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The protective role of m A during stress-induced granulation

Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2020年第11期12卷 870-880页

作者： Marion Alriquet Giulia Calloni Adrian Martinez-Limon Riccardo Delli Ponti gerd hanspach Martin Hengesbach Gian G.Tartaglia R.Martin Vabulas Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences Goethe University Frankfurt60438 Frankfurt am MainGermany Institute of Biophysical Chemistry Goethe University Frankfurt60438 Frankfurt am MainGermany Centre for Genomic Regulation(CRG) The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology08003 BarcelonaSpain Universitat Pompeu Fabra(UPF) 08003 BarcelonaSpain Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avanqats(ICREA) 08010 BarcelonaSpain Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Goethe University Frankfurt60438 Frankfurt am MainGermany Department of Biology'Charles Darwin Sapienza University of Rome00185 RomeItaly Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia16163 GenoaItaly Present address:Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin Institute of Biochemistry10117 BerlinGermany

Post-transcriptional methylation of N6-adenine and Nl-adenine can affect transcriptome turnover and ***,the regulatory function of N6-methyladenine(m6A)during heat shock has been uncovered,including the enhancement of the phase separation potential of *** response to acute stress,*** shock,the orderly sequestration of mRNAs in stress granules(SGs)is considered important to protect transcripts from the irreversible *** recently,the role of N1-methyladenine(m^(1)A)on mRNAs during acute stress response remains largely *** we show that the methyltransferase complex TRMT6/61A,which generates the tag,is involved in transcriptome protection during heat *** bioinformatics analysis indicates that occurrence of the motif is increased in mRNAs known to be enriched in ***,the m^(1)A-generating methyltransferase TRMT6/61A accumulated in SGs and mass spectrometry confirmed enrichment of in the SG *** insertion of a single methylation motif in the untranslated region of a reporter RNA leads to more efficient recovery of protein synthesis from that transcript after the return to normal *** results demonstrate far-reaching functional consequences of a minimal RNA modification on N1-adenine during acute proteostasis stress.

关键词： stress response stress granules N1-methyladenine

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Unexpected Twinning and Phase-Transition of the Indentation Standards, Their Transition Energies, and Scientific Dichotomy

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2024年第6期12卷 2119-2159页

作者： gerd Kaupp Department of Chemistry University of Oldenburg Oldenburg Germany

The general use of aluminium as an indentation standard for the iteration of contact heights for the determination of ISO-14577 hardness and elastic modulus is challenged because of as yet not appreciated phase-changes in the physical force-depth standard curve that seemed to be secured by claims from 1992. The physical and mathematical analyses with closed formulas avoid the still world-wide standardized energy-law violation by not reserving 33.33% (h2 belief) (or 20% h3/2 physical law) of the loading force and thus energy for all not depth producing events but using 100% for the depth formation is a severe violation of the energy law. The not depth producing part of the indentation work cannot be done with zero energy! Both twinning and structural phase-transition onsets and normalized phase-transition energies are now calculated without iterations but with physically correct closed arithmetic equations. These are reported for Berkovich and cubecorner indentations, including their comparison on geometric grounds and an indentation standard without mechanical twinning is proposed. Characteristic data are reported. This is the first detection of the indentation twinning of aluminium at room temperature and the mechanical twinning of fused quartz is also new. Their disqualification as indentation standards is established. Also, the again found higher load phase-transitions disqualify aluminium and fused quartz as ISO-ASTM 14577 (International Standardization Organization and American Society for Testing and Materials) standards for the contact depth “hc” iterations. The incorrect and still world-wide used black-box values for H- and Er-values (the latter are still falsely called “Young’s moduli” even though they are not directional) and all mechanical properties that depend on them. They lack relation to bulk moduli from compression experiments. Experimentally obtained and so published force vs depth parabolas always follow the linear FN = kh3/2 + Fa equation, where

关键词： Aluminium Fused Quartz Copper Twinning Structural Phase-Transitions Undue Indentation Standards Data Manipulation ZerodurR Absolute Hardness

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Hordedane diterpenoid phytoalexins restrict Fusarium graminearum infection but enhance Bipolaris sorokiniana colonization of barley roots

