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Spatiotemporal variations of ozone exposure and its risks to vegetation and human health in Cyprus:an analysis across a gradient of altitudes

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journal of Forestry Research 2023年第3期34卷 579-594页

作者： Stefanos Agathokleous Costas jSaitanis Chrysanthos Savvides Pierre Sicard evgenios Agathokleous Alessandra De marco The Cyprus Institute NicosiaCyprus University of the Aegean MytileneLesvosGreece Agricultural University of Athens AthensGreece Department of labour Inspection Ministry of Labour and Social InsuranceNicosiaCyprus ARGANS 260 route du Pin MontardBiotFrance School of Applied Meteorology Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology(NUIST)Nanjing 210044People’s Republic of China National Agency for New Technologies Energy and Sustainable Economic DevelopmentRomeItaly

Ground-level ozone(O_(3)) aff ects vegetation and threatens environmental health when levels exceed critical values,above which adverse eff ects are *** is expected to be a hotspot for O_(3)concentrations due to its unique position in the eastern Mediterranean,receiving air masses from europe,African,and Asian continents,and experiencing a warm Mediterranean *** Cyprus,the spatiotemporal features of O_(3) are poorly understood and the potential risks for forest health have not been *** evaluated O_(3) and nitrogen oxides(NO and NO 2)at four regional background stations at different altitudes over 2014−2016.O_(3) risks to vegetation and human health were estimated by calculating accumulated O_(3)exposure over a threshold of 40 nmol mol^(−1)(AOT40)and cumulative exposure to mixing ratios above 35 nmol mol^(−1)(SOMO35)*** data reveal that mean O_(3)concentrations follow a seasonal pattern,with higher levels in spring(51.8 nmol mol^(−1))and summer(53.2 nmol mol^(−1))and lower levels in autumn(46.9 nmol mol^(−1))and winter(43.3 nmol mol^(−1)).The highest mean O_(3)exposure(59.5 nmol mol^(−1)) in summer occurred at the high elevation station ***(1819 m a.s.l.).Increasing(decreasing)altitudinal gradients were found for O_(3)(NO x),driven by summer–winter diff *** diurnal patterns of O_(3) showed little *** at the lowest altitude O_(3) displayed a typical O_(3) diurnal pattern,with hourly diff erences smaller than 15 nmol mol^(−1).Accumulated O_(3) exposures at all stations and in all years exceeded the european Union’s limits for the protection of vegetation,with average values of 3-month(limit:3000 nmol mol^(−1)h)and 6-month(limit:5000 nmol mol^(−1)h)AOT40 for crops and forests of 16,564 and 31,836 nmol mol^(−1)h,respectively.O_(3) exposures were considerably high for human health,with an average SOMO35 value of 7270 nmol mol^(−1) days across stations and *** results indicate that O_(3) is a major environm

关键词： Air pollution Ozone risk assessment exposure metrics Vegetation Human health

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exceptional thermal stability and enhanced hardness in a nanostructured Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr alloy processed by high pressure torsion

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journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第12期11卷 4589-4602页

作者： Wanting Sun Yang He Xiaoguang Qiao Xiaojun Zhao Houwen Chen Nong Gao marco j.Starink Mingyi Zheng School of Materials Science and engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China College of Materials Science and engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Materials Research Group School of EngineeringUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUnited Kingdom Center for Composite Materials and Structures Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Department of Industrial and Systems engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomHong KongChina

