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Signatures of positive selection for local adaptation of African native cattle populations:A review

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第7期22卷 1967-1984页

作者： Wondossen AYALEW WU Xiao-yun getinet mekuriaw tarekegn CHU Min LIANG Chun-nian Tesfaye SISAY TESSEMA YAN Ping Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding EngineeringLanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhou 730050P.R.China Department of Animal Production and Technology Wolkite UniversityWolkite P.O.Box 07Ethiopia Institute of Biotechnology Addis Ababa UniversityAddis Ababa P.O.Box 1176Ethiopia Scotland’s Rural College(SRUC) Roslin Institute BuildingUniversity of EdinburghEdinburgh EH259RGUnited Kingdom

Cattle are central to the lives and diverse cultures of African *** has played a crucial role in providing valuable protein for billions of households and sources of income and employment for producers and other actors in the livestock value *** long-term natural selection of African cattle typically signals signatures in the genome,contributes to high genetic differentiations across *** has enabled them to develop unique adaptive traits to cope with inadequate feed supply,high temperatures,high internal and external parasites,and ***,these unique cattle genetic resources are threatened by indiscriminate cross-breeding,breed replacements with exotic cosmopolitan breeds,and climate change *** there are no functional genomics studies,recent advancements in genotyping and sequencing technologies have identified and annotated limited functional genes and causal variants associated with unique adaptive and economical traits of African cattle *** genome-wide variants serve as candidates for breed improvement and support conservation efforts for endangered cattle breeds against future climate ***,this review plans to collate comprehensive information on the identified selection footprints to support genomic studies in African cattle to confirm the validity of the results and provide a framework for further genetic association and QTL fine mapping studies.

关键词： adaptive trait African cattle production traits reproduction traits

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Production Systems, Genetic Diversity and Genes Associated with Prolificacy and Milk Production in Indigenous Goats of Sub-Saharan Africa: A Review

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2020年第4期10卷 735-749页

作者： Simon Patrick Baenyi Joseph Owino Junga Christian Keambou Tiambo Ahadi Bwihangane Birindwa Katcho Karume getinet mekuriaw tarekegn Joel Winyo Ochieng Department of Animal Production Université Evangélique en Afrique Bukavu The Democratic Republic of the Congo Department of Animal Production University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya Bioscience Eastern and Central Africa-International Livestock Research Institute Nairobi Kenya Centre for Tropical Livestock Genetics and Health-International Livestock Research Institute (CTLGH-ILRI) Nairobi Kenya Regional Universities Forum for Capacity Building in Agriculture (RUFORUM) Wandegeya Kampala Uganda Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Uppsala Sweden

Goats are one of the oldest domesticated animal species widely distributed in the world playing an important role in the food production system in Sub-Saharan African Region (SSAR). Due to their multiple uses (milk production, meat, fiber and hides) and adaptation aptitudes to ecological conditions, goats produce and contribute positively to farmers’ socio-economy status in various production systems. This review aimed at giving a summary overview on the goat’s production systems characteristics, the genetic diversity and the candidate genes affecting reproductive and milk production performances in goat breeds in SSAR. It has been observed that traditional livestock production system with communal grazing system is the most used in goat keeping in SSAR. The geographical locations play an important role in the relationships between goat’s distributions in the region. At the same time, goats might have been differentiated and isolated one to others due to the wide geographic range, the diversify climate and the topography in the region. Among the six worldwide known haplogroups of goat (A, B, C, D, G and F), haplogroup A is the most representative in SSAR. However, haplogroup G and B can be found in some goat populations in some countries in east (Kenya and Ethiopia) and south parts of Africa. This review reveals that little is known on the candidate genes associated with prolificacy and milk production traits in indigenous goat breeds in the region. That observation suggests the importance of assessing candidate genes associated with economic traits in the populations of goat in SSAR.

关键词： Gene Prolificacy Milk Production Sub-Saharan African Region

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Reproductive Performance and Mortality Rate in Local and Dorper &#215 Local Crossbred Sheep Following Controlled Breeding in Ethiopia

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2014年第5期4卷 278-284页

作者： Mesfin Lakew Mussie Haile-Melekot getinet mekuriaw Solomon Abreha Haimanot Setotaw Sirinka Agricultural Research Center Woldia Ethiopia College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences Bahir Dar University Bahir Dar Ethiopia College of Agriculture Wollo University Dessie Ethiopia

The reproductive and lamb mortality data (n = 187) of the Local and crosses of Dorper × Local ewes following natural controlled breeding in Ethiopia were analysed. Data were collected during 2009-2011 at Sirinka breeding, evaluation and distribution site, eastern Amhara region of Ethiopia. Breed, lamb sex, birth season, birth year, birth type and ewes’ parity were considered as fixed effects. Data analyses were performed using general linear model procedures. Breed was a significant source of variation: the local sheep attained faster the age at first lambing than the crossbred ewe lambs (469 ± 8.45 vs. 555 ± 6.25 days, p < 0.0001), whereas the crossbred ewes weighed more than the local sheep ewes at the age of first lambing (32.7 ± 0.63 vs. 22.8 ± 0.43 kg, p < 0.0001). Birth year had also important influence on the age and weight at first lambing of ewes. Ewes showed better performance during the later study years, differences attributed due to the improved management advantages in later years. The crossbred and local ewes were comparable in their litter size, despite the fact that the lambing interval of crossbred ewes was longer than the local ewes (306 ± 4.62 vs. 287 ± 2.38 days). Additionally, there was no significant difference in mortality rate between the two breeds. This study confirms that the local ewes had higher annual reproductive rate than that of the crossbred sheep ewes (1.49 ± 0.02 vs. 1.37 ± 0.01 lambs) under the same environmental conditions. The present results suggested that better management and breeding program probably will increase the productivity of the local sheep.

关键词： Reproduction Controlled Breeding Mortality Dorper × Local Local Sheep Sirinka

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