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Growth differentiation factor 5:a neurotrophic factor with neuroprotective potential in Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第1期17卷 38-44页

作者： Susan R.Goulding Jayanth Anantha Louise m.Collins Aideen m.Sullivan gerard W.O’Keeffe Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience and Cork Neuroscience CentreUniversity College CorkCorkIreland Department of Physiology University College CorkCorkIreland

Parkinson’s disease is the most common movement disorder worldwide,affecting over 6 million *** is an age-related disease,occurring in 1%of people over the age of 60,and 3%of the population over 80 *** disease is characterized by the progressive loss of midbrain dopaminergic neurons from the substantia nigra,and their axons,which innervate the striatum,resulting in the characteristic motor and non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s *** is paralleled by the intracellular accumulation ofα-synuclein in several regions of the nervous *** therapies are solely symptomatic and do not stop or slow disease *** promising disease-modifying strategy to arrest the loss of dopaminergic neurons is the targeted delivery of neurotrophic factors to the substantia nigra or striatum,to protect the remaining dopaminergic neurons of the nigrostriatal ***,clinical trials of two well-established neurotrophic factors,glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor and neurturin,have failed to meet their primary *** failure is thought to be at least partly due to the downregulation byα-synuclein of Ret,the common co-receptor of glial cell line-derived neurorophic factor and ***/differentiation factor 5 is a member of the bone morphogenetic protein family of neurotrophic factors,that signals through the Ret-independent canonical Smad signaling ***,we review the evidence for the neurotrophic potential of growth/differentiation factor 5 in in vitro and in vivo models of Parkinson’s *** discuss new work on growth/differentiation factor 5’s mechanisms of action,as well as data showing that viral delivery of growth/differentiation factor 5 to the substantia nigra is neuroprotective in theα-synuclein rat model of Parkinson’s *** data highlight the potential for growth/differentiation factor 5 as a disease-modifying therapy for Parkinson’s disease.

关键词： adeno-associated virus bone morphogenetic protein dopaminergic neurons growth/differentiation factor 5 neurodegeneration neuroprotection neurotrophic factor Parkinson’s disease Smad signaling α-synuclein

Statistical analysis of nitrogen use efficiency in Northeast China using multiple linear regression and Random Forest

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第12期21卷 3637-3657页

作者： LIU Ying-xia gerard B.m.HEUVELINK Zhanguo BAI HE Ping JIANG Rong HUANG Shaohui XU Xin-peng Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081P.R.China Soil Geography and Landscape Group Wageningen UniversityWageningen 6700 AAThe Netherlands International Soil Reference and Information Centre-World Soil Information Wageningen 6700 AJThe Netherlands

Understanding the spatial-temporal dynamics of crop nitrogen(N)use efficiency(NUE)and the relationship with explanatory environmental variables can support land-use management and ***,the application of statistical models for evaluating the explanatory variables of space-time variation in crop NUE is still *** this study,stepwise multiple linear regression(SmLR)and Random Forest(RF)were used to evaluate the spatial and temporal variation of NUE indicators(i.e.,partial factor productivity of N(PFPN);partial nutrient balance of N(PNBN))at county scale in Northeast China(Heilongjiang,Liaoning and Jilin provinces)from 1990 to *** variables included agricultural management practices,topography,climate,economy,soil and crop *** revealed that the PFPN was higher in the northern parts and lower in the center of the Northeast China and PNBN increased from southern to northern parts during the 1990–2015 *** NUE indicators decreased with time in most counties during the study *** model efficiency coefficients of the SmLR and RF models were 0.44 and 0.84 for PFPN,and 0.67 and 0.89 for PNBN,*** RF model had higher relative importance of soil and climatic covariates and lower relative importance of crop covariates compared to the SmLR *** planting area index of vegetables and beans,soil clay content,saturated water content,enhanced vegetation index in November&December,soil bulk density,and annual minimum temperature were the main explanatory variables for both NUE *** is the first study to show the quantitative relative importance of explanatory variables for NUE at a county level in Northeast China using RF and *** novel study gives reference measurements to improve crop NUE which is one of the most effective means of managing N for sustainable development,ensuring food security,alleviating environmental degradation and increasing farmer’s profitability.

