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Finite-temperature ductility-brittleness and electronic structures of Al_(n)sc(n=1,2 and 3)

Rare Metals 2024年第8期43卷 3974-3989页

作者： Xue-Qian Wang Ying Zhao Hao-Xuan Liu shu-Chen sun Hong-Bo Yang Jia-Min Zhong Gan-Feng Tu song Li Yu-Dong Zhang Claude Esling Hai-le Yan Liang Zuo Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials(Ministry of Education) School of Material Science and EngineeringNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China school of Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Rare Earth Functional Materials(Xiong'an)Innovation Center Co. Ltd.Xiong'an 071700China Laboratoire d'étude des Microstructures et de Mécanique des Matériaux(leM3) Unikersitéde Lorraine57045MetzFrance

Finite-temperature ductility-brittleness and electronic structures of Al_(3)sc,Al_(2)sc and Alsc are studied comparatively by first-principles calculations and ab initio molecular *** show that Al_(3)sc and Al_(2)sc are brittle at both ground state and finite temperatures,while Alsc possesses a significantly superior *** ground state,Alsc is ductile from Pugh's and Poisson's criteria,while it is brittle in Pettifor's *** ductility of all Al_(3)sc,Al_(2)sc and AIsc improves greatly with the elevated ***,the Cauchy pressure of Alsc undergoes a transition from negative to *** T>600 K,Alsc is unequivocally classified as ductile from all criteria *** all compounds,the Al-Al bond originated from s-p and p-p orbital hybridizations,and the Al-sc bond dominated by p-d covalent hybridization,are the first and second strongest chemical bonds,*** explain the difference in mechanical properties,the mean bond strength(MBs)is introduced in this *** weaker Al-Al bond in Alsc,leading to a smaller MBs,could be the origin of the softer elastic stiffness and superior intrinsic *** longer length of the Al-Al bond in Alsc is responsible for its weaker bond ***,the enhanced metallicity of the Al-Al bond in Alsc would also contribute to its exceptional *** longer length of the Al-Al bond in AIsc is responsible for its weaker bond ***,the enhanced metallicity of the Al-Al bond in Alsc would also contribute to its exceptional ductility.

关键词： Al-sc Target materials Intrinsic ductility Finite-temperature elastic constant First-principles calculation

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Rainfall Dynamics and Landslides in Urban Areas of Gabon: The Case of Libreville-Est (Gabon)

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第8期12卷 239-264页

作者： Jospin lewis Backita Moussounda André Géraud le Brun Bivegue-Bivegue Fern Lièle Mboumbou Makanga Jean Damien Maloba Makanga Department of Environmental and Marine Geographic sciences Faculty of Arts and Humanities Omar Bongo University Laboratory of Spatial Analysis and Tropical Environments Libreville Gabon

Due to its abundant rainfall, the city of Libreville, which concentrates more than half of Gabon’s population, is frequently confronted with the impacts of natural disasters such as floods and landslides. This study attempts to identify the complex relationships between the dynamics of land use and the role of rainfall in the occurrence of landslides. On the one hand, it uses statistics on landslides compiled from information taken from general news bulletins and, on the other, daily rainfall data obtained from the National Meteorological Department. The study revealed that the Libreville East sector, dominated by Mount Nkol Ogoum, one of Libreville’s most prominent landforms, is affected by a land-use dynamic in which human settlement has been progressing for some thirty years, to the detriment of the original vegetation which, among other things, helped to stabilise the soil on the hillsides and the marshy areas at the foot of the slopes. The result is not only an uncontrolled occupation of the land, but also a major landslide every two years in this part of the city, causing significant loss of life and property. However, an analysis of the time series shows little rainfall variability, marked in particular by a predominance of negative anomalies, and the occurrence of a few exceptional daily rainfall peaks. similarly, the period from 20 October to 20 November, which receives the most rainfall, also appears to be the most conducive to landslides.

