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Simplified prediction models for acoustic installation effects of train-mounted equipment

Railway Engineering Science 2024年第2期32卷 125-143页

作者： David Thompson Dong Zhao giacomo squicciarini Institute of Sound and Vibration Research University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK

Acoustic models of railway vehicles in standstill and pass-by conditions can be used as part of a virtual certification process for new *** each piece of auxiliary equipment,the sound power measured on a test bench is combined with meas-ured or predicted transfer *** is important,however,to allow for installation effects due to shielding by fairings or the train *** the current work,fast-running analytical models are developed to determine these installation *** model for roof-mounted sources takes account of diffraction at the corner of the train body or fairing,using a barrier *** equipment mounted under the train,the acoustic propagation from the sides of the source is based on free-field Green’s *** bottom surfaces are assumed to radiate initially into a cavity under the train,which is modelled with a simple diffuse field *** sound emitted from the gaps at the side of the cavity is then assumed to propagate to the receivers according to free-field Green’s *** show good agreement with a 2.5D boundary element model and with *** uncertainty and parametric uncertainty are *** largest variability occurs due to the height and impedance of the ground,especially for a low *** leads to standard deviations of up to 4 dB at low *** the roof-mounted sources,uncertainty over the location of the corner used in the equivalent barrier model can also lead to large standard deviations.

关键词： Train noise Auxiliary equipment Acoustic installation effects Virtual certification Uncertainty

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The influence of reflections from the train body and the ground on the sound radiation from a railway rail

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Railway Sciences 2024年第1期3卷 1-17页

作者： David J.Thompson Dong Zhao Evangelos Ntotsios giacomo squicciarini Ester Cierco Erwin Jansen Institute of Sound and Vibration Research University of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK Ingenierıa para el Control del Ruido SL BarcelonaSpain TNO Acoustics and Sonar Den HaagThe Netherlands

Purpose – The vibration of the rails is a significant source of railway rolling noise, often forming the dominantcomponent of noise in the important frequency region between 400 and 2000 Hz. The purpose of the paper is toinvestigate the influence of the ground profile and the presence of the train body on the sound radiation fromthe ***/methodology/approach – Two-dimensional boundary element calculations are used, in which therail vibration is the source. The ground profile and various different shapes of train body are introduced in themodel, and results are observed in terms of sound power and sound pressure. Comparisons are also made withvibro-acoustic measurements performed with and without a train *** – The sound radiated by the rail in the absence of the train body is strongly attenuated by shieldingdue to the ballast shoulder. When the train body is present, the sound from the vertical rail motion is reflectedback down toward the track where it is partly absorbed by the ballast. Nevertheless, the sound pressure at thetrackside is increased by typically 0–5 dB. For the lateral vibration of the rail, the effects are much smaller. Oncethe sound power is known, the sound pressure with the train present can be approximated reasonably well withsimple line source ***/value – Numerical models used to predict the sound radiation from railway rails have generallyneglected the influence of the ground profile and reflections from the underside of the train body on the soundpower and directivity of the rail. These effects are studied in a systematic way including comparisons with measurements.

关键词： Rolling noise Sound radiation Railway track Boundary elements Ground reflections Directivity

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