It has been shown to be of particular benefit in rhinology by improving surgical field, reducing operative time and reducing postoperative swelling and ecchymosis. The benefit in tonsillectomy is less clear and further studies are required to evaluate its potential use in the reduction of post tonsillectomy haemorrhage rates.

关键词： Tranexamic acid Otorhinolaryngology Surgery Bleeding

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Factors influencing time course of pain after depot oil intramuscular injection of testosterone undecanoate

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2010年第2期12卷 227-233页

作者： gideon Sartorius Carolyn Fennell Sasa Spasevska Leo Turner Ann J. Conway David J. Handelsman Andrology Department Concord Hospital ＆ ANZA C Research Institute Sydney NSW 2139 Australia

Pain following depot intramuscular （IM） injection of oil vehicle-based drugs has been little studied. This study aimed to determine prospectively the prevalence,determinants,severity and functional consequences of pain during the week after IM injection of 1 000 mg testosterone undecanoate （TU） in a 4-mL castor oil vehicle. Androgendeficient men receiving regular T replacement therapy at an academic andrology clinic were recruited to report pain scores using a coloured visual linear analogue scale at seven times over the first day and daily for a week after a deep IM gluteal injection. The time course and covariables influencing pain scores were analysed by mixed model analysis of variance （ANOVA）. Following 168 injections in 125 men,pain was reported by 80% of men,peaking immediately after injection,reaching only moderate severity,lasting 1-2 days and returning to baseline by day *** pain required little analgesic use and produced minimal interference in daily activities. The time course of pain scores was reproducible in the 43 men who underwent two consecutive injections. Pain was more severe in men who had an earlier painful injection,but less severe in older and more obese men. There were negligible differences in post-injection pain experience between experienced nurses administering injections. Deep IM gluteal injection of depot TU in 4-mL castor oil is well tolerated and post-injection pain is influenced by earlier painful injection experience,as well as age and obesity.

关键词： ageing intramuscular injection obesity pain testosterone

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Perinephric myxoid pseudotumor of fat in a young patient with a horseshoe kidney complicated by an obstructing renal calculus

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Asian Journal of Urology 2023年第3期10卷 382-384页

作者： Ren wei Liu gideon Tan Yi Ting Lim wei Jin Chua Amanda Cheng Ying Mei wong Victor Lee Thomas Thamboo Department of Diagnostic Imaging National University HospitalSingapore Department of Pathology National University HospitalSingapore Department of Urology National University HospitalSingapore

Dear Editor,Perinephric myxoid pseudotumor of fat(PMPF)is a recently described entity with only a few cases published in the *** imaging,the appearances overlap with other better-known fat-containing lesions such as angiomyolipoma and retroperitoneal *** present a novel case of PMPF in a young male patient with horseshoe *** discuss the imaging characteristics on computed tomography(CT)and magnetic resonance imaging,differential diagnoses,as well as the histopathological features of this rare *** was obtained from the patient for treatment and publication.

关键词： patient kidney sarcoma

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Sickle Cell Gene Transmission: Do Public Servants in Tamale, Ghana Have the Right Knowledge and Attitude to Curb It?

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2015年第6期5卷 299-308页

作者： Evans Paul Kwame Ameade Baba Sulemana Mohammed gideon Kofi Helegbe Sualisu Yakubu Department of Human Biology School of Medicine and Health Sciences University for Development Studies Tamale Ghana Savelugu District Hospital Savelugu Ghana

Introduction: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is exerting enormous public health and economic burden on many countries. To reduce these effects, the world Health Organization is urging countries, especially those in Africa, to increase public awareness of this disease. This study accessed whether public servants in Tamale, Ghana possess adequate knowledge and positive attitude towards SCD. Method: A total of 320 public servants within the Tamale Metropolis were invited to complete a questionnaire in a cross-sectional study. Data were analyzed using GraphPad 5.01. Association between different variables was tested. Results: The media was the main source of information for a majority of the 94.2% of respondents who had ever heard of SCD. Knowledge of respondents on transmission and testing of SCD was above 70% but they recorded less than 40% in SCD’s incurability, prevalence, effect of SCD on life span and pregnancy. The mean knowledge score of respondents was (11.1 ± 5.11)/22 or 50.7%. Only about a quarter knew their sickling status or that of their spouses before marriage or first child. Although 78.0% of respondents would call off marriages if they became aware of genetic incompatibility, the overall mean attitude, (2.857 ± 1.97)/ 7.0% or 40.8% was poor. There was a positive and significant correlation between the knowledge of respondents and their attitude towards SCD (r = 0.494, p working in the health sector and those with tertiary level education had better attitudes towards SCD. Conclusion: Public servants in Ghana have moderate knowledge of SCD but their attitude towards the disease was poor. Public servants least considered genetic incompatibility before entering conjugal relationships. This poor attitude means the campaign for the reduction of sickle cell gene transmission must be intensified. Governments need to increase their investment on educational campaigns aimed at changing attitude of persons through provision of more knowledge