关键词： Libreville Land Use Rainfall Natural Hazards Landslide

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NLRP3 activation in macrophages promotes acute intestinal injury in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期20卷 153-164页

作者： Bo shi Cheng-Jie Lyu Zhen-Kai le Hao-sen Ji Yi Xiao Yuan-Yuan Zhang shou-Jiang Huang Lin-Jun Yu Qiang shu Jin-Fa Tou Deng-Ming Lai Department of Neonatal surgery Children’s HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Child HealthHangzhou 310052China Department of Pulmonology Children’s HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Child HealthHangzhou 310052China Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular surgery Children’s HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Child HealthHangzhou 310052China

Background Macrophages are involved in various immune inflammatory disease *** study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of macrophages in regulating acute intestinal injury in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC).Methods CD68,nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain,leucine-rich repeat,and pyrin domain-containing 3(NLRP3),cysteine aspartate-specific protease-1(caspase-1),and interleukin-1β(IL-1β)in paraffin sections of intestinal tissues from NEC and control patients were detected with immunohistochemistry,immunofluorescence,and western *** pet milk,hypoxia and cold stimulation were used to establish a mouse(wild type and Nlrp3^(-/-))model of *** mouse macrophage(RAW 264.7)and rat intestinal epithelial cell-6 lines were also cultured followed by various ***,intestinal epithelial cell injuries,and IL-1β release were *** Compared to the gut“healthy”patients,the intestinal lamina propria of NEC patients had high macrophage infiltration and high NLRP3,caspase-1,and IL-1β ***,in vivo,the survival rate of Nlrp3^(-/-)NEC mice was dramatically improved,the proportion of intestinal macrophages was reduced,and intestinal injury was decreased compared to those of wild-type NEC ***3,caspase-1,and IL-1β derived from macrophages or supernatant from cocultures of macrophages and intestinal epithelial cells also caused intestinal epithelial cell *** Macrophage activation may be essential for NEC ***3/caspase-1/IL-1β cellular signals derived from macrophages may be the underlying mechanism of NEC development,and all these may be therapeutic targets for developing treatments for NEC.

关键词： Caspase-1 Interleukin-1β Macrophage Necrotizing enterocolitis NLRP3

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Exploring the effects of dietary inulin in rainbow trout fed a high‑starch,100%plant‑based diet

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 713-732页

作者： Raphaël Defaix Jep Lokesh Laura Frohn Mickael le Bechec Thierry Pigot Vincent Veron Anne surget sandra Biasutti Frederic Terrier sandrine skiba-Cassy Jerome Roy stephane Panserat Karine Ricaud Universite de Pau Et Des Pays de L’Adour E2S UPPAINRAENUMEASaint‑Pee‑Sur‑NivelleFrance Universite de Pau Et Des Pays de L’Adour E2S UPPACNRSIMT Mines AlesIPREMPauFrance Universite de Pau Et Des Pays de L’Adour E2S UPPAIUT des Pays de l’AdourDepartement Genie BiologiqueMont de MarsanFrance.

Background High dietary carbohydrates can spare protein in rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)but may affect growth and ***,a prebiotic,could have nutritional and metabolic effects,along with anti-inflammatory properties in teleosts,improving growth and *** tested this hypothesis in rainbow trout by feeding them a 100%plant-based diet,which is a viable alternative to fishmeal and fish oil in aquaculture *** a two-factor design,we examined the impact of inulin(2%)as well as the variation in the carbohydrates(CHO)/plant protein ratio on rainbow *** assessed the influence of these factors on zootechnical parameters,plasma metabolites,gut microbiota,production of short-chain fatty acids and lactic acid,as well as the expression of free-fatty acid receptor genes in the mid-intestine,intermediary liver metabolism,and immune markers in a 12-week feeding *** The use of 2%inulin did not significantly change the fish intestinal microbiota,but interestingly,the high CHO/protein ratio group showed a change in intestinal microbiota and in particular the beta diversity,with 21 bacterial genera affected,including Ralstonia,Bacillus,and 11 lactic-acid producing *** were higher levels of butyric,and valeric acid in groups fed with high CHO/protein diet but not with *** high CHO/protein group showed a decrease in the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines(il1b,il8,and tnfa)in liver and a lower expression of the genes coding for tight-junction proteins in mid-intestine(tjp1a and tjp3).However,the 2%inulin did not modify the expression of plasma immune ***,inulin induced a negative effect on rainbow trout growth performance irrespective of the dietary *** With a 100%plant-based diet,inclusion of high levels of carbohydrates could be a promising way for fish nutrition in aquaculture through a protein sparing effect whereas the supplementation of 2%inulin does not appear to improve the use of CHO wh

