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Interaction between xylanase and a proton pump inhibitor on broiler chicken performance and gut function

Animal Nutrition 2022年第1期8卷 277-288页

作者： Gemma Gonzalez-Ortiz Sophie A.Lee Kirsi Vienola Kari Raatikainen german jurgens Juha Apajalahti Michael R.Bedford AB Vista MarlboroughWiltshireSN84ANUnited Kingdom Alimetrics Ltd. Koskelontie 19 BEspooFinland

Three hundred thirty-six Ross 308 male broiler chicks were used in a 21-d study to explore performance and gut function when treated with a proton pump inhibitor(PPI;0 or 89 mg/kg)in a 2×2 factorial arrangement with a xylanase(Xyl;0 or 0.1 g/kg)to determine if the beneficial activity of arabinoxylan(AX)depolymerisation,through arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides(AXOS)production,starts in the upper gastrointestinal *** with the PPI started from d 14,and by d 21 animal performance had deteriorated(P<0.001).An interaction was observed between PPI and Xyl for feed conversion ratio(FCR)(P<0.05),whereby the combination reduced the negative effect of PPI on *** of PPI raised digesta pH in the gizzard and caecum(P<0.05),increased protein concentrations in the lower gut(P<0.05)and reduced intake of digestible nutrients(P<0.05).Caecal concentrations of indole,p-cresol,ammonia and the ratio of total volatile fatty acid(VFA)to butyric acid were increased with PPI(P<0.05),indicating enhanced protein *** activity in the digesta were greatest in the caeca,especially when Xyl was supplemented(P<0.001).The concentration of total soluble AX was greater in the gizzard and ileal digesta with Xyl supplementation(P<0.05),supporting the depolymerisation action of xylanase even under acidic *** data suggest xylanase may function in the gizzard even though pH is not optimal for activity and emphasises the importance of chlorohydric acid secretions in ensuring overall optimum gut *** depolymerisation benefits animal performance although it is still unknown how the AXOS produced with xylanase supplementation in the upper gastrointestinal tract influence the microbial populations and overall gut functionality.

关键词： Xylanase Proton pump inhibitor Arabinoxylan degradation Protein fermentation Broiler chicken

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Evaluation of Carbon and Electron Flow in Lactobacillus brevis as a Potential Host for Heterologous 1-Butanol Biosynthesis

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Advances in Microbiology 2013年第5期3卷 450-461页

作者： Oksana V.Berezina german jurgens Natalia V.Zakharova Rustem S.Shakulov Sergey V.Yarotsky Tom B.Granstrom State Research Institute of Genetics and Selection of Industrial Microorganisms MoscowRussian Federation Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Technology School of Chemical TechnologyAalto UniversityEspooFinland

Heterofermentative lactic acid bacterium Lactobacillus brevis may be considered as a promising host for heterologous butanol synthesis because of tolerance to butanol and ability to ferment pentose and hexose sugars from wood hydrolysates that are cheap and renewable carbohydrate source. Carbon and electron flow was evaluated in two L. brevis strains in order to assess metabolic potential of these bacteria for heterologous butanol synthesis. Conditions required for generation of acetyl-CoA and NADH which are necessary for butanol biosynthesis have been determined. Key enzymes controlling direction of metabolic fluxes in L. brevis in various redox conditions were defined. In anaerobic glucose fermentation, the carbon flow through acetyl-CoA is regulated by aldehyde dehydrogenase ALDH possessing low affinity to NADH and activity (KmNADH= 200 μM, Vmax= 0.03 U/mg of total cell protein). Aerobically, the NADH-oxidase NOX (KmNADH= 25 μM, Vmax = 1.7 U/mg) efficiently competes with ALDH for NADH that results in formation of acetate instead of acetyl-CoA. In general, external electron acceptors (oxygen, fructose) and pentoses decrease NADH availability for native ethanol and recombinant butanol enzymes and therefore reduce carbon flux through acetyl-CoA. Pyruvate metabolism was studied in order to reveal redirection possibilities of competitive carbon fluxes towards butanol synthesis. The study provides a basis for the rational development of L. brevis strains producing butanol from wood hydrolysate.

关键词： Lactobacillus brevis Metabolism Carbon and Electron Flow Heterologous Butanol Synthesis SO2-Ethanol-Water Hydrolysate

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