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Sequential temperature control of multi-phasic dormancy release and germination of Paeonia corsica seeds

Journal of Plant Ecology 2016年第4期9卷 464-473页

作者： Marco Porceddu Efisio Mattana Hugh W.Pritchard gianluigi bacchetta Centro Conservazione Biodiversità(CCB) Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’AmbienteUniversitàdegli Studi di Cagliari.Viale Sant’Ignazio da Laconi1309123CagliariItaly Royal Botanic Gardens KewWellcome Trust Millennium BuildingWakehurst PlaceArdinglyWest Sussex RH176TNUK

Aims The physiological responses during dormancy removal and multi-phasic germination were investigated in seeds of Paeonia corsica(Paeoniaceae).Methods Seeds of *** were incubated in the light at a range of temperatures(10-25 and 25/10℃),without any pre-treatment,after W(3 months at 25℃),C(3 months at 5℃)and W+C(3 months at 25℃followed by 3 months at 5℃)stratification,and a GA_(3)treatment(250 mg·l^(−1)in the germination substrate).Embryo growth,time from testa to endosperm rupture and radicle emergence were assessed as separate ***-plumule emergence was evaluated incubating the germinated seeds at 15℃for 2 weeks,at 5 and 25℃for 2 months on agar water before transplanting to the soil substrate at 10,15 and 20℃and at 15℃for 2 months on the surface agar water with GA_(3).Important Findings Embryo growth,testa rupture,endosperm rupture(radicle emergence)and growth of the epicotyl were identified as four sequential steps in seeds of *** acid alone and warm stratification followed by 15℃promoted embryo growth and subsequent seed *** stratification induced secondary dormancy,even when applied after warm *** radicle emergence,epicotyl-plumule emergence was delayed for ca.3 *** time of epicotyl-plumule emergence was positively affected by cold stratification(2 months at 5℃)and GA_(3).*** seeds exhibited differential temperature sensitivity for the four sequential steps in the removal of dormancy and germination processes that resulted in the precise and optimal timing of seedling emergence.

关键词： cold/warm stratification embryo growth epicotyl dormancy seed dormancy Paeoniaceae

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An early evaluation of translocation actions for endangered plant species on Mediterranean islands

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Plant Diversity 2019年第2期41卷 94-104页

作者： Giuseppe Fenu gianluigi bacchetta S.Christodoulou Charalambos Christini Fournaraki Gian Pietro Giusso del Galdo Panagiota Gotsiou Angelos Kyratzis Carole Piazza Magdalena Vicens Maria Silvia Pinna Bertrand de Montmollin Centro Conservazione Biodiversità (CCB) Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente (DISVA) Università degli Studi di Cagliari Hortus Botanicus Karalitanus (HBK) Università degli Studi di Cagliari Department of Forests Ministry of Agriculture Rural Development and Environment CIHEAM Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania (MAICh) Department of Biological Geological and Environmental Sciences University of Catania Agricultural Research Institute Ministry of Agriculture Rural Development and Environment Office de l’Environnement de la Corse (OEC) Jardí Botànic de Sóller Foundation (JBS) Mediterranean Plant Specialist Group (IUCN/SSC)

In situ conservation is widely considered a primary conservation strategy. Plant translocation, specifically, represents an important tool for reducing the extinction risk of threatened species. However, thus far, few documented translocations have been carried out in the Mediterranean islands. The CareMediflora project, carried out on six Mediterranean islands, tackles both short-and long-term needs for the insular endangered plants through in situ and ex situ conservation actions. The project approach is based on using ex situ activities as a tool to improve in situ conservation of threatened plant *** island plants(representing 45 taxa) were selected for translocations using common *** the translocations, several approaches were used, which differed in site selection method, origin of genetic material, type of propagative material, planting method, and more. Although only preliminary data are available, some general lessons can be learned from the experience of the CareMediflora project. Among the factors restricting the implementation of translocations, limited financial resources appear to be the most important. Specific preliminary management actions, sometimes to be reiterated after translocation, increase the overall cost, but often are necessary for translocation success. Translocation using juvenile/reproductive plants produces better results over the short term,although seeds may provide good results over the long run(to be assessed in the future). Regardless,plant translocation success can only be detected over long periods; therefore, proper evaluation of plant translocations requires a long-term monitoring protocol. Care-Mediflora project represents the first attempt to combine the existing approaches in a common plant conservation strategy specifically focusing on the Mediterranean islands.