关键词： Sickle Cell Disease Public Servants Knowledge Attitude Tamale

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Mineralogy and Texture of the weathered Products from Silicic Lavas in the Sabga Area, North west Cameroon

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International Journal of Geosciences 2021年第6期12卷 605-624页

作者： Edith Etakah Bate Tibang gideon Anoma waji Elisha Mutum Shemang Cheo Emmanuel Suh Department of Geology Mining & Environmental Science Faculty of Science University of Bamenda Bambili North West Region Cameroon Economic Geology Unit Department of Geology University of Buea Buea South West Region Cameroon Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Botswana International University of Science and Technology Palapye Botswana

Products of weathering usually clay minerals, are commonly characterized through mineralogical, chemical and geochemical analysis, emphasizing their implications in industrial applications, initiation of landslides and their impact on surface water geochemistry. In this study the vertical variations in textural characteristics and clay mineral type within weathered profiles in the Sabga area were investigated. Two exposed weathered profiles were logged from bed rock to topsoil and each horizon was sampled separately. Granulometric analysis on the samples indicated mixtures of clay, silt and sand size particles in all horizons. Smectite and kaolinite were identified by X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The two logs show that the lower horizons display whitish colors with fine laminations, middle horizons are brownish and the upper horizons display dark brown colors. Graphic mean values for both sections gave values that range between 2.02 - 3.7f with an average standard deviation value of 1.9

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Efficacy and safety of tenofovir in chronic hepatitis B: Australian real world experience

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world Journal of Hepatology 2017年第1期9卷 48-56页

作者： Grace C Lovett Tin Nguyen David M Iser Jacinta A Holmes Robert Chen Barbara Demediuk gideon Shaw Sally J Bell Paul V Desmond Alexander J Thompson Department of Gastroenterology St Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne Faculty of Medicine University of Melbourne

AIMTo evaluate the long-term treatment outcomes of tenofovir therapy in patients in a real world Australian tertiary care setting. METHODSwe performed a retrospective analysis of treatment outcomes among treatment-naïve and treatment-experienced patients receiving a minimum 3 mo tenofovir therapy through St Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne, Australia. we included patients receiving tenofovir [tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)] monotherapy, as well as patients treated with TDF in combination with a second antiviral agent. Patients were excluded if they demonstrated human immune-deficiency virus/hepatitis C virus/hepatitis delta virus coinfection or were less than 18 years of age. we considered virological and biochemical response, as well as safety outcomes. Virological response was determined by measurement of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA using sensitive assays; biochemical response was determined via serum liver function tests; histological response was determined from liver biopsy and fibroscan; safety analysis focused on glomerular renal function and bone mineral density. The primary efficacy endpoint was complete virological suppression over time, defined by HBV DNA RESULTSNinety-two patients were identified who fulfilled the enrolment criteria. Median follow-up was 26 mo (range 3-114). Mean age was 46 (24-78) years, 64 (70%) were male and 77 (84%) were of Asian origin. 55 (60%) patients were treatment-naïve and 62 patients (67%) were HBeAg-negative. Complete virological suppression was achieved by 45/65 (71%) patients at 12 mo, 37/46 (80%) at 24 mo and 25/28 (89%) at 36 mo. Partial virological response (HBV DNA 20-2000 IU/mL) was achieved by 89/92 (96.7%) of patients. Multivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between virological suppression at end of follow-up and baseline HBV DNA level (OR = 0.897, 95%CI: 0.833-0.967, P = 0.0046) and HBeAg positive status (OR = 0.373, 95%CI: 0.183-0.762, P = 0.0069). There was no difference in respon

关键词： Tenofovir Hepatitis B virus Australia Real-life Virological suppression Chronic hepatitis B

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Assessment of radiation protection knowledge and practices among radiographers in the central region of Ghana

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Radiation Medicine and Protection 2022年第3期3卷 146-151页

作者： Emmanuel Fiagbedzi Philip Nii Gorleku Savanna Nyarko Adomako Asare gideon Ackah Ndede Department of Medical Imaging Technology and Sonography College of Health and Allied SciencesUniversity of Cape CoastCape CoastGhana

Objective:To assess the radiation protection practices and knowledge among radiographers in the central region of ***:A cross-sectional study was carried out among practicing radiographers in three selected *** study was carried out from January to October 2021.A self-administered questionnaire comprising three sections was given out to 20 participants to *** were analyzed statistically using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences(SPSS)version 25.0 and logistic regression ***:The study revealed that over ninety percent of the radiographers had dosimeters but only 25%wear them *** to radiation protection measures and practices was found to be generally fairly satisfactory,but was high in the age group ***,Knowledge of radiation protection practices amongst the radi-ographers was generally *** experience of fewer than 5 years(P=0.035)gave a high odds ratio(OR)and was of a significant value in determining the radiation training and courses undertaken by these ***:The adherence to radiation protection practices was fairly satisfactory,and the knowledge of radi-ation protection practices was generally high,but that is not *** is more room for improvement to ensure knowledge is put into practice to enhance proper safety measures,ensure effective work,and overall reduce the negative effects of ionizing radiation.

关键词： Radiographer Radiation protection Practices Ionizing radiations

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