A Mg-8.2Gd-3.8Y-1.0Zn-0.4Zr(wt.%) alloy is processed by solution treatment and high pressure torsion(HPT) at room temperature to produce a nanostructured light material with high hardness. The stability of this alloy is subsequently tested through isochronal annealing for 0.5 h at 373 K to 673 K. The results reveal a thermal stability that is vastly superior to that of conventional Mg-based alloys processed by severe plastic deformation: the grain size remains at around 50 nm on heating to 573 K, and as the temperature is increased to 673 K,grain growth is restricted to within 500 nm. The stability of grain refinement of the present alloy/processing combination allowing grain size to be limited to 55 nm after exposure at 573 K, appears to be nearly one order of magnitude better than for the other SPD processed Mg-Re type alloys, and 2 orders of magnitude better than those of SPD processed Re-free Mg alloys. This superior thermal stability is attributed to formation of co-clusters near and segregation at grain boundaries, which cause a thermodynamic stabilization of grain size, as well as formation of β-Mg_(5)Re equilibrium phase at grain boundaries, which impede grain growth by the Zener pinning effect. The hardness of the nanostructured Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr alloy increases with increasing annealing temperature up to 573 K, which is quite different from the other SPD-processed Mg-based alloys. The high hardness of 136 HV after annealing at 573 K is mainly due to solute segregation and solute clustering at or near grain boundaries.

关键词： Mg-Re alloy High pressure torsion Thermal stability Grain growth Solute segregation Phase transformation

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Complete resection of the hepatic veins: The role of right inferior vein

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2018年第1期17卷 88-90页

作者： emanuele felli roberto l.meniconi marco colasanti giovanni vennarecci giuseppe m.ettorre division of general surgery and liver transplantation san camillo hospitalCirc.ne Gianicolense 87Rome 00152Italy

To the editor:In the recent years liver surgery has been dramatically improved because of technical and technological innovations,perioperative and intraoperative intensive care,better knowledge of liver physiology an... 详细信息

关键词： The role of right inferior vein Complete resection of the hepatic veins

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evaluation of Cladribine treatment in refractory celiac disease type Ⅱ

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第4期17卷 506-513页

作者： Greetje j Tack Wieke HM Verbeek Abdul Al-Toma Dirk j Kuik marco Wj Schreurs Otto Visser Chris jj Mulder Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology VU University Medical Center Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology St. Antonius Hospital Department of epidemiology and Biostatistics VU University Medical Center Department of Pathology VU University Medical Center Department of Haematology VU University Medical Center

AIM: To evaluate cladribine [2-chlorodeoxyadenosine (2-CdA)] therapy in refractory celiac disease (RCD) Ⅱ. MeTHODS: An open-label cohort-study of RCD Ⅱ patients treated with 2-CdA was performed between 2000 and 2010. Survival rate, enteropathy associated T-cell lymphoma (eATl) occurrence, clinical course, and histological and immunological response rates were evaluated. ReSUlTS: Overall, 32 patients were included with a median follow-up of 31 mo. eighteen patients responded well to 2-CdA. Patients responsive to 2-CdA had a statistically significant increased survival compared to those who were unresponsive. The overall 3- and 5-year survival was 83% in the responder and 63% and 22% in the non-responder group, respectively. The overall 2-year clinical, histological and immunological response rates were 81%, 47% and 41%, respectively. Progression into eATl was reported in 16%, all of these patients died. CONClUSION: Treatment of RCD Ⅱ with 2-CdA holds promise, showing excellent clinical and histological response rates, and probably less frequent transition into eATl.

关键词： Cladribine Refractory celiac disease Clinical course enteropathy associated T-cell lymphoma Survival

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Mapping and ultrastructure of antennal chemosensilla of the wheat bug eurygaster maura

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Insect Science 2009年第2期16卷 193-203页

作者： Roberto Romani marco Valerio Rossi Stacconi Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali Facolt& di Agraria Universit& degli Studi di Perugia Perugia Italy

Antennae of the wheat stink bug eurygaster maura l. （Hemiptera： Scutelleridae） were investigated to elucidate structure and distribution of antennal chemosensilla in females. Five type of sensilla were identified and characterized using a scanning electron microscope （seM） and a transmission electron microscope （TeM）. Type 1 sensilla are mechanical and contact chemoreceptors with a single apical pore. Types 2 and 3 sensilla are multiporous chemoreceptors both with typical features of olfactory sensilla. Type 4 are multiporous peg-like sensilla, short and with a grooved surface. Type 5 are sensilla coeloconica with a smooth and aporous peg completely inserted in a sub-cuticular chamber. All types are distributed on the two flagellar segments, but we considered only the apical flagellomere in which the largest number of sensilla are located. The most abundant sensilla are type 3, while the less numerous are type 5. All types, except type 2, decreased in number from the tip to the base of the segment. The lower density of sensilla was recorded on the dorsal-internal part of the apical antennomere, while the higher density was recorded on the opposite side （external-ventral）.

