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Physiological but not morphological adjustments along latitudinal gradients in a human commensal species,the Eurasian tree sparrow

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Integrative Zoology 2023年第5期18卷 891-905页

作者： Qian ZHANG Mo LI Yuan YIN Shiyong GE Danjie LI Ibrahim M.AHMAD ghulam nabi Yanfeng SUN Xu LUO Dongming LI Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyCollege of Life SciencesHebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuangChina Key Laboratory for ConservingWildlife with Small Populations in Yunnan Faculty of Biodiversity and ConservationSouthwest Forestry UniversityKunmingChina Ocean College Hebei Agricultural UniversityQinhuangdaoChina Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environment Hebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuangChina

Human commensal species take advantage of anthropogenic conditions that are less likely to be challenged by the selective pressures of natural *** morphological and physiological phenotypes can therefore dissociate from habitat *** how these species adjust their morphological and physiological traits across latitudinal gradients is fundamental to uncovering the eco-physiological strategies underlying coping ***,we studied morphological traits in breeding Eurasian tree sparrows(ETSs;Passer montanus)among low-latitude(Yunnan and Hunan)and middle-latitude(Hebei)localities in *** then compared body mass;lengths of bill,tarsometatarsus,wing,total body,and tail feather;and baseline and capture stress-induced levels of plasma corticosterone(CORT)and the metabolites including glucose(Glu),total triglyceride(TG),free fatty acid(FFA),total protein,and uric acid(UA).None of the measured morphological parameters varied with latitude except in the Hunan population,which demonstrated longer bills than those in other ***-induced CORT levels significantly exceeded baseline levels and decreased with increasing latitude,but total integrated CORT levels did not vary with *** stress-induced significantly increased Glu levels and decreased TG levels,independent of ***,the Hunan population had significantly higher baseline CORT,baseline and stress-induced FFA levels,but lower UA levels,which differed from other *** results suggest that rather than morphological adjustments,physiological adjustments are mainly involved in coping mechanisms for middle-latitude adaptation in *** is worth investigating whether other avian species also exhibit such dissociation from external morphological designs while depending on physiological adjustments.

关键词： capture stress corticosterone human commensal species latitudinal gradients plasma metabolites

Seasonal variations in gonad morphology and hypothalamic GnRH-I and GnIH in Eurasian Tree Sparrow,a multi-brooded passerine

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Avian Research 2022年第3期13卷 369-378页

作者： Limin Wang ghulam nabi Li Zhang Dan Liu Mo Li Juyong Li Kaixin Shi Ibrahim M.Ahmad Yuefeng Wu John C.Wingfield Dongming Li Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology Key Laboratory of Animal PhysiologyBiochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei ProvinceCollege of Life SciencesHebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang050024China Department of Neurobiology Physiology and BehaviorUniversity of Californi1DavisCAUSA

The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal(HPG)axis ubiquitously regulates seasonal reproduction,following the rhythmicity of a suite of environmental *** display prominent seasonal variations in gonad size regulated by two hypothalamic peptides,gonadotropin-releasing hormone-1(GnRH-I)and gonadotropin-inhibiting hormone(GnIH).How multi-brooded avian species adjust GnRH-I and GnIH to regulate gonadal morphology seasonally remains largely ***,we studied the variations in the hypothalamic immunoreactivity(ir)of GnRH-I and GnIH,gonadal proliferation,and apoptosis in a typical multi-brooded species,the Eurasian Tree Sparrow(Passer montanus),across the pre-breeding(PB),first breeding(FB),second breeding(SB),pre-basic molt(PM),and wintering stages(WS).Our results showed that both sexes had higher preoptic area(POA)-GnRH-I-ir but lower paraventricular nucleus(PVN)-GnIH-ir neurons during the breeding stages(FB and SB)relative to other life-history stages,with no significant differences between two *** testes and ovaries were significantly larger during the breeding *** volume increased during the two broods due to anincreased diameter of seminiferous ***,there were more testicular apoptotic cells in PB and WS stages than in breeding stages,and in PB stage than in PM *** had higher POA-GnRH-I expression than females during the breeding stages,but both sexes had comparable PVN-GnIH expression throughout the annual *** sexes of the sparrows may undergo a similar pattern of life-history stage-dependent variation in the hypothalamic GnRH-I,GnIH,and gonadal morphology,except that during breeding stages,males may display higher expression of POA-GnRH-I relative to *** higher expression of POA-GnRH-I-ir in breeding male sparrows may be critical for male-dependent parental care.

