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FSPM-P： towards a general functional-structural plant model for robust and comprehensive model development

Frontiers of Computer Science 2016年第6期10卷 1103-1117页

作者： Michael HENKE Winfried KURTH gerhard H. buck-sorlin Department of Ecoinformatics Biometrics and Forest Growth University of Gottingen Gottingen 37077 Germany UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS) AGROCAMPUS OUEST Centre d'Angers Angers 49045 France

In the last decade, functional-structural plant modelling （FSPM） has become a more widely accepted paradigm in crop and tree production, as 3D models for the most important crops have been proposed. Given the wider portfolio of available models, it is now appropriate to enter the next level in FSPM development, by introducing more efficient methods for model development. This includes the consideration of model reuse （by modularisafion）, combination and comparison, and the enhancement of existing mod- els. To facilitate this process, standards for design and communication need to be defined and established. We present a first step towards an efficient and general, i.e., not speciesspecific FSPM, presently restricted to annual or bi-annual plants, but with the potential for extension and further generalization. Model structure is hierarchical and object-oriented, with plant organs being the base-level objects and plant individual and canopy the higher-level objects. Modules for the majority of physiological processes are incorporated, more than in other platforms that have a similar aim （e.g., photosynthesis, organ formation and growth）. Simulation runs with several general parameter sets adopted from the literature show that the present prototype was able to reproduce a plausible output range for different crops （rapeseed, barley, etc.） in terms of both the dynamics and final values （at harvest time） of model state variables such as assimilate production, organ biomass, leaf area and architecture.

关键词： functional-structural plant model prototyping,modelling standards teaching / learning FSPM GroIMP

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Physics-based algorithm to simulate tree dynamics under wind load

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2020年第2期13卷 26-32页

作者： Lifeng Xu Zhongzhu Yang Weilong Ding gerhard buck-sorlin College of Computer Science&Technology Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310026China IRHS INRAEAGROCAMPUS OUESTUniversitéd'AngersSFR 4207 QUASAV42 rue Georges Morel49071 BeaucouzécedexFrance

Rapid development in the different computer science fields during the recent decades has facilitated the creation of new applications in the area of dynamic simulation of plant *** these new applications,simulation of trees swaying in the wind is of great importance,as those computer graphics related areas,e.g.,computer games,tree cultivation and forest management simulations,help a lot in revealing the mechanisms of tree dynamics under wind ***,it is a big challenge to balance the effect of visualization in real time and calculation efficiency for any simulation algorithm.A physics-based algorithm to simulate tree dynamics under wind load was proposed in this study.A mechanistic model simulating the bending of a cantilever beam was used within the algorithm to simulate deformation of stems,and the algorithm was integrated with a landscape model in which different types of trees were constructed with an L-system-based *** results show that realistic dynamic effects can be achieved with reasonably high computational efficiency.

关键词： physics-based algorithm tree model L-system Cantilever beam

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Effects of flight parameters for plant protection UAV on droplets deposition rate based on a 3D simulation approach

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2023年第1期16卷 66-72页

作者： Lifeng Xu Zhongzhu Yang Zusheng Huang Weilong Ding gerhard buck-sorlin College of Computer Science&Technology Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310026China IRHS INRAEAGROCAMPUS OUESTUniversite d’AngersSFR 4207 QUASAV42 rue Georges Morel49071 BeaucouzécedexFrance

With the development of aviation agricultural technology,the number of farmers adopting the use of drones in daily agricultural activities is growing rapidly in recent *** these,a large portion constitutes agricultural drones being used in pest control and crop protection practices,*** spraying of *** pesticides with drones have proven to be faster than other traditional *** the downside,flight time and range of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAV)are often ***,a proper arrangement of flight height and velocity will greatly improve spraying efficiency.A new strategy to optimize the flight parameters,*** height and flight velocity,for fixed-wing UAV with a 3D simulation-based approach together with an automatic optimization algorithm was proposed in this *** find the optimal parameters for a UAV to fly and spray under certain environmental conditions,a three-dimensional model of the target crop was established first,followed by a detailed simulation of droplet *** a demonstration case,a grass model was developed and used as the target plant,and a physics-based method was used to simulate realistically the movement of the droplets in the air as well as the interaction between the droplets and the plant to obtain the droplet deposition rate under the specified operating ***,the standard Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)algorithm was used to optimize the UAV operating parameters to obtain the best operating *** results indicate that using the standard PSO algorithm to optimize the operating parameters of the drone could significantly improve the deposition rate and find the best operating parameters.