关键词： Aquaculture Fish nutrition Gut microbiota Immune markers Intermediary metabolism Inulin Prebiotic Rainbow trout short-chain fatty acids

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Delivery room resuscitation intensity and associated neonatal outcomes of 24^(+0)-31^(+6) weeks'preterm infants in China:a retrospective cross-sectional study

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第1期20卷 64-72页

作者： si-Lu Wang Chun Chen Xin-Yue Gu Zhao-Qing Yin le su si-Yuan Jiang Yun Cao Li-Zhong Du Jian-Hua sun Jiang-Qin Liu Chuan-Zhong Yang Department of Neonatology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal MedicineShanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic OncologyShanghai First Maternity and Infant HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityNo.2699Gaoke Western RoadPudong DistrictShanghai 201204China Department of Neonatology Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityNo.2004Hongli RoadFutian DistrictShenzhen 518028China NHC Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases Fudan UniversityChildren's Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Neonatology People's Hospital of DehongKunming Medical UniversityDehongChina Department of Neonatology Children's Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Neonatology Children's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Department of Neonatology Shanghai Children's Medical CenterSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina

Background The aim of this study was to review current delivery room(DR)resuscitation intensity in Chinese tertiary neonatal intensive care units and to investigate the association between DR resuscitation intensity and short-term outcomes in preterm infants born at 24+0_31+6 weeks gestation age(GA).Methods This was a retrospective cross-sectional *** source population was infants born at 24+0_31+6 weeks'GA who were enrolled in the Chinese Neonatal Network 2019 *** infants were categorized into five groups:(1)regular care;(2)oxygen supplementation and/or continuous positive airway pressure(O2/CPAP);(3)mask ventilation;(4)endotracheal intubation;and(5)cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR).The association between DR resuscitation and shortterm outcomes was evaluated by inverse propensity score-weighted logistic *** Of 7939 infants included in this cohort,2419(30.5%)received regular care,1994(25.1%)received O,/CPAP,1436(18.1%)received mask ventilation,1769(22.3%)received endotracheal intubation,and 321(4.0%)received CPR in the *** maternal age and maternal hypertension correlated with a higher need for resuscitation,and antenatal steroid use tended to be associated with a lower need for resuscitation(Psevere brain impairment increased significantly with increasing amounts of resuscitation in DR after adjusting for perinatal *** strategies vary widely between centers,with over 50%of preterm infants in eight centers requiring higher intensity *** Increased intensity of DR interventions was associated with increased mortality and morbidities in very preterm infants in *** is wide variation in resuscitative approaches across delivery centers,and ongoing quality improvement to standardize resuscitation practices is needed.

