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Prevalence and Genotyping of Human Papillomavirus among Women in the Departments of Niari and Bouenza, Republic of the Congo

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2022年第1期10卷 64-77页

作者： Parfait Christy Nganga Luc Magloire Anicet Boumba Candyse Paola Lemba Tsimba Franck Gaëtan loubanou Tchibinda Roch Bredin Bissala Nkounkou Eben Ebatetou Ataboho ghislain loubano-voumbi Donatien Moukassa Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université Marien NGOUABI Brazzaville Congo Laboratoire d’Analyses Médicales et Morphologiques H&ocirc pital Général de Loandjili Pointe-Noire Congo Zone de Recherche de Pointe-Noire Institut National de Recherche en Science de la Santé (IRSSA) Pointe-Noire Congo Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université Marien NGOUABI Brazzaville Congo

Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are at the origin of many mucosal, benign or malignant skin pathologies. Some so-called high-risk genotypes, especially types 16 and 18, are involved in the genesis of cervical cancer, one of the most common cancers in women. To determine the prevalence of HPV infections and to identify oncogenic genotypes circulating in the departments of Niari and Bouenza. A total of 207 cervical samples collected between 2019 and 2020 were studied. Cervico vaginal smears were performed on all samples for cytological analysis, and HPV DNA detection and genotyping were performed on GeneXpert. The average age of the women who participated in this study was 43.67 ± 12.31 years in Niari and 38.29 ± 10.52 in Bouenza with age intervals ranging from 18 to 80 years. Cytological analysis of these samples reported the following prevalences: Normal diagnosed in 89.58% (186/207) cases, ASCUS in 5.31% (11/207) cases, LSIL in 2.89% (6/207) cases, and ICC in 1.93% (4/207) cases. The prevalence of HPV infection was detected in 83.54% (66/186) of women without lesions, 6.32% (5/11) of ASCUS women and 10.12% (8/10) of women with cytological abnormalities [5.06% (4/6) LSIL, and 5.06% (4/4) ICC]. In total, 79 of the 207 women in our study tested positive for one or more HPV-HR types, or 38.16%. In the department of Niari 37.5% (48/128) women tested positive for HPV, and in the department of Bouenza 39.24% (31/79) tested positive for HPV. Multiple infections ranged from two to more than three strains of HPV. No statistically significant association was observed between socio-demographic characteristics and genotyping (p > 0.05). On the other hand, HPV-HR prevalence varied significantly according to cervical cytology (p = 0.001). The results obtained show the predominance of HPV 16 in women in these two departments of Congo.

关键词： CCU HPV FCV Niari Bouenza

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Molecular Analysis of Clerodendrum formicarum Effects in Painful Diabetic Neuropathy in Rat

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World Journal of Neuroscience 2015年第4期5卷 258-269页

作者： ghislain loubano-voumbi Mor Diaw Valentin Ouedraogo Abdou Khadir Sow Aissatou Seck Luc Magloire Anicet Boumba Abdoulaye Ba Abdoulaye Samb Laboratory of Physiology and Functional Exploration Faculty of Medicine of Pharmacy and OdontologyCheikh Anta Diop University of DakarDakarSenegal Laboratory of Molecular Biology of the Loandjili Hospital Pointe NoireRepublic of Congo

The pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathic pain is due to primarily metabolic and vascular factors. There is an increase in sorbitol and fructose, glycated end products, reactive oxygen species and activation of protein kinase C in the diabetic state. All these factors lead to direct damage to the nerves. Taking effective clinical management of neuropathic pain is based on a pharmacological treatment that has shown their limits and many side effects. The hypothesis of central sensitization inhibited by Clerodendrum formicarum, an African pharmacopoeia plant used to treat headaches, arthritis, epilepsy and chronic pain could act on astrocytes and microglial cells. The objective of this work is to study the effect of Clerodendrum formicarum (100, 150 and 200 mg/kg body weight) on astrocytes and microglial cells in a model of diabetic neuropathic pain induced by alloxan monohydrate (150 mg/kg). We noted a suppression of mechanical allodynia and mechanical hyperalgesia respectively by the Von Frey filaments test and the pressure test on the paw by the Clerodendrum formicarumextracts (ECF) at different doses from 2 h at the first injection of the ECF. After 5 days of treatment, we expressed by Western Blot bands of different proteins and by quantitative RT-PCR, we determined inhibition of the expression of GFAP, CD11b and isoforms 1 and 2 of cyclooxygenase. These results suggest that ECF inhibits the activation of astrocytes, microglial cells and cyclooxygenase signaling pathway.

关键词： Clerodendrum formicarum Astrocytes Microglial Cells Diabetic Neuropathy Pain Cyclooxygenase

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Hyperhomocysteinemia: Risk Factors and Faster Onset of Degenerative Complications of Type 2 Diabetes in Brazzaville

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2023年第3期13卷 257-267页

作者： Ikia Monde Valsy Russelh Evariste Bouenizabila Farel Elilie Mawa Ongoth Raissa Laure Mayanda Ohouna Aymande Okoumou-Moko Paulin Kibeke ghislain loubano-voumbi Luc Magloire Boumba Anicet Wilson Fabrice Ondongo Mayindou Kimbangu Archimède Gotran Tienelle Freiss Mabiala Wann Koumou Onanga Thierry Raoul Ngombea Benjamin Longo Mbenza Edouard Ngou Milama Christian Andres Etienne Mokondjimobe Henri Germain Monabeka Biochemistry Laboratory Department University Hospital Center Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Faculty of Health Sciences Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Department of Metabolic and Endocrine Diseases University Hospital Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Pointe-Noire Research Area National Institute for Research in Health Sciences Pointe-Noire Republic of the Congo Department of Statistics Health Information and Epidemiological Surveillance Departmental Directorate of Health Care and Services Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Department of Public Health LOMO Research University Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Faculty of Medicine University of Health Sciences Libreville Gabon Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Tours Regional University Hospital Tours France

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains a major global public health problem. This complex metabolic disorder can lead to various complications, including cardiovascular diseases (leading cause of death) in T2D. Among the biochemical markers associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease, homocysteine is currently one of the predictive markers under evaluation. We investigate the link between hyperhomocysteinemia and diabetes complications in DT2 population in Brazzaville. Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional analytical study, from October to December 2022. One hundred and fifty participants were included, 100 patients T2D (34 with complications, 33 with comorbidities, 33 without), and 50 patients controls. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were collected. Homocysteine (Hcy) serum levels were measured using Sandwich ELISA method. Results: Study population was composed of 50% males and 50% females with sex ratio of 1;mean age was 52.2 ± 10.8 years (30 - 83). The prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) was 36% (20% moderate Hcy, 15% intermediate and 1% severe). Mean Hcy concentration was 31.9 μmol/l (18 - 103). Age, gender and physical inactivity were strongly correlated to Hcy (OR of 3.5;9.4 and 3 respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that HHcy was a risk accelerator for degenerative complications (stroke: OR = 6.2;ischemic heart disease: 4.9;neuropathy: 9.2;retinopathy: 4.5 and peripheral arterial disease: 4.9). Conclusion: These findings suggest that hyperhomocysteinemia can be considered as a predictive marker to be taken into account in targeting cardiovascular risk in Congolese subjects with T2D.

关键词： Hyperhomocysteinemia Patients with T2D Risk Factor Acceleration Factor Degenerative Complications Congo

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