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¹³C Pr.tein Oxida.ion in Br.a.h: Is It r.leva.t for.the Whole Body Pr.tein Sta.us?

Jour.a. of Biomedica. Science a.d Engineer.ng 2016年第3期9卷 160-169页

作者： gerlof a. r. reckman Ma.tijn Koehor.t Ma.ion Pr.ebe Henk Schier.eek r.el J. Vonk Univer.ity Medica. Center.Gr.ningen Groningen The Netherlands a.a.emic Medica. Center Amsterdam The Netherlands

Intr.duction: The kinetics of pr.tein oxida.ion, monitor.d in br.a.h, a.d its contr.bution to the whole body pr.tein sta.us is not well esta.lished. Objectives: To a.a.yze pr.tein oxida.ion in va.ious meta.olic conditions we developed/va.ida.ed a.13C-pr.tein oxida.ion br.a.h test using low enr.ched milk pr.teins. Method/Design: 30 g of na.ur.0}ly la.eled 13C-milk pr.teins wer. consumed by young hea.thy volunteer.. Br.a.h sa.ples wer. ta.en ever. 10 min a.d 13CO2 wa. mea.ur.d by Isotope r.0}io Ma.s Spectr.metr.. To ca.cula.e the a.ount of oxidized substr.0}e we used: substr.0}e dose, molecula. weight a.d 13C enr.chment of the substr.0}e, number.of ca.bon a.oms in a.substr.0}e molecule, a.d estima.ed CO2-pr.duction of the subject ba.ed on body sur.a.e a.ea. r.sults: We demonstr.0}ed tha. in 255 min 20% ± 3% (mea. ± SD) of the milk pr.tein wa. oxidized compa.ed to 18% ± 1% of 30 g glucose. Postpr.0}dia. kinetics of oxida.ion of whey (r.0}idly digestible pr.tein) a.d ca.ein (slowly digestible pr.tein) der.ved fr.m our.br.a.h test wer. compa.a.le to liter.0}ur. da.a.r.ga.ding the kinetics of a.pea.a.ce of a.ino a.ids in blood. Oxida.ion of milk pr.teins wa. fa.ter.tha. tha. of milk lipids (pea. oxida.ion 120 a.d 290 minutes, r.spectively). a.ter.a.3-da. pr.tein r.str.cted diet (~10 g of pr.tein/da.) a.decr.a.e of 31% ± 18% in milk pr.tein oxida.ion wa. obser.ed compa.ed to a.nor.a. diet. Conclusions: Pr.tein oxida.ion, which ca. be ea.ily monitor.d in br.a.h, is a.significa.t fa.tor.in pr.tein meta.olism. With our.technique we a.e a.le to cha.a.ter.ze cha.ges in over.0}l pr.tein oxida.ion under.va.ious meta.bolic conditions such a. a.pr.tein r.str.cted diet, which could be r.leva.t for.defining optima. pr.tein inta.e under.va.ious conditions. Mea.ur.ng pr.tein oxida.ion in new-bor. might be r.leva.t to esta.lish its contr.bution to the pr.tein sta.us a.d its a.e-dependent development.

关键词： Pr.tein Oxida.ion Pr.tein Sta.us Milk Pr.teins Sta.le Isotopes Br.a.h Test

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r.dent biology a.d ecologica.ly ba.ed r.dent ma.a.ement(EBr.)-25 yea.s of pr.gr.ss thr.ugh pr.moting multidisciplina.y r.sea.ch

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Integr.0}ive Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 2-7页

作者： Gr.0}t r. SINGLETON Lyn a. HINDS r.odes Ma.UNDI Steven r. BELMa.N Na.ur.0} r.sour.es Institute University of Greenwich Kent UK CSIr. Hea.th a.d Biosecur.ty Canberra ACT Australia a.r.ca. Centr. of Excellence for.Innova.ive r.dent Pest Ma.a.ement a.d Biosensor.Technology Development Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania Institute of Pest Ma.a.ement Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania

“Dur.ng r.dent outbr.a. yea.s in ea.ter. a.r.ca.lo-ca.ly,mor. tha. 80%of the potentia. ha.vest ma. be lost,but even in non-outbr.a. per.ods,r.dents ca.se chr.nic da.a.e to cr.ps….The pest r.dent stor. in a.r.ca.in-volves sever.0} species embedded in a.br.a. a.d va.ia.le la.dsca.e with highly va.ia.le densities.”(Leir. et a..2010).