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Molecular Plant 2024年第8期17卷 1307-1327页

作者： Yaming Liu Dario Esposto Lisa K.Mahdi Andrea Porzel Pauline Stark Hidayat Hussain Anja Scherr-Henning Simon Isfort Ulschan.Bathe Ivan F.Acosta Alga Zuccaro gerd U.Balcke Alain Tissier Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology Leibniz Institute of Plant BiochemistryHalleGermany institute for Plant Sciences Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences(CEPLAS)Cologne BiocenterUniversity of CologneCologneGermany Department of Bioorganic Chemistry Leibniz Institute of Plant BiochemistryHalleGermany Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research CologneGermany Horticultural Sciences University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA.

Plant immunity is a multilayered process that includes recognition of patterns or effectors from pathogens to elicit defense *** include the induction of a cocktail of defense metabolites that typically restrict pathogen ***,we investigate the interaction between barley roots and the fungal pathogens Bipolaris sorokiniana(Bs)and Fusarium graminearum(Fg)at the metabolite *** identify hordedanes,a previously undescribed set of labdane-related diterpenoids with antimicrobial properties,as critical players in these *** of barley roots by Bs and Fg elicits hordedane synthesis from a 60o-kb gene *** reconstruction of the biosynthesis pathway in yeast and Nicotiana benthamiana produced several hordedanes,including one of the most functionally decorated products 19-β-hydroxy-hordetrienoic acid(19-OH-HTA).Barley mutants in the diterpene synthase genes of this cluster are unable to produce hordedanes but,unexpectedly,show reduced Bs *** contrast,colonization by Fusarium graminearum,another fungal pathogen of barley and wheat,is 4-fold higher in the mutants completely lacking ***,19-OH-HTA enhances both germination and growth of Bs,whereas it inhibits other pathogenic fungi,including *** of microscopy and transcriptomics data suggest that hordedanes delay the necrotrophic phase of *** together,these results show that adapted pathogens such as Bs can subvert plant metabolic defenses to facilitate root colonization.

关键词： barley Hordeum vulgare diterpenoid phytoalexins gene cluster pathogenic fungi Bipolaris sorokininiana Fusarium graminearum

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A Hierarchy of Compatibility and Comeasurability Levels in Quantum Logics with Unique Conditional Probabilities

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2010年第12期54卷 974-980页

作者： gerd Niestegge Zillertalstrasse 39 81373 Muenchen Germany

In the quantum mechanical Hilbert space formalism, the probabilistic interpretation is a later ad-hocadd-on, more or less enforced by the experimental evidence, but not motivated by the mathematical model *** involving a clear probabilistic interpretation from the very beginning is provided by the quantum logics withunique conditional *** includes the projection lattices in von Neumann algebras and here probabilityconditionalization becomes identical with the state transition of the Lüders-von Neumann measurement *** the definition of a hierarchy of five compatibility and comeasurability levels in the abstract setting of thequantum logics with unique conditional *** meanings are: the absence of quantum interference orinfluence, the existence of a joint distribution, simultaneous measurability, and the independence of the final stateafter two successive measurements from the sequential order of these two measurements.A further level means that twoelements of the quantum logic (events) belong to the same Boolean *** the general case, the five compatibilityand comeasurability levels appear to differ, but they all coincide in the common Hilbert space formalism of quantummechanics, in von Neumann algebras, and in some other cases.

关键词： quantum measurement conditional probability quantum logic operator algebras

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The Swelling Equilibria of N-isopropylacrylamide Based Hydrogel in Aqueous Solution of Ethanol

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2003年第3期11卷 264-268页

作者：许小平 HüTHER Andreas MAURER gerd Department of Chemical Engineering Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350002China Lehrstuhl für Technische Thermodynamik Universitt KaiserslauternPostfach 304967663 KaiserslauternGermany

N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) was used to synthesize NIPAAm homopolymer (nonionized) and NIPAAm-sodium methacrylate copolymer (ionized). The swelling equilibria for both gels were obtained in aqueous solution of ethanol with concentration ranging from 0 to 100%(by mass) at 25℃. The swollen gel in water shrank first with the addition of a small amount of ethanol and then reswelled with further addition of ethanol showing not only a discontinuous volume phase transition but also a typical reentrant phenomenon. A thermodynamic model based on the UNIQUAC with the 'free-volume' contribution was applied to correlate and predict the swelling behavior of the poly(NIPAAM)-gels in ethanol-water mixture.