关键词： partial factor productivity of N partial nutrient balance of N stepwise multiple linear regression Random Forest county scale Northeast China

Global mapping of volumetric water retention at 100,330 and 15000 cm suction using the WoSIS database

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第2期11卷 225-239页

作者： maria Eliza Turek Laura Poggio Niels H.Batjes Robson Andre Armindo Quirijn de Jong van Lier Luis de Sousa gerard B.m.Heuvelink ISRIC-World Soll Information Wageningemthe Netherlands Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering Federal University of ParunaCurtibaR Brazil Soll Geography and Landscope Group Wageningen University Wageningenthe Netherlands Department of Physics Federul University of LavrasMGBrarll CENA-Universiy of Sao Poulo PinacicabasaoBrazil

Present global maps of soil water retention(SWR)are mostly derived from pedotransfer functions(PTFs)applied to maps of other basic soil *** an alternative,'point-based'mapping of soil water content can improve global soil data availability and *** developed point-based global maps with estimated uncertainty of the volumetric SWR at 100,330 and 15000 cm suction using measured SWR data extracted from the WoSIS Soil Profile Database together with data estimated by a random forest PTF(PTF-RF).The point data was combined with around 200 environmental covariates describing vegetation,terrain morphology,climate,geology,and hydrology using *** total,we used 7292,33192 and 42016 SWR point observations at 100,330 and 15000 cm,respectively,and complemented the dataset with 436108 estimated values at each *** cross-validation yielded a Root mean Square Error(RmSE)of6380,7.112 and 6.48510^(-2)cm^(3)cm^(-3),and a model Efficiency Coefficient(mEC)of0.430,0386,and 0.471,respectively,for 100,330 and 15000 *** results were also compared to three published global maps of SWR to evaluate differences between point-based and map-based mapping ***-based mapping performed better than the three map-based mapping approaches for 330 and 15000 cm,while for 100 cm results were similar,possibly due to the limited number of SWR observa-tions for 100 *** sources or uncertainty identified included the geographical clustering of the data and the limitation of the covariates to represent the naturally high variation of SWR.

关键词： Digital soil mapping Soil hydraulic properties Pedometrics SoilGrids

Pharmacological interventions targeting nuclear factor-kappa B signaling in multiple sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第10期16卷 2023-2025页

作者： Kim m.A.De Kleijn gerard J.m.martens Department of molecular Animal Physiology Donders Institute for BrainCognition and BehaviourCentre for NeuroscienceFaculty of ScienceRadboud University6525AJ NijmegenThe Netherlands NeuroDrug Research Ltd 6525ED NijmegenThe Netherlands(De Kleijn KMAMartens GJM)Department of Molecular Animal PhysiologyDonders Institute for BrainCognition and BehaviourCentre for NeuroscienceFaculty of ScienceRadboud University6525AJ NijmegenThe Netherlands

multiple sclerosis(mS)is an inflammatory neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system(CNS).Pathological characteristics of the disease include activation of CNS-intrinsic immune cells,such as microglia and astrocytes,and loss of neuronal connections,myelin and blood-brain barrier(BBB)integrity as well as peripheral immune cell infiltration into the *** has long been considered a predominantly immunological disease,which has led to the development of essentially only immune-directed *** this traditional“outside-in”mS hypothesis,a dysregulation of the peripheral immune system causes immune cell infiltration into the CNS,leading to autoreactivity against myelin sheath components and secondary BBB ***,recent findings indicate that overactivation of microglia and astrocytes represents an important first step in mS pathology,as appears to be the case for other neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD)and Parkinson’s disease(PD).

关键词： sclerosis outside essentially

Bis(ortho-)chelated monoanionic Bisphosphinoaryl Ruthenium(II) Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2002年第3期20卷 207-213页

作者： van KLINK gerard P. m DANI Paulo van KOTEN gerard Department of metal-mediated Synthesis Debye Institute Utrecht UniversityDepartment of Metal-Mediated Synthesis Debye Institute Utrecht UniversityDepartment of Metal-Mediated Synthesis Debye Institute Utrecht University Padualaan 8 3584 CH Utrech

Bisphosphinoaryl ruthenium(Ⅱ) compounds are synthesized using two distinctsynthetic routes. One route, direct cycloruthenation, consists of the reaction of the parent arenecompound R-PCHP with [RuCl_2 (PPh_3)_3] in chlorinated solvents. However, this route suffers frommajor drawbacks because HCl is formed as well as free triphenylphoshine. The other route, thetranscyclometalation reaction, involves the interconversion of one cyclometalated ligand metalcomplex, [RuCl (NCN) (PPh_3)], into another complex, [RuCl (R-PCP) (PPh_3)], with concomitantconsumption and formation of the corresponding arenes R-PCHP and NCHN, respectively.

关键词： ruthenium transcyclometalation reaction monoanionic terdentate P, C,P′-bisphosphinoaryl hydrogen transfer reaction

Neurotrophic factor therapy for Parkinson's disease: past, present and future

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第2期11卷 205-207页

作者： Aideen m.Sullivan gerard W.O'Keeffe Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience University College Cork

One of the greatest unmet needs in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease（PD）is a disease-modifying therapy,which can halt the ongoing degeneration of dopaminergic neurons that is characteristic of this *** therapies focus on managing symptoms,rather than on addressing their *** candidates for disease-modifying therapies are the dopaminergic neurotrophic factors（NTFs）.

