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Hordedane diterpenoid phytoalexins restrict Fusarium graminearum infection but enhance Bipolaris sorokiniana colonization of barley roots

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Molecular Plant 2024年第8期17卷 1307-1327页

作者： Yaming Liu Dario Esposto Lisa K.Mahdi Andrea Porzel Pauline Stark Hidayat Hussain Anja Scherr-Henning Simon Isfort ulschan.Bathe Ivan F.Acosta Alga Zuccaro gerd u.balck. Alain Tissier Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology Leibniz Institute of Plant BiochemistryHalleGermany Institute for Plant Sciences Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences(CEPLAS)Cologne BiocenterUniversity of CologneCologneGermany Department of Bioorganic Chemistry Leibniz Institute of Plant BiochemistryHalleGermany Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research CologneGermany Horticultural Sciences University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA.

Plant immunity is a multilayered process that includes recognition of patterns or effectors from pathogens to elicit defense *** include the induction of a cocktail of defense metabolites that typically restrict pathogen ***,we investigate the interaction between barley roots and the fungal pathogens Bipolaris sorokiniana(Bs)and Fusarium graminearum(Fg)at the metabolite *** identify hordedanes,a previously undescribed set of labdane-related diterpenoids with antimicrobial properties,as critical players in these *** of barley roots by Bs and Fg elicits hordedane synthesis from a 60o-kb gene *** reconstruction of the biosynthesis pathway in yeast and Nicotiana benthamiana produced several hordedanes,including one of the most functionally decorated products 19-β-hydroxy-hordetrienoic acid(19-OH-HTA).Barley mutants in the diterpene synthase genes of this cluster are unable to produce hordedanes but,unexpectedly,show reduced Bs *** contrast,colonization by Fusarium graminearum,another fungal pathogen of barley and wheat,is 4-fold higher in the mutants completely lacking ***,19-OH-HTA enhances both germination and growth of Bs,whereas it inhibits other pathogenic fungi,including *** of microscopy and transcriptomics data suggest that hordedanes delay the necrotrophic phase of *** together,these results show that adapted pathogens such as Bs can subvert plant metabolic defenses to facilitate root colonization.

关键词： barley Hordeum vulgare diterpenoid phytoalexins gene cluster pathogenic fungi Bipolaris sorokininiana Fusarium graminearum

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High order aberration and straylight evaluation after cataract surgery with implantation of an aspheric,aberration correcting monofocal intraocular lens

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2015年第4期8卷 736-741页

作者： Florian T A Kretz Tamer Tandogan Ramin Khoramnia gerd u Auffarth International Vision Correction Research Centre & David J Apple International Laboratory for Ocular Pathology of the Department of Ophthalmology University Hospital Heidelberg International Vision Correction Research Network (***) Augenklinik Ahaus-Raesfeld-Rheine Gerl Group

·AIM: To evaluate the quality of vision in respect to high order aberrations and straylight perception after implantation of an aspheric, aberration correcting,monofocal intraocular lens(IOL).·METHODS: Twenty-one patients(34 eyes) aged 50 to83 y underwent cataract surgery with implantation of an aspheric, aberration correcting IOL(Tecnis ZCB00,Abbott Medical Optics). Three months after surgery they were examined for uncorrected(uDVA) and corrected distance visual acuity(CDVA), contrast sensitivity(CS)under photopic and mesopic conditions with and without glare source, ocular high order aberrations(HOA, Zywave II) and retinal straylight(C-Quant).· RESuLTS: Postoperatively, patients achieved a postoperative CDVA of 0.0 log MAR or better in 97.1% of eyes. Mean values of high order abberations were +0.02±0.27(primary coma components) and-0.04 ±0.16(spherical aberration term). Straylight values of the C-Quant were 1.35±0.44 log which is within normal range of age matched phakic patients. The CS measurements under mesopic and photopic conditions in combination with and without glare did not show any statistical significance in the patient group observed(P ≥0.28).· CONCLuSION: The implantation of an aspherical aberration correcting monofocal IOL after cataractsurgery resulted in very low residual higher order aberration(HOA) and normal straylight.