关键词： functional anatomy gustatory sensilla Hemiptera olfactory sensilla thermo-hygro receptors

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Analysis of jacking forces during pipe jacking in granular materials using particle methods

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Underground Space 2019年第4期4卷 277-288页

作者： Xinbo ji Pengpeng Ni marco Barla School of Civil engineering Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China School of Civil and environmental engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore The Fifth engineering Co. Ltd.of ChinaTiesiju Civil Engineering GroupJiujiang 332000China Department of Structural Geotechnical and Building EngineeringPolitecnico di TorinoTurinItaly

Trenchless technology is often used in congested urban areas or river crossings to install underground pipelines to minimize disturbance to surface traffic or other *** jacking is a typical technique applied to jack pipe segments between two working ***,the design of the jacking force is usually implemented using empirical *** should be emphasized that the jacking force will change for each site,depending on the magnitude of overcut,lubricants,work stoppages,geology and misalignment.A particle method is proposed to estimate the jacking force along the *** microparameters are calibrated for sandy soils in Shenyang,so that the macroscale material behavior can be reproduced using the particle ***,the normal force around the pipe circumference can be derived in the particle model,after which the interface friction coefficient is applied to evaluate the friction resistance mobilized at the soil-pipe interface.A modified Protodyakonov’s arch model can be used to assess the magnitude of earth pressure acting on the shield *** the end,the combination of friction resistance and face pressure provides the jacking *** efficacy of the proposed particle method is demonstrated by comparing calculated jacking forces with those measured in the field for three types of jacking machines in sandy soils under the Hun River,Shenyang.

关键词： Pipe jacking jacking force Particle methods Distinct element

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Determining relative block structure rating for rock erodibility evaluation in the case of non-orthogonal joint sets

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journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2019年第1期11卷 72-87页

作者： lamine Boumaiza Ali Saeidi marco Quirion Department of Applied Saences University of Quebec at Chicoutimi Hydro-Quebec

The most commonly used method for assessing the hydraulic erodibility of rock is Annandale's *** method is based on a correlation between the erosive force of flowing water and the capacity of rock resistance. This capacity is evaluated using Kirsten's index, which was initially developed to evaluate the excavatability of earth materials. For rocky material, this index is determined according to certain geomechanical factors related to intact rock and rock mass, such as compressive strength of intact rock, rock block size, discontinuity shear strength and relative block structure. To quantify the relative block structure, Kirsten(1982) developed a mathematical expression that accounts for the shape and orientation of the blocks relative to the direction of flow. Kirsten's initial concept for assessing the relative block structure considers that the geological formation is mainly fractured by two joint sets forming an orthogonally fractured system. An adjusted concept is proposed to determine the relative block structure when the fractured system is non-orthogonal where the angle between the planes of the two joint sets is greater or less than 90°. An analysis of the proposed relative block structure rating shows that considering a non-orthogonally fractured system has a significant effect on Kirsten's index and, as a consequence, on the assessment of the hydraulic erodibility of rock.

关键词： Fractured rock Dip angle Dip direction joint spacing Relative block structure Hydraulic erodibility of rock Annandale’s method Kirsten’s index

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A method to determine relevant geomechanical parameters for evaluating the hydraulic erodibility of rock

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journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2019年第5期11卷 1004-1018页

作者： lamine Boumaiza Ali Saeidi marco Quirion Département des Sciences appliquées Universitédu QuébecàChicoutimiChicoutimiG7H 2B1Canada expertise en barrages Direction Barrages et infrastructuresHydro-QuébecMontréalH2Z 1A4Canada