关键词： Eurasian Tree Sparrow Gonads Hypothalamus Reproduction Seasonality

Comparative study of probable maximum precipitation and isohyetal maps for mountainous regions, Pakistan

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2018年第1期10卷 55-68页

作者： Muhammad Waseem Boota ghulam nabi Tanveer Abbas Hui Jun Jin Ayesha Yousaf Muhammad Azeem Boota Department of Technology (Civil) The University of Lahore Centre of Excellence in Water Resources Engineering University of Engineering and Technology Lahore State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soils Engineering Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Engineering & Technology Lahore Department of Agricultural Engineering The University of Agriculture Faisalabad

Probable maximum precipitation(PMP) is widely used by hydrologists for appraisal of probable maximum flood(PMF)used for soil and water conservation structures, and design of dam spillways. A number of methods such as empirical, statistical and dynamic are used to estimate PMP, the most favored being statistical and hydro-meteorological. In this paper,PMP estimation in mountainous regions of Pakistan is studied using statistical as well as physically based hydro-meteorological approaches. Daily precipitation, dew point, wind speed and temperature data is processed to estimate PMP for a one-day duration. Maximum precipitation for different return periods is estimated by using statistical approaches such as Gumble and Log-Pearson type-III(LP-III) distribution. Goodness of fit(GOF) test, chi-square test, correlation coefficient and coefficient of determination were applied to Gumble and LP-III distributions. Results reveal that among statistical approaches, Gumble distribution performed the best result compared to LP-III distribution. Isohyetal maps of the study area at different return periods are produced by using the GIS tool, and PMP in mountainous regions varies from 150 to 320 mm at an average value of 230.83 mm. The ratio of PMP for one-day duration to highest observed rainfall(HOR) varied from 1.08 to 1.29 with an average value of 1.18. An appropriate frequency factor(K_m) is very important which is a function of mean for observed precipitation and PMP for 1-day duration, and K_m values varies from 2.54 to 4.68. The coefficient of variability(C_v) varies from minimum value of 28% to maximum value of 43.35%. It was concluded that the statistical approach gives higher results compared to moisture maximization(MM) approach. In the hydro-meteorological approach, moisture maximization(MM) and wind moisture maximization(WMM) techniques were applied and it was concluded that wind moisture maximization approach gives higher results of PMP as compared to moisture maximiz

关键词： PMP Hershfield method Gumble and LP-III method Hydro-meteorological approaches Goodness of fit(GOF) tests

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不同地区来源的稻曲病菌多态性和致病性分析

不同地区来源的稻曲病菌多态性和致病性分析

作者： ZEESHAN ghulam nabi GISHKORI 四川农业大学

学位级别：硕士

稻曲病(RFS)是一种由活体营养型病原真菌Ustilaginoidea virens引起的穗部病害,该病害严重威胁稻米品质和水稻产量。RFS的典型症状是稻曲球的形成,稻曲球产生的毒素还对人畜有害。RFS的主要侵染源是菌核和厚垣孢子,它们在水稻孕穗末期... 详细信息