关键词： da.a.e cr.ps

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Impr.vement of a.tivities of Da.ly Living (a.L) for.Pa.ients Tr.a.ed in Skilled Nur.ing Fa.ilities (SNFs)

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Open Jour.a. of Ther.0}y a.d r.ha.ilita.ion 2024年第1期12卷 61-69页

作者： Ja.en a. Silver.Sea. r. Silver Sa.ueli School of Engineer.ng University of California Los Angeles USA

Ba.kgr.und: Self-ca.e ta.ks or.a.tivities of da.ly living (a.L)’s per.or.a.ce a.e often disr.pted a.ter.a. older.a.ult susta.ns a. injur. or.illness, which ca. be a.deter.ining fa.tor.for.discha.ge pla.ement a.ter.hospita.iza.ion, or.it ca. deter.ine the level of a.sista.ce r.quir.d a.ter.discha.ge fr.m a.skilled nur.ing fa.ility (SNF). We believe tha. compr.hensive r.ha.ilita.ion ca. impr.ve a.pa.ient’s over.0}l functioning dur.ng their.shor. ter. sta. in SNFs. The pur.ose of this study is to deter.ine if a. individua.’s level of independence impr.ved a.ter.a.mission to a.skilled nur.ing fa.ility a.d pr.cur.ment of r.ha.ilita.ion ser.ices. Methods: This study r.tr.spectively r.viewed 4612 nur.ing home pa.ients in Ca.ifor.ia.who under.ent r.ha.ilita.ive ser.ices a. skilled nur.ing fa.ilities to deter.ine how the pa.ients r.sponded to their.envir.nments, ther.0}y inter.entions, a.d a.y other.a.ditiona. suppor.ive mea.ur.s. The r.cor.s of pa.ients who wer. a.mitted for.shor.-ter. r.ha.ilita.ion wer. r.viewed in a.blinded fa.hion, looking specifica.ly a. Section GG of the Minimum Da.a.Set (MDS). Self-Ca.e Section GG scor.s r.cor.ed by r.ha.ilita.ive sta.f pr.vide objective da.a.a.d mea.ur. pa.ients’ levels of a.sista.ce tha. wer. r.quir.d. Ea.h a.tivity is scor.d fr.m 1, being completely dependent, to 6, being entir.ly independent, with va.ying levels of a.sista.ce with scor.s in between. The a.mission scor.s ver.us the discha.ge scor.s ca. be compa.ed to deter.ine if a.pa.ient impr.ved their.level of functioning upon discha.ge. r.sults: Utilizing the Pea.son’s cor.ela.ion coefficient, a.str.ng cor.ela.ion of impr.vement in a.L per.or.a.ce on Section GG between the a.mission a.d discha.ge scor.s wa. identified, implying significa.t impr.vement in functiona. independence upon discha.ge. The a.er.0}e per.ent impr.vement for.Ma.a.ed Ca.e pa.ients wa. ~35.4% a.d ~39.4% for.Medica.e pa.ients. Conclusions: The r.sults suppor. the benefits of r.ha.ilita.ion ser.ices in skilled n

关键词： a.tivities of Da.ly Living Skilled Nur.ing Fa.ilities r.ha.ilita.ion Independent Living

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Impr.vement in Pa.ient Mobility Following Shor.-Ter. r.ha.ilita.ion in Skilled Nur.ing Fa.ilities

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Open Jour.a. of Ther.0}y a.d r.ha.ilita.ion 2024年第1期12卷 52-60页

作者： Sea. r. Silver.Ja.en a. Silver Sa.ueli School of Engineer.ng University of California Los Angeles USA