关键词： cataract aberrations intraocular lens

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Laboratory evaluation of higher-order aberrations and light scattering in explanted opacified intraocular lenses

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Eye and Vision 2021年第1期8卷 124-134页

作者： GrzegorzŁabuz Timur M.Yildirim gerd u.Auffarth Hyeck-Soo Son Ramin Khoramnia David J Apple Center for Vision Research Department of OphthalmologyUniversity of HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 40069120 HeidelbergGermany

Background:Intraocular lens(IOL)calcification is a serious condition that can only be treated by removing the clouded *** explantation bears the risk of complications,it is often deferred until the patient finds the symptoms ***,as the IOL opacifies,visual acuity is minimally affected early *** this study,we assessed the impact of IOL opacification on optical ***:We analyzed ten opacified explanted IOLs(Oculentis GmbH).Wavefront aberrations were obtained with a SHSOphthalmic device(Optocraft GmbH),which features a Hartmann-Shack *** root mean square(RMS)of higher-order aberrations(HOAs)was *** effect of calcification on image quality was assessed through the Strehl ratio(SR).We detected light scattering with a C-Quant(Oculus GmbH)and expressed it as a straylight ***:At 2 mm,3mm and 4 mm,the mean RMS(±standard deviation)was 0.033μm(±0.026μm),0.044μm(±0.027),and 0.087μm(±0.049),*** mean SR value was 0.81±0.15 at 3 mm,with four IOLs showing a nearly diffraction-limited performance,but in two explants,opacification precluded reliable *** straylight was found in all opacified IOLs with a mean value of 150.2±56.3 deg^(2)/sr at 3 ***:We demonstrated that IOL opacification induces ***,the RMS remained low,which resulted only in a slight reduction of the SR-derived optical *** the other hand,we found a severe straylight elevation in the opacified lenses,which may result in dysphotopsia,such as glare,and subjective complaints,despite good visual acuity.

关键词： Higher-order aberrations Intraocular lens Straylight IOL opacification

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Complications of dexamethasone implants:risk factors,prevention,and clinical management

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2020年第10期13卷 1612-1620页

作者： Nil Celik Ramin Khoramnia gerd.u Auffarth Saadettin Sel Christian S Mayer Department of Ophthalmology University Hospital of HeidelbergHeidelberg 69120Germany

AIM:To evaluate major complications after intravitreal injection of dexamethasone implants(Ozurdex)and their clinical ***:In a retrospective observational study between 2014 and 2016 at two university hospitals,we reviewed the clinical records of 1241 consecutive macular edema patients treated with the dexamethasone implant,and separated severe adverse events in the injection procedure from those that were post-injection *** evaluated the cause and the outcomes in each ***:In twenty-one procedures(1.69%)we noticed significant complications during and after intravitreal injection of the dexamethasone *** related to the injection procedure were in one case,that a second implant was injected by mistake in the same eye on the same *** another case,the implant lodged in the sclera during retraction of the injector *** scleral tunnel at the injection site led to hypotony in another *** were 10 cases of post-injection displacement of the implant into the anterior chamber and one case with a migrated and trapped device between the intraocular lens and an artificial *** typically occurred in patients with preexisting risk factors:eyes with complicated intraocular lens implantation,iris reconstruction or iris defects or pseudophakic eyes after vitrectomy were prone to develop this *** led to secondary corneal decompensation with *** case developed an endophthalmitis,and we observed four cases of retinal *** eyes presented with long-lasting hypotony due to ciliary ***:Treatment with the dexamethasone implant may cause various expected or unexpected complications that may have serious consequences for the patient and require further *** reduce complications,clinicians should evaluate certain risk factors before scheduling patients for dexamethasone implant treatment and use proper injection techniques.

