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Evaluation of groundwater quality in the Dibdibba aquifer using hydrogeochemical and isotope techniques(Basrah Province,Iraq)

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Acta Geochimica 2022年第5期41卷 823-838页

作者： Inass A.al-Mallah Wasan S.al-Qurnawi Hussein B.ghalib Adnan B.al Hawash Mariam H.Abdulameer Geology Department College of ScienceUniversity of BasrahBasrahIraq Director of the Scholarships and Cultural Relations Department Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific ResearchBaghdadIraq Department of Marine Chemistry and Environmental Pollution Marine Science CenterUniversity of BasrahBasrahIraq Biology Department College of Education-QurnaUniversity of BasrahBasrahIraq

The Dibdibba aquifer is considered to be the main source in the al-Zubair area because agriculture depends on it to provide grazing water in the *** groundwater well samples were collected from the shallow Dibdibba Aquifer in Basra Province,southern Iraq,through the dry and wet period for 37 water samples were collected,to investigate the water quality deterioration,which is a hydrogeochemical modeling study where used to represent the groundwater mixing *** physicochemical parameter results show the spatial and temporal variations along the groundwater flow path.A Durov diagram of the studied samples shows water type Na-SO_(4),which is represented by mixing waters that may be affected by *** geochemical model ratio results of the groundwater well samples have shown high mixing ratios in the east and southeast regions of the study *** stable isotope composition of groundwater samples indicated that the recharge source of the Dibdibba aquifer is meteoric water influenced by vapor water from the Arabian *** stable isotope results have shown that the enrichment ofδO values is relatively linked with high salinity concentration and indicated the mixing between the upper unconfined and the lower confined,especially in the eastern and southern parts of the study *** findings of geochemical modeling and isotopes indicated an increasing groundwater quality ***,we recommended avoiding these areas for intensive extraction of groundwater.

关键词： Safwan–Zubair Dibdibba formation Geochemical modeling Mixing Stable isotopes Basra

Environmental Isotopic Characterization of Groundwater and Surface Water in Northeast Missan Province,South Iraq

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2014年第4期88卷 1227-1238页

作者： Hussein Badr ghalib ali Riza SGüT Selcuk University college of EngineeringGeology DepartmentSelcukTurkey Basrah University Geology DepartmentBasrahIraq

The present work studies the environmental isotopes assess groundwater characteristics of the different parts of the main aquifer in the northeast Missan Province in south of Iraq. Water samples of groundwater and surface water were collected for two dry and wet seasons during the water year of 2011-2012. The study shows that most of the groundwater in the aquifer falls above the global meteoric water line, and all the samples fall below the Mediterranean meteoric water line, indicating that these samples are a mixture of two water types. The tritium content of these samples supports this conclusion. The overall conclusion of this study indicates that there are two sources of groundwater recharge in the studied area： the ephemeral streams （Teeb and Dewerge） and major precipitation sources. According to the tritium levels at or below one tritium unit （TU） obtained from the water, supply wells are highly confined or ＂not vulnerable＂. Overall, the 3^H results imply that recent recharge has taken place during the last four to five decades. In the recharge area, the high tritium content in the southern part of the Teeb area suggests that the recharge originates from rapid infiltration of surface runoff. Therefore, the groundwater resources in the study area should be protected from contamination, because it will influence the aquifer in a relatively short period of time if any contamination enters the recharge areas of the aquifer.

关键词： Groundwater recharge Tritium environmental isotope meteoric water line Iraq

Modeling the rate of corrosion of carbon steel using activated diethanolamine solutions for CO2 absorption

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第8期28卷 2099-2110页

作者： Lubna ghalib Ahmed Abdulkareem Brahim Si ali Shaukat ali Mazari Materials Engineering Department Mustansiriyah UniversityBaghdad 14022Iraq Mathematics Science Directorate General of Education Rusafa 1BaghdadIraq Department of Chemical Engineering University of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Chemical Engineering Dawood University of Engineering and TechnologyKarachi 74800Pakistan

A mechanistic model is developed to investigate the influence of an activator on the corrosion rate of carbon steel in the absorption processes of carbon dioxide(CO2).Piperazine(PZ)is used as the activator in diethanolamine(DEA)aqueous *** developed model for corrosion takes into consideration the effect of fluid flow,transfer of charge and diffusion of oxidizing agents and operating parameters like temperature,activator concentration,CO2 loading and *** study consists of two major models:Vapor–liquid Equilibrium(VLE)model and electrochemical corrosion *** electrolyte-NRTL equilibrium model was used for determination of concentration of chemical species in the bulk *** results of speciation were subsequently used for producing polarization curves and predicting the rate of corrosion occurring at the surface of *** increase in concentration of activator,increases the rate of corrosion of carbon steel in mixtures of activated DEA.

