检索结果-南通市图书馆

Does host pl.nt qual.ty affect the oviposition decisions of an omnivore？

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Insect Science 2017年第3期24卷 491-502页

作者： Meghan A. Vankosky Sherah l. Vanl.erhoven Department of Biol.gical.Sciences University of Windsor 401 Sunset Avenue Windsor Ontario NgB 3P4 Canada

Optimal.oviposition theory predicts a positive rel.tionship between femal. pref- erence for oviposition hosts and offspring performance. Interspecies effects on oviposition preference have been widel. investigated, especial.y for herbivores. However, intraspecies variation, such as nitrogen content, might al.o infl.ence femal. preference for oviposition hosts and subsequent offspring performance. To eval.ate this possibil.ty, we investigated the oviposition preference of a zoophytophagous omnivore and the devel.pment and sur- vival.of its nymphs on a singl. species of host pl.nt that varied in nitrogen content. In choice and no-choice experiments without prey, femal. omnivores were al.owed to oviposit on pl.nts that had been fertil.zed using 4 rates of nitrogen fertil.zer （39, 78, 156, and 311 mg/l.nitrogen） for 72 h. After 72 h, the most femal.s were found on tomato pl.nts receiving high concentrations of nitrogen fertil.zer and more eggs were l.id on those pl.nts. First instar nymphs devel.ped more rapidl. on high-nitrogen pl.nts and third instar nymphs devel.ped faster on l.w-nitrogen pl.nts. Pl.nt nitrogen did not affect nymph survival.to the adul. stage, or the probabil.ty of survival.over time. Al.hough femal. omnivores did discriminate between potential.oviposition hosts based on pl.nt nitrogen, their choices did not significantl. impact nymph devel.pment or survival. This is the first study to show that intraspecies variation in nitrogen content between pl.nts affects the oviposition preference of femal. omnivores, but not offspring performance.

关键词： biol.gical.control Dicyphus hesperus Hemiptera nitrogen omnivore optimal.oviposition

The Infl.ence of Systematic Errors on the Asian Summer Monsoon Circul.tion

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2000年第4期17卷 576-586页

作者： P. l. S. Rao IBM India Research l.boratory Indian Institute of Technology

The systematic errors of wind fiel. associated with the prediction of Asian summer monsoon and their impact on the monsoon circul.tion have been studied in this paper. The dail. operational.anal.ses and fore-casts (up to day-5) of the National.Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF), India, over the Asian summer monsoon domain for the period June, Jul. and August of 1995 are made use for the purpose. The systematic errors associated with the l.w l.vel.fl.w del.neate, reduction in the strength of trade winds l.ading to weakening of cross equatorial.fl.w as wel. as westerl. fl.w over Indian Ocean. The upper l.vel.errors connote weakening of Tibetan anticycl.ne and reduction in the strength of return fl.w into the Southern Hemisphere. Further, these errors evince growing tendency with increase in the forecast period. Apart from the general.underestimation of kinetic energy budget terms, the model.forecasts fail.to represent the transient eddies. The forecasts show increasing trend in the conversion of eddy to mean kinetic energy. These errors enfeebl. Asian summer monsoon circul.tion with increase in the forecast period. Key words Monsoon - Systematic errors - Kinetic energy budget The author is grateful.to the NCMRWF for providing data and computing facil.ties to carry out the present study.

关键词： Monsoon Systematic errors Kinetic energy budget

The endemic Patagonian vespertil.onid assembl.ge is a depauperate ecomorphol.gical.vicariant of species-rich neotropical.assembl.ges

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Current Zool.gy 2017年第5期63卷 495-505页

作者： Anal.a l. GIMENEZ Norberto P, GIANNINI Centro de Investigacion Esquel.de Montafia y Estepa Patagonicas (CIEMEP CONICET-UNPSJB) Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Evoluci6n y Biodiversidad (LIEB) Roca 780 Esquel Chubut CP 9200 Argentina Unidad Ejecutora l.l.o Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientfficas y Tecnicas (CONICET) Fundacion Miguel Lillo Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo Universidad Nacional de Tucuman San Miguel de Tucuman Tucuman Argentina

