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Homocysteine and copper interact to promote type 5 phosphodiesterase expression in rabbit cavernosal smooth muscle cells

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2008年第6期10卷 905-913页

作者： Matthew Hotston Jamie Y. Jeremy Jonathon Bloor Nick S. Greaves Raj Persad gianni angelini Nilima Shukla Department of Urology University of BristoL Bristol BS8 1TH UK Department of Cardiac Surgery University of BristoL Bristol BS8 1TH UK

Aim： To study the effects of homocysteine and copper on type 5 phosphodiesterase （PDE5） expression in cavemosai vascular smooth muscle cells （CVSMCs） and to investigate superoxide （O2-） derived from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase as homocysteine and copper generate O2-, and O2- upregulates PDE5 expression. Methods： CVSMCs derived from rabbit penis were incubated with homocysteine or copper chloride with or without superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalase, sildenafil citrate, or apocynin （nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate inhibitor） for 16 h. The expression of PDE5 and of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase （internal standard） was assessed using Western blot analysis. In parallel, O2-was measured spectrophotometrically. Results： CuCl2 alone （up to 10 μmol/L） and homocysteine alone （up to 100 μmol/L） had no effect on O2- formation in CVSMCs compared to controls. In combination, however, homocysteine and CuCl2 markedly increased O2- formation, an effect blocked by SOD, catalase, apocynin, and sildenafil （1 μmol/L） when co-incubated over the same time course. PDE5 expression was also significantly increased in CVSMCs incubated with homocysteine and CuCl2, compared to controls. This effect was also negated by 16-h co-incubation with SOD, catalase, apocynin and sildenafil. Conclusion： This represents a novel pathogenic mechanism underlying ED, and indicates that the therapeutic actions of prolonged sildenafil use are mediated in part through inhibition of this pathway.

关键词： erectile dysfunction superoxide PDE5 sildenafil

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The Mysterius Fate of Stars (Past, Present and Future of the Universe)

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2024年第4期12卷 1308-1320页

作者： gianni Donati Associazione Italiana di Ingegneria Chimica Milano Italy

The research on the collapse of stars, due to Gravity, after the depletion of the fusion fuel, engaged a number of famous guys as Eddington, Chandrasekhar, Schwarzschild and Oppenheimer in the years around 1910-1050. During this period, Einstein was writing his field equation of general relativity (1923), Fermi, in a famous letter to Pauli, proposed the neutrino in beta decay theory (1930), Chadwick found the neutron, that granted him the Nobel price (1935) and Hubble (1929) proved that the Universe was expanding. As a result of that golden age, we remain with a lot of unsolved questions, due to the poor knowledge of the nature of the strong Nuclear Interaction of Gravity that controls the whole Universe. We have made an investigation on the nature of nuclear bond and gravitational attraction on the basis of available data and as a follow-up of Fermi famous research on Neutrino. Using this background, we hope to be able to explain or give some light to the evolution of stars, to the strange objects and phenomena captured or perceived by astronomers in the sky and speculated by theoretical physicists.

关键词： Physics Gravity Astrophysics Grand Unified Theory Nuclear Bond Neutrino Particle Physics

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OPPO科技研究中心大厦

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建筑实践 2024年第4期 44-47页

作者： gianni Botsford gianni Botsford Architects

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Source, Triggers and Clinical Implications of Hyperlactemia in Patients Undergoing Mitral Valve Surgery Using Custodiol Cardioplegia

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2013年第5期3卷 131-138页

作者： Raimondo Ascione Andrea Venturini Elvio Polesel Domenico Mangino Chiara Zanchettin Giampaolo Zoffoli gianni angelini M.Saadeh Suleiman CSIRO Bristol Heart Institute University of Bristol Bristol UK U.O. di Cardiochirurgia Ospedale Civile “Umberto I” Venice Italy

Background: Postoperative blood hyperlactaemia is an indicator of organ anaerobic metabolism and is associated with morbidity after cardiac surgery. This prospective study aims to explore the source, triggers and clinical implications for hyperlactaemia in patients undergoing mitral valve surgery using Custodiol cardioplegia. Methods: Twenty consecutive elective patients undergoing open-heart surgery for mitral valve repair/replacement using Custodiol (based on Bretschneider’s HTK-solution) cardioplegia were recruited. A serial measurement of arterial blood lactate was performed. Pre-, intra-and post-operative clinical data were obtained and cardiac injury was determined by serial plasma measurement of postoperative release of CK-MB. Results: There were no in-hospital deaths. Most of the patients (n = 16) needed intraoperative direct current cardioversion to treat ventricular arrhythmias or post-operative vasopressors (n = 13) to treat vasoplegia. There was significant cardiac injury as determined by the marked increase of serum CK-MB (p 0.05). A significant (p 0.05) increase in blood lactate was found to follow a biphasic profile. The first peak (from 0.54 ± 0.03 to 1.3 ± 0.07 mM) was observed immediately following the release of the aortic cross-clamp and remained high for 1 hour. This was followed by a second peak at 12 hours post-operatively (1.9 ± 0.2 mM). The second rise in lactate was seen only in patients that required post-operative vasopressors (1.3 ± 0.2 vs 2.2 ±0.3 mM, p 0.05), in whom a significant late decrease in CVP was also observed (12.2 ± 1.0 to 7.7 ± 1.0 for 1 and 12 hours postoperative, respectively). Hyperlactaemia did not correlate with any other variables including CK-MB levels, cross-clamp or cardiopulmonary bypass time. Conclusions: In patients undergoing mitral valve surgery with Custodiol cardioplegia there is marked cardiac injury and a biphasic release of blood lactate. The initial peak in lactate occurs immediately following unclamping