关键词： Cardiopulmonary resuscitation Delivery room Endotracheal intubation Neonatal resuscitation Preterm

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新时期地方争创高水平实验室路径转换与高质量发展策略研究

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科学学与科学技术管理 2024年第5期45卷 41-59页

作者：张乐张军广东省科技图书馆(广东省科学院信息研究所) 广州510070

省(直辖市、自治区)实验室等高水平实验室是地方争创国家科技战略力量的重大探索。作为培育国家实验室“预备队”的生力军,部分成效显著的高水平实验室成为首批挂牌国家实验室的承载单位。在首批国家实验室已挂牌十多家、高水平实验室... 详细信息

省(直辖市、自治区)实验室等高水平实验室是地方争创国家科技战略力量的重大探索。作为培育国家实验室“预备队”的生力军,部分成效显著的高水平实验室成为首批挂牌国家实验室的承载单位。在首批国家实验室已挂牌十多家、高水平实验室超百家的情境下,如何在新时期进行路径转换实现提质增效是全国各地高水平实验室面临的战略性问题。基于此背景,以高水平实验室为研究对象,梳理国家“自上而下”探索建设试点国家实验室、地方“自下而上”争创国家实验室“预备队”、“上下联动”组建首批国家实验室的发展历程,归纳高水平实验室建设中体制机制等方面的实践、创新及问题,并提出其在新时期建的策略:一是明确战略定位,形成战略→战术→产业导向型的“金字塔结构”高水平实验室梯次发展体系;二是建立权责清晰、财力协调的科学治理模式;三是加强实体建设,落实相对独立的科研实体地位,强化自主创新能力;四是从制度、基建、协同等维度,优化创新体系。

关键词：省实验室高水平实验室国家实验室路径转换策略研究

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美国赠地大学农业试验站科研创新体制机制研究——以佛罗里达农业试验站为例

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实验技术与管理 2024年第9期41卷 270-278页

作者：张乐广东省科技图书馆(广东省科学院信息研究所) 广东广州510070

该文在概述赠地大学及其附属农业试验站的历史和发展的基础上,以佛罗里达农业试验站为代表案例,从资助体系、人才培养、产学研结合、体系创新方面,探讨了赠地大学农业试验站科研创新体制机制,最后提出了科研机构建设提升路径的建议:重... 详细信息

该文在概述赠地大学及其附属农业试验站的历史和发展的基础上,以佛罗里达农业试验站为代表案例,从资助体系、人才培养、产学研结合、体系创新方面,探讨了赠地大学农业试验站科研创新体制机制,最后提出了科研机构建设提升路径的建议:重视投入制度保障、聚焦地方产业发展;汇聚与培养领军人才和优秀青年人才;创新体制机制探索合理的成果分配与科研可持续性;塑造协调开放的创新网络。以期为我国新型科研组织与平台的四链(创新链、产业链、资金链、人才链)融合、产业和科技互促双强等机制体制问题提供参考。

关键词：赠地大学农业试验站创新体制机制

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serum urate is associated with an increased risk of inflammatory bowel disease: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第5期12卷 891-902页

作者： song Zhang Xue Fang le Kang Xiang-Yu sui Miao Liu Yu-Jia Luo shuo Fu Zhao-shen Li sheng-BingZhao Yu Bai Department of Gastroenterology Changhai HospitalShanghai 200433China Department of Gastroenterology Changhai HospitalSecond Military Medical University/Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Digestive Endoscopy Center Changhai HospitalNaval/Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases Shanghai 200433China