关键词： intravitreal implants dexamethasone implants Ozurdex intravitreal injection slow release drug

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光路追迹法计算角膜屈光手术后人工晶状体的屈光力

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眼科研究 2010年第4期28卷 356-359页

作者：金海鹰郭海科 gerd u Auffarth 张洪洋广东省眼病防治研究所广东省人民医院眼科广东省医学科学院广州510080 海德堡大学眼科国际视力矫正中心德国69120

目的建立光路追迹法计算人工晶状体屈光力的方法,探讨其对角膜屈光手术后人工晶状体屈光力计算的准确性。方法根据眼屈光间质的特点以专业光学设计软件Zemax建立人工晶状体眼模型。对25例角膜屈光手术后白内障患者进行回顾性研究,以Orbs... 详细信息

目的建立光路追迹法计算人工晶状体屈光力的方法,探讨其对角膜屈光手术后人工晶状体屈光力计算的准确性。方法根据眼屈光间质的特点以专业光学设计软件Zemax建立人工晶状体眼模型。对25例角膜屈光手术后白内障患者进行回顾性研究,以OrbscanⅡz或C-Scan测量角膜地形图,获得角膜前表面曲率,以IOL-Master测量眼轴长度。将所得参数及人工晶状体的参数输入光学设计软件Zemax,建立人工晶状体眼的光学模型,计算白内障手术后眼的屈光状态。以手术实际屈光状态为标准,计算二者间的差异为预测误差及预测误差的绝对值为绝对预测误差。统计学分析预测误差与绝对预测误差的平均值、标准差及分布。结果光路追迹法的预测误差为-1.09～1.91 D,平均预测误差为(0.28±0.73)D;绝对预测误差为0.01～1.91 D,平均绝对预测误差为(0.63±0.45)D。绝对预测误差≤0.5 D者9例(36%),0.5 D<绝对预测误差≤1.0 D者12例(48%),1.0 D<绝对预测误差≤1.5 D者3例(12%),1.5 D<绝对预测误差≤2.0 D者1例(4%),绝对预测误差≤1.0 D者21例(84%)。结论光路追迹法是以人工晶状体眼为光学模型计算人工晶状体的屈光力,可对计算角膜屈光手术后人工晶状体屈光力进行较为准确的计算。

关键词：光路追迹人工晶状体屈光力计算角膜屈光手术

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数字图像分析技术对Toric人工晶状体轴偏离的研究

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眼科研究 2010年第2期28卷 163-166页

作者：郭海科金海鹰 gerd.u.Auffarth 张洪洋广东省医学科学院广东省眼病防治研究所广东省人民医院眼科广州510080 德国海德堡大学眼科

目的建立数字图像分析技术对Toric人工晶状体(Toric IOL)的轴偏离进行准确定量的方法。方法以Photoshop图像编辑软件制作检查ToricIOL轴位的标准模板:标有角度的极坐标系最小检测角度为1°。对植入Toric IOL的患者进行术后随访,以Penta... 详细信息

目的建立数字图像分析技术对Toric人工晶状体(Toric IOL)的轴偏离进行准确定量的方法。方法以Photoshop图像编辑软件制作检查ToricIOL轴位的标准模板:标有角度的极坐标系最小检测角度为1°。对植入Toric IOL的患者进行术后随访,以Pentacam或Orbscan角膜地形图分析系统分析角膜最陡峭经线与最平坦经线,患者散瞳后进行眼前节数字图像照相,以检测模板检查Toric IOL柱镜轴位及其与角膜最陡峭经线的夹角为轴偏离角度。以该技术对植入Toric IOL术后的24眼进行分析,分析轴偏离角度与分布范围。结果应用图像编辑与制作技术建立了准确定量ToricIOL轴偏离角度的方法。在分析的24例植入Toric IOL的病例中,轴偏离角度为0°～24°,平均偏离角度为(10.93±6.90)°,均<25°,其中顺时针偏离14例(58.33%),逆时针偏离10例(41.67%)。偏离角度≤5°者4眼,5°<偏离角度≤10°者11眼,10°<偏离角度≤15°者1眼,15°<偏离角度≤20°者6眼,20°<偏离角度≤25°者2眼。结论应用极坐标系可以准确检查ToricIOL柱镜的轴位与轴偏离角度,对提高Toric IOL植入术的效果具有指导意义。