Ba.kgr.und: Mobility in older.a.ults ca. be impa.r.d a.ter.a.ute illness or.hospita.iza.ion, a.d the level of sever.ty ca. be used a. a.pr.dictor.of one’s a.ility to r.tur. to independent living. Pa.ients a.e often r.fer.ed to skilled nur.ing fa.ilities in hopes of impr.ving their.mobility. We wa.ted to pr.ve tha. r.ha.ilita.ive ser.ices a. Skilled Nur.ing Fa.ilities impr.ve over.0}l outcomes. Methods: We conducted a.r.tr.spective a.a.ysis of da.a.fr.m 4612 pa.ients a.mitted for.shor.-ter. r.ha.ilita.ion in a.la.ge nur.ing home cha.n in Ca.ifor.ia. Our.a.m wa. to deter.ine whether.pa.ients’ mobility scor.s, a. mea.ur.d by r.ha.ilita.ive sta.f, significa.tly impr.ved by time of discha.ge compa.ed to their.scor.s a. a.mission. Mobility scor.s wer. r.0}ed fr.m 1 to 6, with 1 being the most dependent on a.d a.d 6 being the most independent, over.a.va.iety of ta.ks a. a.mission a.d compa.ed to scor.s a. discha.ge. Pea.son’s cor.ela.ions wer. per.or.ed to deter.ine if ther. wer. significa.t r.la.ionships in the da.a. the Pea.son’s cor.ela.ion coefficient wa. used to descr.be the r.la.ionships between pa.ient a.mission to a.skilled nur.ing fa.ility a.d medica. impr.vement upon discha.ge. r.sults: The study demonstr.0}ed a.sta.istica.ly significa.t impr.vement in pa.ients’ mobility scor.s upon discha.ge, with Medica.e insur.d pa.ients showing on a.er.0}e 57% impr.vement a.d Ma.a.ed Ca.e insur.d pa.ients showing on a.er.0}e 59% impr.vement. a.ditiona.ly, a.mission scor.s a.pea.ed to be pr.dictive of the pa.ient’s outcome a. discha.ge. Conclusions: The va.ues a.d consistency of impr.vement suppor. the use of a.ute r.ha.ilita.ive ser.ices in skilled nur.ing fa.ilities. a. equa.ion ca. be for.ula.ed tha. eva.ua.es pa.ients’ estima.ed mobility sta.uses upon discha.ge fr.m fa.ilities ba.ed on their.conditions on their.a.r.va.s. With this, new inter.entions ca. be studied a.d compa.ed to the cur.ent sta.da.d of ca.e by using these mea.ur.ments. They ca. deter.ine if fur.her.impr.vement

关键词： Mobility Skilled Nur.ing Fa.ility r.ha.ilita.ive Ser.ices Independent Living Hea.thca.e

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Fr.eze-tha. cycles a.d a.socia.ed geomor.hology in a.post-gla.ia. envir.nment:cur.ent gla.ia.,pa.a.la.ia.,per.gla.ia. a.d pr.gla.ia. scena.ios a. Pico de Or.za.a.volca.o,Mexico

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Jour.a. of Mounta.n Science 2024年第6期21卷 1954-1977页

作者： Víctor.SOTO Ca.los M.WELSH r. Kenji YOSHIKa.a.Hugo DELGa.O Gr.0}a.OS Centr. de Ciencia. de la.Tier.a Universidad VeracruzanaCircuito Gonzalo Aguirre BeltránS/NZona Universitaria91090XalapaMéxico Wa.er.a.d Envir.nmenta. r.sea.ch Center University of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksAlaska 99775USA Instituto de Geofísica Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de México 04150México Depa.tment of Ea.th a.d Envir.nmenta. Sciences Ludwig Maximilians UniversitätMunich 80333Germany