BACKGROUND Previous studies have indicated bidirectional associations between urate levels and inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),including ulcerative colitis(UC)and Crohn’s disease(CD).However,it remains unclear whether the observations are causal because of confounding *** To investigate the causal associations between urate levels and IBD using bidirec-tional Mendelian randomization(MR).METHODs Independent genetic variants for urate levels and IBD were selected as instru-mental variables from published genome-wide association studies(GWAss).summary statistics for instrument-outcome associations were retrieved from three separate databases for IBD(the UK Biobank,the FinnGen database and a large GWAs meta-analysis)and one for urate levels(a large GWAs meta-analysis).MR analyses included the inverse-variance-weighted method,weighted-median estimator,MR-Egger and sensitivity analyses(MR-PREssO).A meta-analysis was also conducted to merge the data from separate outcome databases using a fixed-effects *** Genetically higher serum urate levels were strongly associated with an increased risk of UC[odds ratio(OR):1.95,95%confidence interval(CI):1.86-2.05]after outlier correction,and the ORs(95%CIs)for IBD and CD were 0.94(95%CI:0.86-1.03)and 0.91(95%CI:0.80-1.04),*** studies have confirmed the positive association between urate levels and ***,genetically predicted IBD was inversely related to urate levels(OR:0.97,95%CI:0.94-0.99).However,no association was observed between genetically influenced UC or CD and urate *** Urate levels might be risk factors for UC,whereas genetically predicted IBD was inversely associated with urate *** findings provide essential new insight for treating and preventing IBD.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Urate levels Antioxidant Mendelian randomization single nucleotide polymorphism

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Generation of orbital angular momentum hologram using a modified U-net

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第3期33卷 401-407页

作者：郑志刚韩菲菲王乐赵生妹 Institute of signal Processing and Transmission Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210003China Key Laboratory of Broadband Wireless Communication and sensor Network Technology (Ministry of Education) Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210003China National Laboratory of solid state Microstructures Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

Orbital angular momentum(OAM)holography has become a promising technique in information encryption,data storage and opto-electronic computing,owing to the infinite topological charge of one single OAM mode and the orthogonality of different OAM *** this paper,we propose a novel OAM hologram generation method based on a densely connected U-net(DCU),where the densely connected convolution blocks(DCB)replace the convolution blocks of the ***,the reconstruction process of the OAM hologram is integrated into DCU as its output layer,so as to eliminate the requirement to prepare training data for the OAM hologram,which is required by conventional neural networks through an iterative *** experimental and simulation results show that the OAM hologram can rapidly be generated with the well-trained DCU,and the reconstructed image's quality from the generated OAM hologram is significantly improved in comparison with those from the Gerchberg-saxton generation method,the Gerchberg-saxton based generation method and the U-net *** addition,a 10-bit OAM multiplexing hologram scheme is numerically demonstrated to have a high capacity with OAM hologram.

关键词： orbital angular momentum(OAM) holography OAM holography deep learning

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新型农业经营主体生存动态演化的时空格局及其影响因素

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地理科学进展 2024年第1期43卷 47-62页

作者：麦强盛李乐西南林业大学会计学院昆明650233 西南林业大学经济管理学院昆明650233

研判新型农业经营主体发展的外部环境、内生动力和演化趋势,增强农业农村发展新动能,是关系中国农业农村现代化的重大战略。论文基于2000—2022年农业农村部公布的农业产业化国家重点龙头企业、全国农民合作社和家庭农场典型案例名单以... 详细信息

研判新型农业经营主体发展的外部环境、内生动力和演化趋势,增强农业农村发展新动能,是关系中国农业农村现代化的重大战略。论文基于2000—2022年农业农村部公布的农业产业化国家重点龙头企业、全国农民合作社和家庭农场典型案例名单以及中国农业企业黄页中的新型农业经营主体相关数据,通过空间计量分析和生存分析,探究其生存的空间格局及其影响因素。研究发现:①新型农业经营主体进入和退出农业市场的数量呈现倒“U”型曲线,实存数量呈逐渐上升的状态。②新型农业经营主体的生存时间在区域间形成差异化格局,高—高集聚区主要集中在中东部地区。③“个体特征和创新能力”因素对新型农业经营主体生存时间有正向影响,“阶段演变”对其生存时间有负向影响。④随着成立阶段的推移,新型农业经营主体资产规模和关联经济组织数量对其生存时间的影响作用逐渐下降,地理区域因素影响作用也逐渐减弱。研究结论可为新型农业经营主体生存分析提供实证依据,为分析其发展演化的地理特征提供借鉴参考。

关键词：新型农业经营主体生存时间时序格局阶段演变

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