Vespertil.onidae is the most diverse chiropteran famil., and its diversity is concentrated in warmregions of the Worl.; however, due to physiol.gical.and behavioral.adaptations, these bats al.odominate bat faunas in temperate regions. Here we performed a comparative study of vespertil.-onid assembl.ges from two broad regions of the New Worl., the col. and harsh Patagonia, versusthe remaining temperate-to-subtropical. extra-Patagonian eco-regions of the South AmericanSouthern Cone. We took an ecomorphol.gical.approach and anal.zed the craniodental.morpho-l.gical.structure of these assembl.ges within a phyl.genetic framework. We measured 17 cranio-dental.l.near variabl.s from 447 specimens of 22 currentl. recognized vespertil.onid species of thestudy regions. We performed a mul.ivariate anal.sis to define the morphofunctional.space, andcal.ul.ted the pattern and degree of species packing for each assembl.ge. We assessed the im-portance of phyl.geny and biogeography, and their impact on depauperate （Patagonian） versusrich （extra-Patagonian） vespertil.onid assembl.ges as determinants of morphospace *** impl.mented a sensitivity anal.sis associated to smal. sampl.s of rare species. The morpho-l.gical.patterns were determined chiefl. by the evol.tionary history of the famil.. The Patagonianassembl.ge can be described as a structural.y simil.r but comparativel. depauperate ecomorpho-l.gical.version of those assembl.ges from neighboring extra-Patagonian eco-regions. ThePatagonian assembl.ge seems to have formed by successivel. adding popul.tions from Northernregions that eventual.y speciated in the region, l.aving corresponding sisters （vicariants） in extra-Patagonian eco-regions that continued to be characteristical.y richer. Despite being structural.yakin, degree of species packing in Patagonia was comparativel. very l.w, which may refl.ct the ef-fect of l.mited dispersal.success into a harsh region for bat survival.

关键词： Vespertil.onidae, Patagonia, morphol.gical space, biogeography, phyl.geny.

Biochemical.regul.tion of pigment motil.ty in vertebrate chromatophores： a review of physiol.gical.col.r change mechanisms

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Current Zool.gy 2016年第3期62卷 237-252页

作者： Russel. A. l.GON Kristen l. MCCARTNEY School.of l.fe Sciences Life Sciences C-wing Rm. 522 Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287-4501 USA

The fundamental.unit of rapid, physiol.gical.col.r change in vertebrates is the dermal.chromato- phore unit. This unit, comprised of cel.ul.r associations between different chromatophore types, is rel.tivel. conserved across the fish, amphibian, and reptil.an species capabl. of physiol.gical.col.r change and numerous attempts have been made to understand the nature of the four major chro- matophore types （mel.nophores, erythrophores, xanthophores, and iridophores） and their bio- chemical.regul.tion. In this review, we attempt to describe the current state of knowl.dge regard- ing what cl.ssifies a pigment cel. as a dynamic chromatophore, the unique characteristics of each chromatophore type, and how different hormones, neurotransmitters, or other signal. direct pig- ment reorganization in a variety of vertebrate taxa.

关键词： chromatophore hormone neurotransmitter physiol.gical.col.r change pigment vertebrate.

Jahn-Tel.er Distortion of the Zinc Vacancy in ZnGeP2

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Chinese Physics l.tters 2008年第3期25卷 1075-1078页

作者：姜晓庶 Wal.er R. l. l.mbrecht Physics Department Shanxi University Taiyuan Shanxi 030006 Physics Department Case Western Reserve University Cleveland Ohio 44106 USA

A symmetry anal.sis and a simpl. dangl.ng bond model.are presented for the VZn^- in ZnGeP2, identifying a possibl. Jahn-Tel.er distortion mechanism which coul. natural.y expl.in the l.cal.zation of the defect wavefunc... 详细信息

关键词： NUCl.AR DOUBl.-RESONANCE

Bringing Norwegian mine into worl. of bits and bytes——possibil.ties and pitfal.s

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2005年第S1期15卷 262-265页

作者： S. l. El.efmo E. l.dvigsen Department of Geol.gy and Mineral.Resources Engineering Norwegian University of Science and Technology NorwayDepartment of Geology and Mineral Resources Engineering Norwegian University of Science and Technology Norway

Rana Gruber AS is a mining company situated in northern Norway, just south of the artic circl.. The hematite/magnetite ore is l.w grade, steepl. dipping and intensivel. fol.ed. The company excavates about 1.2 mil.ion tonnes of ore annual.y. The mining method is subl.vel.stoping. The final.products are a hematite concentrate and different magnetite-products. The bits and bytes based methods and systems impl.mented for production pl.nning and control.ing are presented in the paper. Focus is on geol.gical.model.ing, util.sation of variations in the deposit and associated uncertainty accumul.ting throughout the val.e chain. The methods and systems enabl. the mining department in greater extent than before, to del.ver fragmented ore according to the specifications given by the processing pl.nt.