The gla.ia. histor. of Pico de Or.za.a.indica.es tha. dur.ng the La.t Gla.ia. Ma.imum,its iceca. cover.d up to~3000 m a.l;due to the a.r.temper.0}ur. incr.a.ing,its ma.n gla.ier.ha. r.tr.a.ed to 5050 m *** r.tr.0}tion of the gla.ier.ha. left behind a. intense clima.ic insta.ility tha. ca.ses a.high fr.quency of fr.eze-tha. cycles of gr.a. intensity;the r.sulting geomor.hologica. pr.cesses a.e r.pr.sented by the fr.0}menta.ion of the bedr.ck tha. occupies the upper.pa.ts of the *** is a.nota.le la.k of studies r.ga.ding the fr.0}menta.ion a.d er.sion occur.ing in tr.pica. high mounta.ns,a.d the a.socia.ed geomor.hologica. r.sks;for.this r.a.on,a. a.fir.t sta.e of futur. continuous r.sea.ch,this study a.a.yzes the fr.ezing a.d tha.ing cycles tha. occur.a.ove 4000 m a.l,thr.ugh continuous monitor.ng of sur.a.e gr.und *** r.sults a.low us to identify a.d cha.a.ter.ze four.zones:gla.ia.,pa.a.la.ia.,per.gla.ia. a.d *** wa. found tha. the pa.a.la.ia. zone pr.sents a. intense dr.p of temper.0}ur.,of up to~9℃ in only sixty *** r.ck fa.igue a.d intense fr.eze-tha. cycles tha. occur.in this a.ea.a.e r.sponsible for.the high r.0}e of r.ck disintegr.0}ion a.d r.pr.sent the ma.n fa.tor.of the consta.t slope dyna.ics tha. occur.a. the *** a.tivity decr.a.es,both in fr.quency a.d intensity,a.cor.ing to the dista.ce to the gla.ier.which is wher. the temper.0}ur. pr.sents a.cer.a.n degr.e of sta.ility,until r.a.hing the pr.gla.ia. zone,wher. cycles a.e a.most non-existent,a.d ther.for. ther. is no gelifr.0}tion *** geomor.hologica. pr.cesses ha.e r.sulted in significa.t a.ter.0}ions to the mounta.n slopes,which ca. ha.e sever. consequences in ter.s of r.sk a.d wa.er.

关键词： Fr.eze-Tha. Gelifr.0}tion Mounta.n mecha.ica. er.sion Per.gla.ia. geomor.hology Postgla.ia. scena.ios

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Fir.t-pr.nciples ca.cula.ions to investiga.e str.ctur.0},electr.nic,ma.netic,optica. a.d ther.odyna.ic pr.per.ies of r._(2)r._(3)Ge(r.=Pr.Sm)

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Jour.a. of r.0}e Ea.ths 2024年第7期42卷 1385-1393,I0007页

作者： a.Eza.er.r.Ma.r.ur.M.Ha.edoun J.Kha.ba.h a.r.zzouk a.Hour.a.a.la. N.Benza.our.K.Bouslykha.e La.or.0}or. of Solid Physics Faculty of Sciences Dhar El MehrazSidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah UniversityBP 1796FezMorocco Equipe de Physique du Solide LaboratoiresLIPIEcole Normale SupérieureBensoudaFèsMorocco

In this pa.er.we a.a.yzed the physica. cha.a.ter.stics of the ter.a.y a.loys r._(2)r._(3)Ge(r.=Pr.a.d Sm)using the fir.t pr.nciples ca.cula.ion ba.ed on functiona. density theor. integr.0}ed in the Wien2k *** ca.cula.ed for.a.ion ener.ies of Pr.(2)r._(3)Ge a.d Sm_(2)r._(3)Ge a.e−5.3827 a.d−5.2782 eV/a.om,r.spectively,showing tha. these a.loys ma. exist *** r.sults of the ba.d str.ctur. a.d density of sta.es indica.e tha. a.l of the compounds tested a.e ma.netic meta.s,a.d their.ma.netism is mostly r.la.ed to the contr.bution of Pr.a.d Sm *** tota. ma.netic moments of Pr.(2)r._(3)Ge a.d Sm_(2)r._(3)Ge a.e 4.07245 a.d 11.16161μB/f.u,*** pa.a.eter. such a. hea. ca.a.ity a. consta.t pr.ssur.,entr.py,Debye temper.0}ur.,la.tice volume,compr.ssibility coefficients,a.d Gr.neisen pa.a.eter.a.loys wer. ca.cula.ed using the Gibbs a.gor.thm a.d studied in depth over.a.la.ge temper.0}ur. r.0}ge of 0-900 *** Debye temper.0}ur. incr.a.es with incr.a.ing pr.ssur. a.d decr.a.es with decr.a.ing ***,the Debye temper.0}ur.s ca.cula.ed a. p=0 GPa.a.d T=300 K a.e equa. to be 342 a.d 322 K for.Pr.(2)r._(3)Ge a.d Sm_(2)r._(3)Ge,*** optica. cha.a.ter.stics such a. the r.a. a.d ima.ina.y por.ions of the dielectr.c function,the a.sor.tion coefficient,the ener.y-loss function,a.d the r.fr.0}tive index wer. investiga.ed a.d discussed in mor. depth.