关键词： Mitral Valve Blood Lactate Cardiac Injury Custodiol

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Effect of stepover and torch tilting angle on a repair process using WAAM

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Advances in Manufacturing 2022年第4期10卷 541-555页

作者： Francesco Baffa Giuseppe Venturini gianni Campatelli Emanuele Galvanetto Department of Industrial Engineering University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly

To sustain the transition to a greener economy and greener manufacturing,it is necessary to develop new approaches and technologies to repair metal components;this will result in a drastic reduction in energy and material *** this study,wire arc additive manufacturing(WAAM)was used to deposit a layer of new material on an existing surface,with the objective of finding the optimal configuration that maximized the layer quality and material *** parameters considered are the stepover among the deposited beads and the inclination of the torch with respect to the repaired *** inclination angle is crucial when repairing complex surfaces,like those of a mold,owing to accessibility issues,the torch cannot be maintained orthogonal to the surfaces along the entire *** configurations were tested in order to assess the quality of the materials in terms of the presence of material voids,depth of penetration,and the heat affected zone(HAZ)and to understand the effects of these variables on the material efficiency and thickness of the repairing *** should be noted that by adopting deposition parameters set to have a low heat input,the use of a tilting angle has beneficial effects on the quality of the deposited layer and the process *** and geometrical measurements were carried out to assess the effect of these two variables depositing a layer of plain carbon steel.

关键词： Wire arc additive manufacturing(WAAM) Repairing·Torch inclination Stepover Remanufacturing

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Electric field and charge doping induced superconducting transition in 2D freestanding perovskite barium bismuthate

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中国科学:物理学、力学、天文学英文版 2023年第7期66卷 102-111页

作者： Yaning Cui Tianhao Su Lei Qiao Zongquan Gu gianni Profeta Alessandra Continenza Wei Ren Physics Department Materials Genome InstituteInternational Center for Quantum and Molecular StructuresShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Shanghai Key Laboratory of High Temperature Superconductors Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Zhejiang Laboratory Hangzhou 311100China School of Microelectronics Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences Universitàdegli Studi dell'AquilaCoppito(L'Aquila)67100Italy Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche CNR-SPIN Coppito(L'Aquila)67100Italy

We present an ab-initio study of monolayer BaBiO_(3) focused on how to harness the insulator-metal transition through suppression of the charge density wave(CDW)phase in this *** the determination of the most stable structure for the freestanding monolayer,we investigate the effects of an applied electric field and of charge doping on the electronic properties of the *** results show that external electric fields of the order of 0.1-0.3 V/A are able to stabilize the metallic phase,destroy the CDW phase and,in addition,lead to a metallic metastable *** this same footing,we show that hole doping could also suppress the CDW phase and drive the system toward a metallic phase with large electron-phonon *** this end,we also study the dependence of the electron-phonon coupling on hole-doping concentration and show that this could drive the onset of ***,low-dimensional BaBiO3 is an extremely flexible material with electronic properties that could be tuned using different and possibly combined external tools such as electric fields and charge doping,paving the way to achieve effective control on the transition from the CDW,to the metallic and then superconducting phase.

关键词： charge wave density phase transition superconductivity 2D material

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Multistage tectono-stratigraphic evolution of the Canavese Intracontinental Suture Zone:New constraints on the tectonics of the Inner Western Alps

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第6期13卷 91-110页

作者： gianni Balestro Andrea Festa Sara De Caroli Edoardo Barbero Alessandro Borghi Franco Gianotti Department of Earth Sciences University of TorinoTorinoItaly National Research Council of Italy Institute of Geosciences and Earth ResourcesTorinoItaly School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Cardiff UniversityCardiffWalesUK