关键词： CO2 capture CO2 corrosion Carbon steel Diethanolamine Piperazine Electrochemical model

Monitoring of Unaccounted for Gas in Energy Domain Using Semantic Web Technologies

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2021年第1期36卷 41-56页

作者： Kausar Parveen ghalib A.Shah Muhammad Aslam Amjad Farooq Department of Computer Science University of Engineering and TechnologyLahore54890Pakistan al Khwarizmi Department University of Engineering and TechnologyLahore54890Pakistan

Smart Urbanization has increased tremendously over the last few years,and this has exacerbated problems in all areas of life,especially in the energy *** Internet of Things(IoT)is providing effective solutions in gas distribution,transmission and billing through very sophisticated sensory devices and *** of heterogeneous devices link to each other in smart urbanization,and this has led to the Semantic interoperability(SI)problem between the connected *** the energy field,such as electricity and gas,several devices are *** devices are competent for their specific operational role but unable to communicate across the operational units as required for accounting and monitoring of gas losses due to heterogeneity in device communication *** overcome this problem,we have proposed a model and ontology by applying semantic web technologies and cloud storage to address the tracking of customers to observe Unaccounted for gas(UFG)in the gas domain of *** is achieved by replicating heterogeneous devices Sensor Model Language(SenML)data into Resource description framework(RDF)without human *** semantic interoperability is used to efficiently and meaningfully share the information from one location to ***,the proposed ontology and model focus more efficiently on customer tracking,forecasting,and monitoring to detect UFG in gas *** also helps to save Gas Companies from financial gas losses.

关键词： Internet of Things semantic interoperability unaccounted for gas ontology resource description framework sensor markup language

Geochemical characteristics of natural gases and source rocks in Obayied sub-basin,north Western Desert,Egypt:implications for gas-source correlation

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Acta Geochimica 2023年第2期42卷 241-255页

作者： Mostafa Hassan Mahmoud Leila Mohammed Ahmed ghalib Issa Omar Hegab Geology Department Faculty of ScienceMansoura UniversityMansoura 35516Egypt Egyptian General Petroleum Corporation CairoEgypt

Western Desert represents a major oil and gas province in Egypt producing more than 50%of the country’s oil *** and gas blend occurs in most producing fields,however,the genetic link between gas and liquid hydrocarbon phases are not *** sub-basin in the Western Desert where oil and gas phases coexist in the Middle Jurassic sandstones of the Khatatba Formation provides an ideal place to investigate the link between oil and gas *** analyses on rock samples(Rock–Eval pyrolysis,vitrinite reflectance,R_(o))and gases(molecular and isotopic composition)were conducted in order to identify the genetic characteristics of the hydrocarbon phases ***-relevant parameters(Rock–Eval T_(max),vitrinite reflectance R_(o))elucidate that only Middle Jurassic Khatatba organofacies capable of generating wet and dry hydrocarbon ***,the enrichment of C_(7)normal alkanes,mono-branched alkanes relative to polybranched components in the Obayied gases reflect their generation via cracking of *** modelling results confirm gas generation through both primary and secondary ***,secondary cracking of liquid hydrocarbon phases is volumetrically more *** cracking of the Khatatba organofacies likely predate and catalyze the secondary cracking of the liquid phases and therefore the volume of generated gas increases incrementally eastward where both processes *** present study highlights the significant role of secondary cracking in the generation and accumulation of huge gas accumulations in the basins containing oil-prone source intervals.

关键词： Primary and secondary cracking Gas geochemistry Jurassic Khatatba Obayied Western Desert

Intrusion detection and prevention system for an IoT environment

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Digital Communications and Networks 2022年第4期8卷 540-551页

作者： Ajay Kumar K.Abhishek M.R.ghalib A.Shankar X.Cheng Department of Computer Science and Engineering NIT PatnaBiharIndia Faculty of Science Engineering Computing(SEC)De Montfort UniversityDubaiUnited Arab Emirates Department of CSE Amity School of Engineering and TechnologyAmity UniversityUttar PradeshIndia Department of Computer Science Middlesex UniversityLondonUK

Internet of Things(IoT)security is the act of securing IoT devices and *** devices,including industrial machines,smart energy grids,and building automation,are extremely *** the goal of shielding network systems from illegal access in cloud servers and IoT systems,Intrusion Detection Systems(IDSs)and Network-based Intrusion Prevention Systems(NBIPSs)are proposed in this *** intrusion prevention system is proposed to realize NBIPS to safeguard top to bottom *** proposed NBIPS inspects network activity streams to identify and counteract misuse *** NBIPS is usually located specifically behind a firewall,and it provides a reciprocal layer of investigation that adversely chooses unsafe *** IPS sensors can be installed either in an inline or a passive *** inline sensor is installed to monitor the traffic passing through *** sensors are installed to stop attacks by blocking the traffic using an IoT signature-based protocol.