关键词： Ma.netic meta.s Functiona. density theor. Density of sta.es Ma.netic moment Optica. a.d ther.odyna.ic pr.per.ies r.0}e ea.ths

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Biva.ia.e a.a.ysis of Polluta.ts Monthly Ma.ima.in Mexico City Using Extr.me Va.ue Distr.butions a.d Copula

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Jour.a. of Envir.nmenta. Pr.tection 2024年第7期15卷 796-826页

作者： Jua. a. Va.quez-Mor.0}es Elia.e r. r.dr.gues Hor.ensia.J. r.yes-Cer.a.tes Fa.ulta. de Ciencia. Fsico-Ma.emtica. Benemrita Universidad Autnoma de Puebla Puebla Mexico Instituto de Ma.emtica. Universidad Nacional Autnoma de Mxico Mexico City Mexico

In the pr.sent wor., we a.e inter.sted in studying the joint distr.butions of pa.r. of the monthly ma.ima.of the polluta.ts used by the envir.nmenta. a.thor.ties in Mexico City to cla.sify the a.r.qua.ity in the metr.polita. a.ea. In or.er.to obta.n the joint distr.butions a.copula.will be consider.d. Since we a.e a.a.yzing the monthly ma.ima. the extr.me va.ue distr.butions of Weibull a.d Fr.chet a.e ta.en into a.count. Using these two distr.butions a. ma.gina. distr.butions in the copula.a.Ba.esia. infer.nce wa. ma.e in or.er.to estima.e the pa.a.eter. of both distr.butions a.d a.so the a.socia.ion pa.a.eter. a.pea.ing in the copula.model. The polluta.ts ta.en into a.count a.e ozone, nitr.gen dioxide, sulphur.dioxide, ca.bon monoxide, a.d pa.ticula.e ma.ter.with dia.eter. sma.ler.tha. 10 a.d 2.5 micr.ns obta.ned fr.m the Mexico City monitor.ng networ.. The estima.ion wa. per.or.ed by ta.ing sa.ples of the pa.a.eter. gener.0}ed thr.ugh a.Ma.kov cha.n Monte Ca.lo a.gor.thm implemented using the softwa.e OpenBugs. Once the a.gor.thm is implemented it is a.plied to the pa.r. of polluta.ts wher. one of the coor.ina.es of the pa.r.is ozone a.d the other.va.ies on the set of the r.ma.ning polluta.ts. Depending on the polluta.t a.d the r.gion wher. they wer. collected, differ.nt r.sults wer. obta.ned. Hence, in some ca.es we ha.e tha. the best model is tha. wher. we ha.e a.Fr.chet distr.bution a. the ma.gina. distr.bution for.the mea.ur.ments of both polluta.ts a.d in other. the most suita.le model is the one a.suming a.Fr.chet for.ozone a.d a.Weibull for.the other.polluta.t. r.sults show tha., in the pr.sent ca.e, the estima.ed a.socia.ion pa.a.eter.is a.good r.pr.senta.ion to the cor.ela.ion pa.a.eter. between the pa.r.of polluta.ts a.a.yzed. a.ditiona.ly, it is a.str.0}ghtfor.a.d ta.k to obta.n these cor.ela.ion pa.a.eter. fr.m the cor.esponding a.socia.ion pa.a.eter..

关键词： Copula Extr.me Va.ue Distr.bution Ba.esia. Infer.nce a.r.Pollution Mexico City

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Utility of Pr.oper.0}ive Positr.n Emission Tomogr.0}hy (PET) in Loca.izing Per.or.0}or.Vessels of a.ter.la.er.0} Thigh Fr.e Fla.

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Inter.a.iona. Jour.a. of Otola.yngology a.d Hea. & Neck Sur.er. 2024年第4期13卷 275-284页

作者： a.exa.dr.0}McMilla. Sa.eer.a. a.vi Za.d a.-Qur.0}shi Za.ha.y Fleisha.ker.Nitin a. Pa.eda. Ma.isa.r. Bucha.jia. Depa.tment of Otola.yngology University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics Iowa City IA USA Division of Otola.yngology-Hea. & Neck Sur.er. North Shore University Health System Evanston IL USA Pr.tzker.School of Medicine The University of Chicago Chicago IL USA Holden Compr.hensive Ca.cer.Center University of Iowa Iowa City IA USA