稻曲病(RFS)是一种由活体营养型病原真菌Ustilaginoidea virens引起的穗部病害,该病害严重威胁稻米品质和水稻产量。RFS的典型症状是稻曲球的形成,稻曲球产生的毒素还对人畜有害。RFS的主要侵染源是菌核和厚垣孢子,它们在水稻孕穗末期进攻发育中的颖花引起病害。温度、湿度、氮素、播期等环境因子对稻曲病的严重程度有显著影响。病原菌遗传多样性是反应病原菌进化、准确预测病原菌引起病害发生和流行趋势、采取相应防治措施的重要依据。在我们的研究中,从4个不同地点收集了不同水稻品种上的稻曲球,分别来源于四川温江的感病水稻蒲江6号和08R2394、四川崇州的蒲江6号、四川羊马的蒲江6号和中抗材料雅恢2115、尼泊尔的感病水稻品种。然后,从每个稻曲球分离一个单孢菌株,用于遗传多样性分析。本研究共分离得到324个单孢菌株,其中四川温江蒲江6号来源55个、四川温江08R2394来源65个、四川崇州蒲江6号来源117个、四川羊马蒲江6号来源51个、四川羊马雅恢2115来源22个、尼泊尔来源15个。利用SNP分子标记分析这324个单孢菌株并构建进化树。结果显示,这些菌株主要被划分为8个簇,包含40种不同的单倍型。其中,崇州来源的菌株主要分布在第I、VI、VII簇,温江来源的菌株主要分布在第IV、V、VI簇,羊马来源的菌株主要分布在第I、II簇,尼泊尔来源的菌株全部分布在第VIII簇。从蒲江6号分离的菌株,依据取样地点不同而聚在不同簇,如温江来源的主要分布在第V、VI簇,羊马来源的在第I、II簇,而崇州来源的在第I、VI、VII簇。说明稻曲病菌遗传多样性具有较强的地域特点。针对同一地区不同感病水稻材料来源的菌株,即温江蒲江6号和温江08R2494,前者主要分布在第V、VI簇,后者主要在第IV、VI簇;针对同一地区不同抗感水稻材料来源的菌株,即羊马蒲江6号和羊马雅恢2115,前者主要分布在第I、II簇,后者主要在第I簇;说明同一地区不同水稻材料(不论稻曲病抗感性)来源的菌株具有很高的遗传相似性。此外,纵观四川三地来源的菌株,第I、VI、VII簇为优势簇。核苷酸多态性、Tajima’s D检验、Fu-Li(D-F)检验等分析进一步表明,稻曲病菌遗传多样性具有明显的地区差异。从8个不同簇中选择25个稻曲病菌菌株接种蒲江6号和Q455进行致病力分析,发现来源于各个簇的代表菌株都能或多或少地产生稻曲球。但也有部分菌株没能成功结球,如来源于第VIII簇的2个菌株,第VI簇的5个菌株,第III簇和第V簇中各有1个菌株。其中,第VII簇的菌株致病力普遍较强,它们分属单倍型5、7、8和12;说明稻曲菌致病性可能存在菌株特异性,与环境和品种存在相互作用。综上所述,本文主要对四川3个不同地点和泥泊尔的稻曲病菌遗传多样性和致病性进行了初步分析,其实验设计策略与前人报道的不同,主要表现为:从不同地点相同高感水稻材料上分离稻曲病菌,避免不同水稻品种产生对稻曲病菌群体的差异选择;每个稻曲球只分离一个单孢菌株,尽可能获得更丰富的遗传多样性;对不同遗传类群的稻曲病菌进行致病力分析,有助于明确田间优势致病群。该研究的主要结论为:稻曲病菌的遗传多样性具有很强的区域特点,暗示大气传播可能不是稻曲病流行发生的主要原因;从感病材料上分离的菌株可能对该材料没有致病力,暗示自然环境中稻曲病菌不同菌株存在混合侵染的方式。

关键词：稻曲病菌单核苷酸多态性标记遗传多样性进化树致病性

Uncertainty analysis of runoff and sedimentation in a forested watershed using sequential uncertainty fitting method

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2016年第4期8卷 297-310页

作者： Tanveer Abbas ghulam nabi Muhammad W.Boota Fiaz Hussain Muhammad I.Azam HuiJun Jin Muhammad Faisal Centre of Excellence in Water Resources Engineering University of Engineering and Technology Lahore State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soils Engineering Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences

The Soil and Water Assessment Tool （SWAT） was implemented in a small forested watershed of the Soan River Basin innorthern Pakistan through application of the sequential uncertainty fitting （SUFI-2） method to investigate the associateduncertainty in runoff and sediment load estimation. The model was calibrated for a 10-year period （1991–2000） with aninitial 4-year warm-up period （1987–1990）, and was validated for the subsequent 10-year period （2001–2010）. Themodel evaluation indices R2 （the coefficient of determination）, NS （the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency）, and PBIAS （percentbias） for stream flows simulation indicated that there was a good agreement between the measured and simulated *** assess the uncertainty in the model outputs, p-factor （a 95% prediction uncertainty, 95PPU） and r-factors （averagewideness width of the 95PPU band divided by the standard deviation of the observed values） were taken into *** 95PPU band bracketed 72% of the observed data during the calibration and 67% during the validation. The r-factorwas 0.81 during the calibration and 0.68 during the validation. For monthly sediment yield, the model evaluation coefficients（R2 and NS） for the calibration were computed as 0.81 and 0.79, respectively; for validation, they were 0.78and 0.74, respectively. Meanwhile, the 95PPU covered more than 60% of the observed sediment data during calibrationand validation. Moreover, improved model prediction and parameter estimation were observed with the increasednumber of iterations. However, the model performance became worse after the fourth iterations due to an unreasonableparameter estimation. Overall results indicated the applicability of the SWAT model with moderate levels of uncertaintyduring the calibration and high levels during the validation. Thus, this calibrated SWAT model can be used for assessmentof water balance components, climate change studies, and land use management practices.