关键词： unmanned aerial vehicle droplet deposition 3D simulation particle swarm optimization algorithm

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基于GroIMP的水稻功能与结构仿真模型研究

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系统仿真学报 2013年第7期25卷 1476-1483,1489页

作者：徐利锋危扬丁维龙 gerhard buck-sorlin 程志君浙江工业大学计算机科学与技术学院 UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences(IRHS) 49045 Angers Cedex 01France

为探索植物仿真模型构建方法及提高仿真模型构建效率,设计并实现了一个基于相关生长语法RGG及扩展L系统的植物模型构建语言XL的水稻秧苗功能与结构模型。该模型包含了光环境模块、植物结构模型、生理功能模型以及环境设置模块,从而能够... 详细信息

为探索植物仿真模型构建方法及提高仿真模型构建效率,设计并实现了一个基于相关生长语法RGG及扩展L系统的植物模型构建语言XL的水稻秧苗功能与结构模型。该模型包含了光环境模块、植物结构模型、生理功能模型以及环境设置模块,从而能够在植物外部形态层面及内部生理功能层面同时来描述虚拟植物的生长过程,并通过对植物生理过程与形态结构及环境因子的交互作用的考虑,能够在开源及交互的建模平台GroIMP上实现对虚拟植物的生长状态进行综合预测与动态可视化。简要地介绍了模型中主要模块及子模型构建的主要方法及模型构建的关键步骤,并通过模型的图形、数据输出验证了模型的有效性。经过简单地扩展,构建的模型可以直接应用到水稻整个生长期的建模仿真研究中。

关键词：植物仿真相关生长语法扩展L系统功能与结构模型光环境 GroIMP

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整合数量遗传信息的水稻虚拟生长模型研究进展

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生物数学学报 2017年第3期32卷 376-388页

作者：徐利锋 gerhard buck-sorlin 丁维龙高楠浙江工业大学计算机科学与技术学院浙江杭州310023 UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences(IRHS)

随着全球人口的持续增加和环境的恶化,粮食作物的高产作为解决粮食短缺必不可少的途径,一直受到科学家们的广泛关注.运用可视化技术和作物模型相结合的方法,来研究植物的基因型-表现型相互反馈是一种新型的研究手段.其中,运用植物功能... 详细信息

随着全球人口的持续增加和环境的恶化,粮食作物的高产作为解决粮食短缺必不可少的途径,一直受到科学家们的广泛关注.运用可视化技术和作物模型相结合的方法,来研究植物的基因型-表现型相互反馈是一种新型的研究手段.其中,运用植物功能与结构模型的方法,能够对作物株型研究和传统育种进行辅助,从而促进育种进程.本文以水稻的虚拟生长模型为例,从运用作物模型及功能与结构模型进行QTL定位研究出发,阐述了植物模型研究的研究现状.重点综述了水稻功能与结构模型应用于虚拟育种研究的进展,提出了目前运用水稻生长模型进行虚拟育种研究中存在的问题和弊端,并论述了可能的解决方案,最后进行了相关的讨论和展望.

关键词：遗传信息水稻虚拟植物模型功能与结构

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Translocator protein and neurodegeneration: insights from Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1090-1091页

作者： Arpit Kumar Pradhan Rainer Rupprecht gerhard Rammes Klinik für Anaesthesiologie und Intensivmedizin der Technischen Universität München Klinikum rechts der IsarMunichGermany Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenMartinsriedGermany Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University RegensburgRegensburgGermany

The 18 kDa translocator protein(TSPO)located on the outer mitochondrial membrane regulates several key cellular processes including mitochondrial homeostasis,cholesterol transport,apoptosis,cell proliferation,and maintenance of mitochondrial health(Rupprecht et al.,2022,2023).TSPO is expressed in both peripheral organs and the central nervous system,with a more pronounced expression in tissues that produce *** main reason why TSPO has garnered so much attention is because it plays a key role in neurosteroidogenesis by transferring cholesterol from the outer to the inner mitochondrial membrane,which is the rate-limiting step in neurosteroid synthesis.A cholesterol-recognizing amino acid consensus domain has been identified in the cytosolic C terminus of the TSPO protein by both in vitro and site-directed mutagenesis experiments(Li et al.,2001).However,the role of TSPO in the process of neurosteroid synthesis has been challenged by several studies,particularly TSPO knockout models,which suggest that TSPO removal does not affect the phenotype or the system’s viability(Tu et al.,2014).However,ligands targeting TSPO have been shown to enhance levels of neurosteroids which suggests that neurosteroidogenesis is one of the major functional roles mediated by the TSPO protein.

关键词： cholesterol organs

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RESILIENCE 2.0： COMPUTER-AIDED DISASTER MANAGEMENT

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2017年第3期26卷 321-335页

作者： gerhard Chroust Georg Aumayr Institute for Telecooperation Johannes Kepler University Linz Austria Johanniter Osterreich Ausbildung und Forschung Vienna Austria

Many factors （larger population, more dependency on technology, more human-caused interference in the natural systems and equilibria, climate changes,... ） contribute to the seemingly growing number and severity of disasters. Additional exaggeration is generated by public media. As a consequence Disaster Prevention and Disaster Management must be given increased attention. The ultimate goal of Disaster Management is resilience of the affected system and thus the adequate and acceptable survival of the affected population. We discuss system behavior in the case of an assault or disturbance： from being fragile （loss of their functionality due to the assault） to being resilient （having the capacity ... of bouncing back to dynamic stability after a disturbance）, or even antifragile （being able to ＂learn＂ so as to improve disaster resilience）. Resilience 2. 0 identifies a new paradigm： modem Information and Communication Technologies （ICT） are employed as a basis for enabling and improving resilience of a system. ICT provide the basis for sufficient preparation before an assault, for quick recognition of, and for effective, efficient reactions to disasters. Only the coordinated intra- and interphase deployment of ICT promises sufficient success and can bring resilience to currently as yet fragile systems. We discuss stressors （time and performance pressure, physical and psychological stress on personnel） and problems due to damaged ICT-platforms and communication infrastructure. The basic message is that computer-aided Disaster Management is able to offers a new level of reactivity： Resilience 2.0.