关键词：数字图像分析 Toric人工晶状体轴偏离角膜散光

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Global standard names for the Lowermost Cambrian Series and Stage

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Episodes 2007年第4期30卷 287-289页

作者： Ed Landing Shanchi Peng Loren E. Babcock gerd Geyer Malgorzata Moczydlowska- Vidal New York State Museum Madison Avenue Albany New York 12230 USA. State Key Laboratory of Stratigraphy and Palaeobiology Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology 39 East Beijing Road Nanjing 210008 China School of Earth Sciences The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio 43210 USA Institut für Palaiontologie Bayerische Julius-Maximillians-Universitat Pleicherwall 1 D97070 Würzburg Germany Department of Earth Sciences Uppsala University Norbyvaigen 22 Sweden.

The GSSP marking the base of the Cambrian System was ratified by the luGS in 1992. Ratification of the GSSP point at the base of the Trichophycus pedum Ichnozone in the Fortune Head section, eastern Newfoundland, Canada, automatically defined the conterminant base of the lowermost series and stage of the Cambrian although names for those subdivisions were not proposed at the time of the decision. In 2007, the luGS ratified the names Terreneuvian Series and Fortunian Stage for these previously unnamed chronostratigraphic subdivisions. The Terreneuvian Series replaces the provisional name ＂Series 1,＂ and the Fortunian Stage replaces the provisional name ＂Stage 1,＂ of the Cambrian System.

关键词：寒武纪全球标准地质学测量方法

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Pentacam与IOLMaster对角膜曲率与前房深度测量结果的比较

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眼科新进展 2010年第4期30卷 349-351页

作者：金海鹰郭海科 gerd.u.Auffarth 张洪洋广东省眼病防治研究所广东省人民医院眼科广东省医学科学院广东省广州市510080 德国海德堡大学眼科

目的比较Pentacam与IOLMaster对角膜曲率与前房深度(anterior chamberdepth,ACD)测量的结果。方法采用前瞻性研究,排除有角膜病史、角膜手术史与眼外伤史的患者。纳入125例250眼正常眼,分别用Pentacam与IOLMaster进行角膜曲率半径(最陡... 详细信息

目的比较Pentacam与IOLMaster对角膜曲率与前房深度(anterior chamberdepth,ACD)测量的结果。方法采用前瞻性研究,排除有角膜病史、角膜手术史与眼外伤史的患者。纳入125例250眼正常眼,分别用Pentacam与IOLMaster进行角膜曲率半径(最陡峭径线曲率半径R1、最平坦径线曲率半径R2与平均曲率半径Rmean)与ACD的测量。以配对样本t检验比较检查结果的差异;直线回归分析两种仪器测量结果的相关性。结果Pentacam测量所得R1、R2、Rmean分别为(7.89±0.29)mm、(7.62±0.28)mm与(7.75±0.26)mm,IOLMaster测量结果分别为(7.89±0.30)mm、(7.61±0.29)mm与(7.75±0.27)mm,经配对样本t检验,两种仪器测量结果差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。Pentacam测量所得ACD为(3.57±0.39)mm,高于IOLMaster测量所得结果(3.44±0.40)mm,二者比较差异有统计学意义(t=11.16,P<0.001)。Pentacam与IOLMaster对R1、R2、Rmean与ACD的测量结果均呈较高的相关性,相关系数平方分别为0.97、0.93、0.97与0.82(均为P<0.001)。结论Pentacam与IOLMaster对角膜曲率与ACD的测量结果均呈较高的相关性,表明两种仪器具有较高的测量准确性,可作为晶状体眼与人工晶状体眼视光学特点的研究工具。

关键词： Pentacam分析仪 IOLMaster测量仪角膜曲率前房深度

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Exogenous sphingomyelinase causes impaired intestinal epithelial barrier function