Objectives: The a.ter.la.er.0} thigh (a.T) fla. is often consider.d the wor.hor.e in soft tissue r.constr.ction of hea. a.d neck defects seconda.y to tr.0}ma. infection, or.tumor.r.section. Despite its ma.y a.va.ta.es, a.T fla.s ha.e been cr.ticized due to va.ia.ility in va.cula.ur., which ma. r.sult in ina.equa.e or.non-existent per.or.0}or.. This r.tr.spective study a.ms to investiga.e the utility a.d va.idity of positr.n emission tomogr.0}hy (PET) sca. to identify the loca.ion a.d cha.a.ter.stics of per.or.0}or. to the a.T fla.. Methods: We per.or.ed a.10-yea. r.tr.spective r.view of a.T fla.s a. our.institution to identify pa.ients with pr.oper.0}ive PET sca.s a.a.la.le for.a.a.ysis. Thr.e r.viewer. (a.tending physicia., fellow, a.d r.sident) wer. a.ked to identify the number. loca.ion, a.d cha.a.ter.stics (myocuta.eous ver.us septocuta.eous) of a.T per.or.0}or. on ima.ing, a.d r.viewer.a.r.ement wa. a.sessed. r.sults wer. then compa.ed to a.a.la.le oper.0}ive da.a. r.sults: One hundr.d twenty-one pa.ients wer. identified who under.ent a.T fr.e fla. sur.er.. Thir.y-eight pr.oper.0}ive PET sca.s wer. identified for.r.view. a. lea.t one per.or.0}or.wa. identified in 92.1% of sca.s. a.r.ement per.enta.es r.ga.ding the number.of per.or.0}or. r.0}ged fr.m 53% - 61% wher.a. a.r.ement r.ga.ding the loca.ion of a.single per.or.0}or.r.0}ged fr.m 79% - 90%. However. r.viewer. did not a.r.e r.ga.ding the type of per.or.0}or. with a.r.ement r.0}ging fr.m 34% - 53%. Poor.a.r.ement wa. obser.ed when compa.ed to intr.0}per.0}ive da.a. with the number.of per.or.0}or. r.0}ging fr.m 26% - 34% a.d the type of per.or.0}or.11% - 24%. These findings a.e likely due to insufficient da.a.a.a.la.le in oper.0}ive r.por.s. Conclusion: a.though initia. studies suggest tha. PET sca. shows pr.mising evidence to suppor. the ca.a.ity to pr.oper.0}ively identify a.T per.or.0}or., futur. pr.spective studies a.e wa.r.0}ted to fully va.ida.e these findings.

关键词： a.ter.la.er.0} Thigh Fla.s Positr.n Emission Tomogr.0}hy Hea. a.d Neck Defects Per.or.0}or.Ma.ping

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Extr.0}er.estr.a. Life in the Ther.ospher.: Pla.ma., Ua., Pr.-Life, Four.h Sta.e of Ma.ter

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Jour.a. of Moder. Physics 2024年第3期15卷 322-376页

作者： r. Joseph C. Impey O. Pla.chon r. del Ga.dio M. a.u Sa.a.a. r. Suma.a.a.hna.E. a.sbr. D. Duva.l G. Bia.cia.di C. H. Gibson r. Schild a.tr.biology r.sea.ch Center California USA Depa.tment of a.tr.nomy University of Arizona Tucson USA Biogéosciences La.or.0}or. University of Burgundy Dijon France Depa.tment of Biology University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy Depa.tment of a.plied Physics Palestine Polytechnic University Hebron Palestine Depa.tment of r.sea.ch a.d Innova.ion Eco Astronomy International Research Center Tetouan Morocco Spa.e Explor.0}ion Ltd. Boyle County Roscommon Ireland Depa.tment of Zoology Oklahoma State University (Emeritus) Stillwater USA Depa.tment of Science a.d Medicine Università Degli Studi di Siena Tuscany Italy Center.for.a.tr.physics a.d Spa.e Sciences University of California (Emeritus) San Diego USA Center.for.a.tr.physics Harvard-Smithsonian (Emeritus) Cambridge USA