关键词： hydrological modeling uncertainty analysis SWAT model the Soan River Basin SUFI-2 method

The rice miR171b–SCL6-IIs module controls blast resistance,grain yield,and flowering

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The Crop Journal 2022年第1期10卷 117-127页

作者： Yan Li Ying Tong Xiaorong He Yong Zhu Tingting Li Xiaoyu Lin Wei Mao Zeeshan ghulam nabi Gishkori Zhixue Zhao Jiwei Zhang Yanyan Huang Mei Pu Jing Fan Jing Wang Wenming Wang State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina Rice Research Institute and Key Lab for Major Crop Diseases Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina

Micro RNAs(mi RNAs)act as regulators of plant development and multiple stress *** we demonstrate that the rice mi R171 b-SCL6-IIs module regulates the balance between blast resistance,grain yield,and *** R171 b-overexpressing rice plants(OX171 b)displayed increased rice blast resistance accompanied with enhanced defense responses and late heading,whereas blocking mi R171 b expression in rice(MIM171)led to greater susceptibility to blast disease,associated with compromised defense responses and early *** overexpressing or silencing of mi R171 b significantly affected plant height and number of filled seeds per panicle(seed-setting rate),resulting in decreased grain *** R171 b targets SCL6-IIa,SCL6-IIb,and SCL6-IIc,whose expression was suppressed in OX171 b but increased in *** of SCL6-IIa,SCL6-IIb,and SCL6-IIc all displayed phenotypes like that of OX171 b,including markedly increased blast disease resistance,slightly decreased grain yield,and delayed *** of mi R171 b increased gradually in leaves during the vegetative stage but decreased gradually in panicles during the reproductive stage,whereas SCL6-IIs displayed the reverse expression ***,these results suggest that the expression of mi R171 b was time-and space-dependent during the rice growth period and regulated the balance between rice blast disease resistance,grain yield,and flowering via SCL6-IIs,and that appropriate accumulation of mi R171 b is essential for rice development.

关键词： miR171b SCL6-IIs Blast disease resistance Yield trait Flowering

Endoscopic transgastric fenestration versus percutaneous drainage for management of(peri)pancreatic fluid collections adjacent to gastric wall(with video)

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第40期29卷 5557-5565页

作者： Hong-Mei Zhang Hui-Ting Ke Md Robin Ahmed Ya-Juan Li ghulam nabi Mu-Han Li Ji-Yu Zhang Dan Liu Li-Xia Zhao Bing-Rong Liu Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450000Henan ProvinceChina Department of Ultrasound Ezhou Central HospitalEzhou 436099Hubei ProvinceChina Institute of Nature Conservation Polish Academy of SciencesKrakow 31120Poland State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052Henan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Percutaneous drainage(PCD)and endoscopic approaches have largely replaced surgical drainage as the initial approach for(peri)pancreatic fluid collections(PFC)s,while complications associated with endoscopic stent implantation are *** To introduce a novel endoscopic therapy named endoscopic transgastric fenestration(ETGF),which involves resection of tissue by endoscopic accessory between gastric and PFCs without stent implantation,and to evaluate its efficacy and safety compared with PCD for the management of PFCs adjacent to the gastric *** Patients diagnosed with PFCs adjacent to the gastric wall and who subsequently received ETGF or PCD were restrospectively *** for intervention were consistent with related *** analyzed patients baseline characteristics,technical and clinical success rate,recurrence and reintervention rate,procedure-related complications and adverse *** Seventy-two eligible patients were retrospectively identified(ETGF=34,PCD=38)from October 2017 to May *** in the ETGF group had a significantly higher clinical success rate than those in the PCD group(97.1 vs 76.3%,P=0.01).There were no statistically significant differences regarding recurrence,reintervention and incidence of complication between the two *** long-term catheter drainage was very common in the PCD *** Compared with PCD,ETGF has a higher clinical success rate in the management of PFCs adjacent to the gastric *** is an alternative effective strategy for the treatment of PFCs adjacent to the gastric wall.

关键词： (Peri)Pancreatic fluid collections Endoscopic transgastric fenestration Percutaneous drainage

The rice miR171b–SCL6-IIs module controls blast resistance, grain yield,and flowering

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