关键词： Care-Mediflora project ex situ conservation in situ conservation Insular flora Threatened plant populations

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What is a tree in the Mediterranean Basin hotspot?A critical analysis

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Forest Ecosystems 2019年第2期6卷 159-177页

作者： Frédéric Médail Anne-Christine Monnet Daniel Pavon Toni Nikolic Panayotis Dimopoulos gianluigi bacchetta Juan Arroyo Zoltán Barina Marwan Cheikh Albassatneh Gianniantonio Domina Bruno Fady Vlado Matevski Stephen Mifsud Agathe Leriche Aix Marseille Univ Avignon UnivCNRSIRDIMBE.Technopole de l’Arbois-Méditerranéecedex 4BP 8013 545 Aix-en-ProvenceFrance Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts Krste Misirkov 21000 SkopjeRepublic of Macedonia EcoGozo Regional Development Directorate-Ministry for GozoFlat 6Sunset Court BTriq MarsalfornXaghraGozoMalta Faculty of Science University of ZagrebHorvatovac 102aHR-10000 ZagrebCroatia Department of Biology Division of Plant BiologyLaboratory of BotanyUniversity of PatrasUniversity Campus26504 RioGreece Centro Conservazione Biodiversità Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’AmbienteUniversitàdegli Studi di CagliariViale S.Ignazio da Laconi1309123 CagliariItaly Departamento de Biologia Vegetal y Ecologia Universidad de SevillaApartado 109541080 SevillaSpain Department of Botany Hungarian Natural History MuseumPf.137Budapest 1431Hungary Sorbonne University IEES Bat 44-34cc 237.4Place JussieuParisFrance Department of Agriculture Food and Forest SciencesUniversity of PalermoViale delle Scienze bldg.490128 PalermoItaly INRA UR629Ecologie des forêts méditerranéennesAvignonFrance

Background: Tree species represent 20% of the vascular plant species worldwide and they play a crucial role in the global functioning of the biosphere. The Mediterranean Basin is one of the 36 world biodiversity hotspots, and it is estimated that forests covered 82% of the landscape before the first human impacts, thousands of years ago. However, the spatial distribution of the Mediterranean biodiversity is still imperfectly known, and a focus on tree species constitutes a key issue for understanding forest functioning and develop conservation strategies. Methods: We provide the first comprehensive checklist of all native tree taxa (species and subspecies) present in the Mediterranean-European region (from Portugal to Cyprus). We identified some cases of woody species difficult to categorize as trees that we further called "cryptic trees". We collected the occurrences of tree taxa by"administrative regions", i.e. country or large island, and by biogeographical provinces. We studied the species-area relationship, and evaluated the conservation issues for threatened taxa following IUCN criteria. Results: We identified 245 tree taxa that included 210 species and 35 subspecies, belonging to 33 families and 64 genera. It included 46 endemic tree taxa (30 species and 16 subspecies), mainly distributed within a single biogeographical unit. The countries with the highest tree richness are Greece (146 taxa), Italy (133), Albania (122), Spain (155), Macedonia (116), and Croatia (110). The species-area relationship clearly discriminated the richest central-eastern (Balkans) and northern (Alpine and Cevenno-Pyrenean) biogeographical provinces, against the five western provinces in the Iberian Peninsula. We identified 44 unrecognized "cryptic trees", representing 21% of the total trees. Among the 245 taxa identified, 19 are considered to be threatened (15 CR+EN+VU) or near threatened (4 NT) by IUCN. Conclusions: The Mediterranean-European region includes an unsuspectedly high nu

关键词： Plant biogeography Mediterranean region Threatened trees Tree definition Tree distributions

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