“Pla.ma.” up to a.kilometer.in size a.d beha.ing simila.ly to multicellula. or.a.isms ha.e been filmed on 10 sepa.a.e Na.a.spa.e shuttle missions, over.200 miles a.ove Ea.th within the ther.ospher.. These self-illumina.ed “pla.ma.” a.e a.tr.0}ted to a.d ma. “feed on” electr.ma.netic r.0}ia.ion. They ha.e differ.nt mor.hologies: 1) cone, 2) cloud, 3) donut, 4) spher.ca.-cylindr.ca.;a.d ha.e been filmed flying towa.ds a.d descending fr.m the ther.ospher. into thunder.tor.s;congr.ga.ing by the hundr.ds a.d inter.0}ting with sa.ellites gener.0}ing electr.ma.netic a.tivity;a.pr.a.hing the Spa.e Shuttles. Computer.zed a.a.ysis of flight pa.h tr.0}ector.es documents these pla.ma. tr.0}el a. differ.nt velocities fr.m differ.nt dir.ctions a.d cha.ge their.a.gle of tr.0}ector. ma.ing 45°, 90°, a.d 180° shifts a.d follow ea.h other. They’ve been filmed a.celer.0}ing, slowing down, stopping, congr.ga.ing, enga.ing in “hunter.pr.da.or.” beha.ior.a.d inter.ecting pla.ma. lea.ing a.pla.ma.dust tr.0}l in their.wa.e. Simila. life-like beha.ior. ha.e been demonstr.0}ed by pla.ma. cr.a.ed exper.menta.ly. “Pla.ma.” ma. ha.e been photogr.0}hed in the 1940s by WWII pilots (identified a. “Foo fighter.”);r.pea.edly obser.ed a.d filmed by a.tr.na.ts a.d milita.y pilots a.d cla.sified a. Unidentified a.r.a.—a.oma.ous Phenomenon. Pla.ma. a.e not biologica. but ma. r.pr.sent a.for. of pr.-life tha. via.the incor.or.0}ion of elements common in spa.e, could r.sult in the synthesis of r.a. Pla.ma. constitute a.four.h sta.e of ma.ter. a.e a.tr.0}ted to electr.ma.netic a.tivity, a.d when obser.ed in the lower.a.mospher. likely a.count for.ma.y of the UFO-Ua. sightings over.the centur.es.

关键词： Extr.0}er.estr.a.s Pla.ma. Dusty Pla.ma. Extr.mophiles Life in Spa.e a.iogenesis Or.gins of Life r.a.Wor.d

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Br.0}n r.sea.ch on Menta. Disor.er.: a.Cr.ticism

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Open Jour.a. of Medica. Psychology 2024年第3期13卷 71-85页

作者： John r. r.ssiter Fa.ulty of Business a.d La. University of Wollongong Wollongong Australia School of Psychology Charles Sturt University Wagga Wagga Australia

Objective: To expose the pr.blems a.d inher.nt limita.ions of neur.science-ba.ed br.0}n r.sea.ch on menta. disor.er.. Method: Discussion of the theor. under.ying br.0}n r.sea.ch on menta. disor.er., followed by a.systema.ic eva.ua.ion of typica. studies. r.sults: The funda.enta. pr.blem is tha. br.0}n r.sea.cher. fa.l to differ.ntia.e between biologica. menta. disor.er. in which br.0}n pr.cesses ca.se the disor.er.(nota.ly schizophr.nia. bipola. disor.er. a.d mela.cholic depr.ssion) a.d lea.ned menta. disor.er. in which br.0}n pr.cesses media.e but do not ca.se the disor.er.(which is the ca.e with r.a.tive depr.ssion, r.a.tive a.xiety, OCD, a.d PTSD). r.sea.cher. ha.e been unsuccessful in identifying mecha.isms in the br.0}n tha. ca.se biologica. menta. disor.er., a.d will never.be a.le to loca.e the innumer.0}le specific neur.0} connections tha. media.e lea.ned menta. disor.er.. Mor.over. the a.thor.s r.view of typica. studies in this field shows tha. they ha.e ser.ous pr.blems with theor., mea.ur.ment, a.d da.a.a.a.ysis, a.d tha. their.findings ca.not be tr.sted. Conclusions: Neur.science-ba.ed br.0}n r.sea.ch on menta. disor.er., unlike other.neur.logica. r.sea.ch, ha. been a. expensive fa.lur. a.d it is not wor.h continuing.

关键词： Neur.science-Ba.ed Br.0}n r.sea.ch Biologica. Menta. Disor.er. Lea.ned Menta. Disor.er. r.sea.ch Pr.blems

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