关键词： hydrogel swelling poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) model

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Optical fiber communications 3rd ed.

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丛书名： McGraw-Hill series in electrical and computer engineering. Communications and signal processing

2000年

作者： gerd Keiser

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Multiobjective Electric Machine Optimization for Highest Reliability Demands

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CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems 2020年第2期4卷 71-78页

作者： gerd Bramerdorfer Department of Electrical Drives and Power Electronics Johannes Kepler University LinzAustria

This article is about illustrating a workflow for incorporating reliability measures to typical electric machine design optimization *** measures facilitate comparing designs not only for rated conditions,but also allow to analyze their performance in the presence of unevitable ***,by additionally considering reliability or robustness as objectives compared to conventional optimization scenarios,designs featuring low parameter sensitiveness can be *** analysis of the design’s reliability as part of solving optimization problems involves a significant increase in required numerical *** minimize the associated prolongation of the runtime,an approach featuring a design of experiments based reduction of required computations and a consequent surrogate modeling technique is presented *** successful training,the metamodel can be applied for fast evaluating lots of different parameter combinations.A test problem is defined and *** on the observed findings,the necessity of incorporating robustness evaluations to machine design optimization becomes *** addition,the derived models allow for studying the impact of any tolerance-affected parameter on the machine performance in *** facilitates further beneficial studies,as for instance the analysis of selected changes of tolerance levels rather than a general minimization of the respective ranges which usually is associated with high production cost.

关键词： electric machine optimization,reliability ro-bustness,sensitivity six sigma tolerance analysis

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Mathematica for Theoretical Physics 2nd ed. 2005

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2005年

作者： gerd Baumann

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Robustness Criteria for Concurrent Evaluation of the Impact of Tolerances in Multiobjective Electric Machine Design Optimization

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CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems 2020年第1期4卷 3-12页

作者： gerd Bramerdorfer Department of Electrical Drives and Power Electronics Johannes Kepler University LinzAustria

This article is about a comparison of different measures for determining the robustness or reliability of electric machine designs in the presence of inevitable *** selected criteria shall be suitable for concurrent evaluation in the course of solving state-of-the-art large scale multi-objective opti-mization *** the past,besides particularly customized criteria,mainly gradient based measures,worst case information,or standard deviation based quantities were *** this work,the quantile measure is introduced for electric machine design optimization and compared with the existing *** evaluation of a design’s robustness is typically examined based on finite element *** for most measures a signif-icant number of parameter combinations and thus computations are required,a surrogate model assisted approach is presented to minimize computational effort and runtime.A test problem is defined and analyzed to illustrate the differences of selected robustness *** reveal the importance of considering robustness in the optimization ***,a careful choice of appropriate measures has to be *** designs are compared and conclusions and an outlook on future activities are presented.

关键词： electric machine optimization robustness sen-sitivity six sigma tolerance analysis quantile

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Thermochemical Treatment——Technologies for Recovery and Utilisation of Materials

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过程工程学报 2006年第2期6卷 231-236页

作者： gerd Kley Rudolf Brenneis Burkart Adamczyk Franz-Georg Simon Division Waste Treatment and Remedial Eng. Federal Inst. Materials Research and Testing BAM Berlin 12200 Germany

The arc furnace technology is an ideally suited process for the treatment of hazardous and problematic waste. The operation conditions of the furnace can be adapted for optimal transformation of the waste material input into raw materials and usable products. The process can significantly reduce the impact of contaminated wastes and industrial residues, and enable material conversion and separation. Thus, the products of the process have various applications. The capability of the process is illustrated with three examples, the treatment of bottom ash and filter ash from waste incineration plants, of stainless steel slags and of chromium-containing residues from the refractory industry.

关键词：热化学处理原料分离耐火材料不锈钢

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