The Canavese Intracontinental Suture Zone(CISZ) within the Inner Western Alps represents the remnant of a long-lived minor subduction zone involving a narrow, thinned continental crust/oceanic lithosphere seaway between two continental domains of the Adria microplate(i.e., the Sesia Zone and the IvreaVerbano Zone). As opposed to many suture zones, the CISZ mostly escaped pervasive tectonic deformation and metamorphism, thus preserving the original stratigraphy and allowing the relationships between tectonics and sedimentation to be defined. Through detailed geological mapping(1:5000 scale),structural analysis, stratigraphic and petrographic observations, we document evidences for the late Paleozoic to late Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the CISZ, showing that it played a significant role in the context of the tectonic evolution of the Inner Western Alps region from the early to late Permian Pangea segmentation, to the Jurassic Tethyan rifting, and up to the subduction and collisional stages,forming the Western Alps. The site of localization/formation of the CISZ was not accidental but associated with the re-use of structures inherited from regional-scale wrench tectonics related to the segmentation of Pangea, and from the subsequent extensional tectonics related to the Mesozoic rifting, as documented by crosscutting relationships between stratigraphic unconformities and tectonic features. Our findings document that evidences derived from stratigraphy, facies indicators, and relationships between tectonics and sedimentation in the shallow crustal portions of suture zones, such in the CISZ, are important to better constrain the tectonic history of those metamorphic orogenic belts around the world in which evolutionary details are commonly complicated by high-strain deformation and metamorphic transformations.

关键词： Suture zone Western Alps Structural inheritance Tectonics and sedimentation Multistage tectonic evolution

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The Nuclear Clock Correction for Universal Gravitation

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2023年第9期11卷 2576-2584页

作者： gianni Donati Associazione Italiana di Ingegneria Chimica Italy

Science is losing some fixed references shifting from universality to relativity: time and space become space time, the meter is related to the velocity of light and the second is fixed by the ticketing of a Cesium atom. In the case of Gravity, Nature was so friendly to Newton to allow him the writing of the Universal Gravitational Law, that changed the view of the Universe for the last three centuries. However, the way matter generates Gravity was unknown to Newton and the problem is still nowadays ignored by most scientists and remains the ultimate question mark of physics. We paid attention to the ticketing of all existing nuclides and found that the parameters of the neutronproton transformations are so precise, in describing these reactions, that can be considered universal constants. Instead, the emitted neutrino flux Fo is almost constant with a mean value of 6.668E20 neutrino per gram and second over the wide range of all nuclides with some deviation for lighter nuclei. This is the reason why Newton was able to find his Universal Gravitational Law and allows us today to state a relation of this flux with the Gauss constant G on the basis of nuclear properties. Moreover, it explains the mechanism that bodies use for their mutual attraction with a simplification of the three-body problem in celestial bodies computation. We have to remember that Newton model, with a fixed gravitational Gauss constant G, or the equivalent with a fixed neutrino flux Fo, have been used for the determination of the mass of the celestial bodies in motion with the implicit assumption that the gravitational and inertial mass are the same. In this paper we recognize the big difference in composition of the Sun and the gaseous planets compared to the terrestrial ones and show how the relatively small difference of the neutrino flux can change our vision of the Universe.

关键词： Physics Gravity Astrophysics Grand Unified Theory Nuclear Bond Neutrino Particle Physics

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糖尿病与肠道菌群研究进展

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Science Bulletin 2022年第17期67卷 1720-1723页

作者：贾伟平 gianni Panagiotou Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismShanghai Diabetes InstituteShanghai Clinical Center for DiabetesShanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s HospitalShanghai 200233China Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Unit Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll InstituteJena 07745Germany State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Diabetes mellitus is a global public health problem that causes great economic and social *** pathogenesis is complex and ***,with considerable attention paid to the interaction between gut microbiota and host,gut mic... 详细信息

关键词： diseases pathogenesis Diabetes

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Complement-mediated microvascular injury and thrombosis in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19: A review

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2022年第4期12卷 53-67页

作者： Panagiota gianni Mark Goldin Sam Ngu Stefanos Zafeiropoulos Georgios Geropoulos Dimitrios giannis Department of Internal Medicine III HematologyOncologyPalliative MedicineRheumatology and Infectious DiseasesUniversity Hospital UlmUlm 89070Germany School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Northwell HealthNew YorkNY 11549United States Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research at Northwell Health Feinstein InstitutesNew YorkNY 11030United States Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine Northwell HealthNew YorkNY 11030United States Department of General Surgery University College London HospitalsLondon NW12BUUnited Kingdom North Shore/Long Island Jewish General Surgery Northwell HealthNew YorkNY 11021United States

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)causes acute microvascular thrombosis in both venous and arterial structures which is highly associated with increased *** mechanisms leading to thromboembolism are still under *** evidence suggests that excessive complement activation with severe amplification of the inflammatory response(cytokine storm)hastens disease progression and initiates complement-dependent cytotoxic tissue damage with resultant prothrombotic *** concept of thromboinflammation,involving overt inflammation and activation of the coagulation cascade causing thrombotic microangiopathy and end-organ damage,has emerged as one of the core components of COVID-19 *** complement system is a major mediator of the innate immune response and inflammation and thus an appealing treatment *** this review,we discuss the role of complement in the development of thrombotic microangiopathy and summarize the current data on complement inhibitors as COVID-19 therapeutics.

关键词： COVID-19 Complement Microvascular injury Thromboembolism Cytokine storm Thrombotic microangiopathy

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