Mixed cation strategy greatly benefits the enhancement of device performance and chemical ***,adverse impact also accompanies the mixed cation system *** brings the compositional instability,wherein the homogeneous fi...
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Mixed cation strategy greatly benefits the enhancement of device performance and chemical ***,adverse impact also accompanies the mixed cation system *** brings the compositional instability,wherein the homogeneous film is likely to segregate into multi-phases during the fabrication and ageing process,thus resulting in the efficiency reduction of perovskite solar cells(PSCs)*** review focuses on the cation induced phase segregation,and elucidates the segregation mechanisms from the perspectives of film formation and ageing process,***,the influence of cation segregation on device performance and operational stability are *** based on these understandings,viable strategies are proposed for the design of phase-stable mixed composition halide perovskites and for suppressing segregation to benefit its development towards commercial applications.
BACKGROUND Non-clear cell(ncc)metastatic renal-cell carcinoma(RCC)has dismal results with standard systemic therapies and a generally worse prognosis when compared to its clear-cell *** systemic combination therapies ...
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BACKGROUND Non-clear cell(ncc)metastatic renal-cell carcinoma(RCC)has dismal results with standard systemic therapies and a generally worse prognosis when compared to its clear-cell *** systemic combination therapies have emerged for metastatic RCC(mRCC),but the pivotal phase III trials excluded patients with nccRCC,which constitute about 30%of metastatic RCC *** To provide a piece of real-life evidence on the use of pazopanib in this patient *** The present study is a multicenter retrospective observational analysis aiming to assess the activity,efficacy,and safety of pazopanib as first-line therapy for advanced nccRCC patients treated in a real-life *** Overall,48 patients were *** the median follow-up of 40.6 mo,the objective response rate was 27.1%,the disease control rate was 83.3%,and the median progression-free survival and overall survival were 12.3(95%confidence interval[CI]:3.6-20.9)and 27.7(95%CI:18.2-37.1)mo,*** 3 adverse events occurred in 20%of patients,and no grade 4 or 5 toxicities were *** Pazopanib should be considered as a good first-line option for metastatic RCC with variant histology.
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