关键词： IDS and IPS Cloud Firewall Denial of service Smart environment Internet of things NBIPS

Hydrocarbon-Source Correlation in the Obayied Sub-Basin,North Western Desert,Egypt:Controls on Generation of Natural Gas and Light Crude Hydrocarbon Blends

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第6期35卷 1944-1965页

作者： Mostafa Hassan Mahmoud Lotfy Leila Mohammed Ahmed ghalib Issa Branimir Segvie Omar Hegab Geology Department Faculty of ScienceMansoura UniversityMansouraEgypt School of Mining and Geosciences Nazarbayev UniversityAstanaKazakhstan Department of Geosciences Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTX79409USA

Obayied sub-basin provides one-third of the annual natural gas production in the Egyptian Western *** origin of the Obayied hydrocarbons are however poorly *** this study,the molecular biomarkers of the Obayied hydrocarbon blend were studied to infer on their origin and generation *** API values are in the range of(41.3°-53.7°)reflecting post-mature *** molecular biomarkers suggest a generation of Obayied crude from clay-rich fluviodeltaic source ***-and maturity-relevant biomarkers(e.g.,Ts/Tm trisnorhopanes and methylphenanthrene indices)reflect a successive expulsion of the Obayied crudes from mature Jurassic rocks(>1%Ro).Biological markers correlate perfectly with those of the Jurassic Khatatba shale and coal extracts ***,the Obayied gases are wet,thermogenic and have been derived from a mature typeⅢkerogen(1.3%Ro-2%Ro).The studied gases display compositional characteristics of mixed coal-and oil-type gases,and were therefore derived via primary cracking of the Khatatba coal as well as secondary cracking of the light liquid *** present study clarifies the controls on the geochemical processes responsible for the accumulation of liquid and gas hydrocarbon mix in the deep as well as shallow inverted rift basins of the north Western Desert,Egypt.

关键词： natural gas hydrocarbons molecular biomarkers kerogen Jurassic Khatatba Western Desert Egypt

A concept analysis of vicarious resilience in mental health nursing

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2024年第4期11卷 485-494页

作者： Nora ghalib alOtaibi College of Nursing King Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia College of Nursing Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammamSaudi Arabia

Objective:The introduction of the vicarious resilience concept in psychology and mental health nursing literature is a highly promising *** utilizing this novel concept,experts in various domains can enhance their comprehension of how to foster resilience in individuals by observing and learning from the resilience of *** concept analysis aims to elucidate the concept of vicarious resilience in mental health nursing by defining its related attributes,antecedents,and ***:Walker and Avant’s strategy for concept analysis method was *** review specifically examined mental health nurse providers.A comprehensive literature search was performed in the PubMed,Medline,the Cochrane Library,and CINAHL *** inclusion criterion was Englishlanguage documents on vicarious resilience within mental health ***:A total of 24 articles were *** concept’s attributes were empathy,hope,resourcefulness,awareness,and *** were associated with listening to patients’trauma narratives,self-care,self-awareness,and support from *** were enhanced well-being,changes in life goals,adaptation,personal growth,and increased personal ***,there is only one tool in the empirical ***:Interpreting the concept of vicarious resilience in mental health nursing and determining its characteristics can be utilized to design nursing interventions to develop vicarious resilience and enhance the quality of care in mental health facilities.

关键词： Vicarious resilience Concept analysis Mental health Psychology health Nurses

An Efficient Intrusion Detection Framework in Software-Defined Networking for Cybersecurity Applications

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第8期72卷 3529-3548页

作者： ghalib H.alshammri Amani K.Samha Ezz El-Din Hemdan Mohammed Amoon Walid El-Shafai Department of Computer Science Community CollegeKing Saud UniversityRiyadh28095Saudi Arabia Deanship of Scientific Research Saudi Electronic UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Management Information System Department College of Business AdministrationKing Saud UniversityRiyadh28095Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenouf32952Egypt Security Engineering Lab Computer Science DepartmentPrince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Electronics and Electrical Communications Eng.Depart. Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenouf32952Egypt

Network management and multimedia data mining techniques have a great interest in analyzing and improving the network traffic *** recent times,the most complex task in Software Defined Network(SDN)is security,which is based on a centralized,programmable ***,monitoring network traffic is significant for identifying and revealing intrusion abnormalities in the SDN ***,this paper provides an extensive analysis and investigation of the NSL-KDD dataset using five different clustering algorithms:K-means,Farthest First,Canopy,Density-based algorithm,and Exception-maximization(EM),using the Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis(WEKA)software to compare extensively between these five ***,this paper presents an SDN-based intrusion detection system using a deep learning(DL)model with the KDD(Knowledge Discovery in Databases)***,the utilized dataset is clustered into normal and four major attack categories via the clustering ***,a deep learning method is projected for building an efficient SDN-based intrusion detection *** results provide a comprehensive analysis and a flawless reasonable study of different kinds of attacks incorporated in the KDD ***,the outcomes reveal that the proposed deep learning method provides efficient intrusion detection performance compared to existing *** example,the proposed method achieves a detection accuracy of 94.21%for the examined dataset.

关键词： Deep neural network DL WEKA network traffic intrusion and anomaly detection SDN clustering and classification KDD dataset