Among the methods used for evaluating the potential hydraulic erodibility of rock,the most common methods are those based on the correlation between the force of flowing water and the capacity of a rock to resist erosion,such as Annandale’s and Pells’*** capacity of a rock to resist erosion is evaluated based on erodibility indices that are determined from specific geomechanical parameters of a rock *** indices include unconfined compressive strength(UCS)of rock,rock block size,joint shear strength,a block’s shape and orientation relative to the direction of flow,joint openings,and the nature of the surface to be potentially ***,it is difficult to determine the relevant geomechanical parameters for evaluating the hydraulic erodibility of *** assessment of eroded unlined spillways of dams has shown that the capacity of a rock to resist erosion is not accurately *** more than 100 case studies,we develop a method to determine the relevant geomechanical parameters for evaluating the hydraulic erodibility of rock in unlined *** UCS of rock is found not to be a relevant parameter for evaluating the hydraulic erodibility of *** the other hand,we find that the use of three-dimensional(3D)block volume measurements,instead of the block size factor used in Annandale’s method,improves the rock block size ***,the parameter representing the effect of a rock block’s shape and orientation relative to the direction of flow,as considered in Pells’method,is more accurate than the parameter adopted by Annandale’s method.

关键词： Rock mass Hydraulic erodibility Geomechanical parameters Rock block size Annandale’s method Pells’method Kirsten’s index erosion level

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Ryanodine receptors as pharmacological targets for heart disease

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2007年第7期28卷 937-944页

作者： marco SANTONASTAS Xander H T WeHReNS Departments of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Departments of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Medieine(Cardiology) Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTexas 77030USA

Calcium release from intracellular stores plays an important role in the regulationof muscle contraction and electrical signals that determine the heart *** receptor （RyR） is the major calcium (Ca2+) release channel required forexcitation-contraction coupling in the *** studies have demonstratedthat RyR are macromolecular complexes comprising of 4 pore-forming channelsubunits,each of which is associated with regulatory *** andexperimental studies over the past 5 years have provided compelling evidencethat intracellular Ca2+release channels play a pivotal role in the development ofcardiac arrhythmias and heart *** in the channel regulation andsubunit composition are believed to cause diastolic calcium leakage from thesarcoplasmic reticulum,which could trigger arrhythmias and weaken ***,cardiac RyR have emerged as potential therapeutic tar-gets for the treatment of heart ***,there is a strong desire toidentify and/or develop novel pharmacological agents that may target these Ca2+signaling *** agents known to modulate RyR in the heart,and their potential application towards the treatment of heart disease are dis-cussed in this review.

关键词： arrhythmias calcium release channel heart failure pharmacology ryanodine receptor

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Catalytically active membranes for esterification:A review

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Chinese journal of Chemical engineering 2023年第1期53卷 142-154页

作者： Monique juna l.leite Ingrid Ramalho Marques Mariane Carolina Proner Pedro H.H.Araújo Alan Ambrosi marco Di luccio laboratory of Membrane Processes LABSEMDepartment of Chemical and Food EngineeringFederal University of Santa Catarina88040-970 FlorianópolisSCBrazil laboratory of Control and Polymerization Processes LCPDepartment of Chemical and Food EngineeringFederal University of Santa Catarina88040-970 FlorianópolisSCBrazil

esterification is an important process in the food industry and can be carried out via homogeneous or heterogeneous *** homogeneous catalyst,despite providing high conversion,can cause corrosion in reactors,which is not observed with the use of heterogeneous ***,some of these catalysts require a high process temperature and may lose their catalytic activity with ***,catalytic membranes have been proposed as a promising *** combination of catalysis and separation in a single module provides greater conversion,reduction of excess reagents,compact industrial plant,making the process more *** this context,this work aims to present a literature review on the catalytic membrane for the synthesis of esters,improving the understanding of the production and *** review examines the materials,catalysts used,and synthetic pathways.A comparison between the methods,as well as limitations and gaps in the literature,are highlighted.

关键词： Catalytic membrane esterification Optimization Pervaporation separation selectivity

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