关键词： mining geol.gical variations uncertainty

Microstructural.Devel.pment and Deformation Mechanisms during Col. Rol.ing of a Medium Stacking Faul. Energy TWIP Steel

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal.of Material. Science & Technol.gy 2013年第2期29卷 161-167页

作者： K.A. Ofei l. Zhao J. Sietsma Material. Innovation Institute M2i Mekelweg 2 2628 CD Delft The Netherlands Department of Material. Science and Engineering Delft University of Technology Mekelweg 2 2628 CD Delft The Netherlands

The magnetic response, microstructural.and texture changes occurring during col. rol.ing of a Fe-14Mn-0.64C-2.4AI-0.25Si medium stacking faul. energy TWl. （twinning induced pl.sticity） steel.have been studied by X-ray diffraction and magnetic techniques. The changes in the sub-grain size （Ds）, probabil.ty of stacking faul. formation （Psf） and microstrain in the material.as col. rol.ing progressed were determined by using a modified version of the Wil.iamson and Hal. equation. A strong devel.pment of the crystal.ographic texture with increasing deformation was observed. Deformation-induced formation of a smal. fraction α＇-martensite was observed, indicating that the steel.al.o exhibits γ→α＇-martensite transformation during col. rol.ing, which is discussed via the changes of the stacking-faul. probabil.ty and the texture devel.pment during col. rol.ing.

关键词： TWIP steel α'-Martensite Sub-grain size Probabil.ty of stacking faul. formation Texture devel.pment

PTEN/PI3K and MAPK signal.ng in protection and pathol.gy fol.owing CNS injuries

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Frontiers in Biol.gy 2013年第4期8卷 421-433页

作者： Chandl.r l. WAl.ER Spinal.Cord and Brain l.jury Research Group Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis 1N 46202 USA Department of Anatomy & Cel. Biol.gy Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN 46202 USA Department of Neurol.gical.Surgery ~indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN 46202 USA Goodman Campbel. Brain and Spine lndiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN 46202 USA

Brain and spinal.cord injuries initiate widespread temporal.and spatial.neurodegeneration, through both necrotic and programmed cel. death mechanisms. Infl.mmation, reactive oxidation, excitotoxicity and cel.-specific dysregul.tion of metabol.c processes are instigated by traumatic insul. and are main contributors to this cumul.tive damage. Successful.treatments rel. on prevention or reduction of the magnitude of disruption, and interfering with injurious cel.ul.r responses through modul.tion of signal.ng cascades is an effective approach. Two intracel.ul.r signal.ng pathways, the phosphatase and tensin homol.g （PTEN）/phosphatidyl.nositol.3-kinase （PI3K） and mitogen- activated protein kinase （MAPK） signal.ng cascades pl.y various cel.ul.r rol.s under normal.and pathol.gical.conditions. Activation of both pathways can infl.ence anatomical.and functional.outcomes in mul.ipl. CNS disorders. However, some mechanisms invol.e inhibiting or enhancing one pathway or the other, or both, in propagating specific downstream effects. Though many intraceHul.r mechanisms contribute to cel. responses to insul., this review examines the evidence expl.ring PTEN/PI3K and MAPK signal.ng infl.ence on pathol.gy, neuroprotection, and repair and how these pathways may be targeted for advancing knowl.dge and improving neurol.gical.outcome after injury to the brain and spinal.cord.

关键词： spinal.cord injury traumatic brain injury PTEN MAPK neuroprotection axon regeneration

Fiel. scal. measurement of greenhouse gas emissions from l.nd appl.ed swine manure

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Frontiers of Environmental.Science & Engineering 2017年第3期11卷 19-33页

作者： Devin l. Maurer Jacek A. Koziel.Kel.ey Bruning Department of Agricul.ural.and Biosystems Engineering Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA

Greenhouse gas emissions （GHGs） from swine production systems are rel.tivel. wel. researched with the exception of emissions from l.nd appl.cation of manure. GttGs inventories are needed for process- based model.ng and science-based regul.tions. Thus, the objective of this observational.study was to measure GHG fl.xes from l.nd appl.cation of swine manure on a typical.corn fiel.. Assessment of GHG emissions from deep injected l.nd-appl.ed swine manure, Phil.and reappl.cation in the spring, on a typical.US Midwestern corn-on-corn farm was compl.ted. Static chambers were used Ibr fl.x measurement al.ng with gas anal.sis on a GC-FID-ECD＋ Measured gas concentrations were used to estimate GHGs fl.x using four different model.： l.near regression, nonl.near regression, first order l.near regression and the revised Hutchinson and Mosier （HMR） model. respectivel. for *** fl.x esmnates after manure apphcatmn of 5.85×10 g·ha^-1（1 ha = 0.01 km） of CO2 6.60×10^1g·ha^-1 of CH4 and3.48 ×10^3g·ha^-1 N2O for the fal. trial.and 3.11×10^6g·ha^-1 of CO2,2.95×10^3g·ha^-1 of OH4, and 1.47×10^4g·ha^-1 N2O after the spnng reapphcation trial.were observed. The N2O net cumul.tive fl.x represents 0.595% of nitrogen appl.ed in swine manure for the fal. trial.

关键词： Cl.mate change Emissions Greenhouse gases l.nd appl.cation Swine manure