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第39期13卷 5217-5225页

作者： Jürgen Bock Gerhard Liebisch Joachim Schweimer gerd Schmitz Gerhard Rogler Department of Internal Medicine I University of RegensburgGermany Institute for Clinical Chemistry University of Regensburg Germany

AIM: To test the hypothesis that hydrolysis of sphingomyelin to ceramide changes the composition of tight junctions (TJs) with increasing permeability of the intestinal epithelium. METHODS: Monolayers of Caco-2 cells were used as an in vitro model for the intestinal barrier. Permeability was determined by quantifi cation of transepithelialflux and transepithelial resistance. Sphingolipid-rich membrane microdomains were isolated by a discontinuous sucrose gradient and characterized by Western-blot. Lipid content of microdomains was analysed by tandem mass spectrometry. Ceramide was subcellularly localized by immunofluorescent ***: Exogenous sphingomyelinase increased transepithelial permeability and decreased transepithelial resistance at concentrations as low as 0.01 u/mL. Lipid analysis showed rapid accumulation of ceramide in the membrane fractions containing occludin and claudin-4, representing TJs. In these fractions we observed a concomitant decrease of sphingomyelin and cholesterol with increasing concentrations of ceramide. Immunofluorescent staining confirmed clustering of ceramide at the sites of cell-cell contacts. Neutralization of surface ceramide prevented the permeability-increase induced by platelet activating factor. CONCLuSION: Our findings indicate that changes in lipid composition of TJs impair epithelial barrier functions. Generation of ceramide by sphingomyelinases might contribute to disturbed barrier function seen in diseases such as inflammatory, infectious, toxic or radiogenic bowel disease.

关键词： Ceramide Cholesterol Tight-junction Caco-2 cells Permeability Inflammatory bowel disease

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应用旋转Scheimpflug照相系统对角膜参数的研究

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眼科研究 2010年第5期28卷 450-453页

作者：欧忠敏郭海科金海鹰 gerd. u. Auffarth 张洪洋华南师范大学生物光子学研究院广州510631 广东省医学科学院广东省眼病防治研究所广东省人民医院眼科广州510080 Department of Ophthalmology University of HeidelbergHeidelberg 69120INF 400Germany

目的以旋转Scheimpflug照相技术(Pentacam)研究角膜前表面曲率(Ra)、后表面曲率(Rp)及角膜厚度;根据测量结果,探讨角膜屈光力的计算方法。方法应用Pentacam对302名正常角膜的Ra、Rp、角膜厚度及测量所得K值(Km)进行测量,计算Rp与Ra比值(... 详细信息

目的以旋转Scheimpflug照相技术(Pentacam)研究角膜前表面曲率(Ra)、后表面曲率(Rp)及角膜厚度;根据测量结果,探讨角膜屈光力的计算方法。方法应用Pentacam对302名正常角膜的Ra、Rp、角膜厚度及测量所得K值(Km)进行测量,计算Rp与Ra比值(Rp/Ra)、角膜前表面屈光力(Ka)、后表面屈光力(Kp),以几何光学公式计算角膜屈光力(KO)与标定的角膜系数(Nc),对角膜各参数进行正态分布检验,直线回归分析Rp与Ra的相关性。结果各参数均服从正态分布。Ra为(7.74±0.26)mm,Ka为(48.62±1.61)D,CT为(0.545±0.036)mm,与既往报道的数据相似;角膜后表面参数与既往报道的数据及Gullstrand模型眼不同,Rp为(6.44±0.25)mm,Kp为(-6.22±0.24)D,Rp/Ra为0.832±0.017,低于Gullstrand模型眼的参数;Rp与Ra呈直线相关,回归方程为Rp=0.81×Ra+0.17(R2=0.71,Pug照相技术与传统角膜地形图仪原理不同,应用该技术发现Rp、Kp、Rp/Ra及Nc与Gullstrand模型眼参数不同,对于标准化角膜光学模型及角膜屈光力的计算具有指导意义。

关键词：旋转Scheimpflug照相技术 Pentacam 角膜参数角膜屈光力

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