关键词： Disaster vulnerability resilience human reaction hazard threat systemic reaction

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Biomimetic Sensors:Active Electrolocation of Weakly Electric Fish as a Model for Active Sensing in Technical Systems

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2007年第2期4卷 85-90页

作者： gerhard von der Emde Zoological Institute University of Bonn53115 BonnGermany

Instead of vision, many nocturnal animals use alternative senses for navigation and object detection in their dark environment. For this purpose, weakly electric mormyrid fish employ active electrolocation, during which they discharge a specialized electric organ in their tail which discharges electrical pulses. Each discharge builds up an electrical field around the fish, which is sensed by cutaneous electroreceptor organs that are distributed over most of the body surface of the fish. Nearby objects distort this electrical field and cause a local alteration in current flow in those electroreceptors that are closest to the object. By constandy monitoring responses of its electroreceptor organs, a fish can detect, localize, and identify environmental objects. Inspired by the remarkable capabilities of weakly electric fish in detecting and recognizing objects, we designed technical sensor systems that can solve similar problems of remote object sensing. We applied the principles of active electrolocation to technical systems by building devices that produce electrical current pulses in a conducting medium （water or ionized gases） and simultaneously sense local current density. Depending on the specific task a sensor was designed for devices could （i） detect an object, （ii） localize it in space, （iii） determine its distance, and （iv） measure properties such as material properties, thickness, or material faults. Our systems proved to be relatively insensitive to environmental disturbances such as heat, pressure, or turbidity. They have a wide range of applications including material identification, quality control, non-contact distance measurements, medical applications and many more. Despite their astonishing capacities, our sensors still lag far behind what electric fish are able to achieve during active electrolocation. The understanding of the neural principles governing electric fish sensory physiology and the corresponding optimization of our sensors to solve

关键词： biomimetic weakly electric fish sensory system electrolocation sensor

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Spatial modeling issues in future smart cities

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2013年第1期16卷 7-12页

作者： gerhard SCHMITT Department of Architecture and Future Cities Laboratory ETH ZürichZürichSwitzerlandand ETH CREATESingapore

It is our goal to make today’s and future cities smart,sustainable and *** order to achieve this,it is fundamental to understand how each city works,to formalize the knowledge gained and to apply it to a city model as the base for simulations that can generate future scenarios with a high level of *** nature of this model,which must cover design,qualitative and quantitative aspects,has changed over *** this study,we focus on the role of the spatial dimension and of geometry in a city *** from being a dominating generative force in ancient cities,spatial modeling has developed into an underlying description language for present and future cities to define functions and properties of the city in space and *** example of the stocks and flows model applied to the city depicts where and how spatial modeling influences the design,construction and performance of the future Smart City.

关键词： future cities spatial modeling stocks and flows city models reality-based 3D models

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THAI experimental research on hydrogen risk and source term related safety systems

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Frontiers in Energy 2021年第4期15卷 887-915页

作者： Sanjeev GUPTA Martin FREITAG gerhard POSS Becker Technologies GmbH Rahmannstrasse 11Eschborn 65760Germany

In the defense-in-depth concept employed for the safety of nuclear installations,maintaining integrity of containment as the last barrier is of high importance to limit the release of radioactivity to the environment in case of a severe *** active and passive safety systems implemented in containments of light water reactors(LWRs)are designed to limit the consequences of such *** the performance and reliability of such systems under accident conditions is critical to the safety of nuclear *** the aftermath of the Fukushima accident,there has been focus on re-examining the existing safety systems to demonstrate their capabilities for a broader range of boundary conditions comprising both the early as well as the late phases of an *** addition to the performance testing of safety systems,their interaction with containment atmosphere needs detailed investigations to evaluate the effects of operation of safety systems on H2 risk and fission product(FP)behavior in containment,which may ultimately have an impact on the source term to the *** this context,an extensive containment safety related experimental research has been conducted in a thermalhydraulics,hydrogen,aerosols,and iodine test facility(THAI,60 m3,single vessel)/(THAI+,80 m3,two interconnected vessels).Related to the subject of this paper,experimental investigations covered performance testing of various safety and mitigation systems,i.e.,containment spray,passive autocatalytic recombiner(PAR),pressure suppression pool(water pools),and effects of their operation on H2 risk and in-containment FP *** experimental results have provided a better phenomenological understanding and database for validation and further improvement of a safety analysis tool based on computation fluid dynamic(CFD)and lumped parameter(LP)modeling *** paper summarizes the main insights obtained from the aforesaid THAI experimental research covering safety systems

关键词： severe accident containment safety mitigation H2 risk source term

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