关键词： GDNF present and future Neurotrophic factor therapy for Parkinson’s disease past

Geostatistical modelling and mapping of nematode-based soil ecological quality indices in a polluted nature reserve

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Pedosphere 2021年第5期31卷 670-682页

作者： Israel O.IKOYI gerard B.m.HEUVELINK Ron G.m.DE GOEDE Wageningen University&Research Soil Biology GroupWageningen 6700 AA(The Netherlands) Current address:University of Limerick School of Natural SciencesDepartment of Biological SciencesLimerick V94T9PX(Ireland) Wageningen University&Research Soil Geography and Landscape GroupWageningen 6700 AA(The Netherlands)

Nematodes are indicators of soil quality and soil *** of the relationships between nematode-based soil quality indices and environmental properties is beneficial for assessing environmental threats on soil *** study evaluated the spatial distribution of nematode-based soil quality indices in a 23-ha heavy metal-polluted nature reserve using geostatistical *** expected that a selection of abiotic soil properties(pH and moisture,clay,organic matter,cadmium(Cd),and zinc(Zn)contents)could explain a significant portion of the spatial variation of the indices and that regression kriging could more accurately model their spatial distribution than ordinary kriging.A stratified simple random sampling scheme was used to select 80 locations where soil samples were taken to extract nematodes and derive the *** area had a distinct gradient in soil properties with Cd and Zn content ranging from 0.07 to 68.9 and 5.3 to 1329 mg kg^(-1),*** regression models were fitted to describe the relationships between the indices and soil *** also modelling the spatial correlation structure of regression residuals using spherical semivariograms,regression kriging was used to produce maps of the *** regression models explained between 21% and 44% of the total original variance in the *** pH was a significant explanatory variable in almost all cases,while heavy metal conent had a remarkably low *** some cases,the regression residuals had spatial *** validation indicated that in all cases,regression kriging performed slightly better because of having lower values of the root mean square prediction error and a mean prediction error closer to zero than ordinary *** study showed the importance of soil properties in explaining the spatial distribution of biological soil quality indices in ecological risk assessment.

关键词： ecological risk assessment heavy metals model validation regression kriging semivariance analysis soil property spatial structure

The potential of bone morphogenetic protein 2 as a neurotrophic factor for Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第8期15卷 1432-1436页

作者： Susan R.Goulding Aideen m.Sullivan gerard W.O’Keeffe Louise m.Collins Department of Biological Sciences Cork Institute of TechnologyCorkIreland Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience and Cork Neuroscience Centre University College CorkCorkIreland Department of Physiology University College CorkCorkIreland

Parkinson’s disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder;it affects 1%of the population over the age of *** number of people with Parkinson’s disease is set to rapidly increase due to changing demographics and there is an unmet clinical need for disease-modifying *** pathological hallmarks of Parkinson’s disease are the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and their axons which project to the striatum,and the aggregation ofα-synuclein;these result in a range of debilitating motor and non-motor *** application of neurotrophic factors to protect and potentially regenerate the remaining dopaminergic neurons is a major area of research ***,this strategy has had limited success to *** trials of two well-known neurotrophic factors,glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor and neurturin,have reported limited efficacy in Parkinson’s disease patients,despite these factors showing potent neurotrophic actions in animal *** is therefore a need to identify other neurotrophic factors that can protect againstα-synuclein-induced degeneration of dopaminergic *** bone morphogenetic protein(BmP)family is the largest subgroup of the transforming growth factor-βsuperfamily of *** are naturally secreted proteins that play crucial roles throughout the developing nervous ***,many BmPs have been shown to be potent neurotrophic factors for dopaminergic *** we discuss recent work showing that transcripts for the BmP receptors and BmP2 are co-expressed with several key markers of dopaminergic neurons in the human substantia nigra,and evidence for downregulation of BmP2 expression at distinct stages of Parkinson’s *** also discuss studies that explored the effects of BmP2 treatment,in in vitro and in vivo models of Parkinson’s *** studies found potent effects of BmP2 on dopaminergic neurites,which is important given that axon deg

关键词： axon growth BmP2 dopaminergic neurons neuroprotection neurotrophic factor neuroregeneration Parkinson’s disease α-synuclein

Tropical cyclogenesis:Controlling factors and physical mechanisms

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2023年第3期12卷 165-181页

作者： V.P.m.Rajasree Xi Cao Hamish Ramsay Kelly m.Nú~nez Ocasio gerard Kilroy George R.Alvey III minhee Chang Chaehyeon Chelsea Nam Hironori Fudeyasu Hsu-Feng Teng Hui Yu India meteorological Department GoaIndia Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina CSIRO EnvironmentAspendaleVictoriaAustralia National Center for Atmospheric Research ColoradoUSA Institut f¨ur Physik der Atmosph¨are Deutsches Zentrum f¨ur Luft-undBerlinGermany Cooperative Institute for marine and Atmospheric Studies University of MiamiMiamiFloridaUSA NOAA/Atlantic Oceanographic and meteorological Laboratory/Hurricane Research Division MiamiFloridaUSA Korea Institute of Science and Technology SeoulRepublic of Korea Colorado State University ColoradoUSA Yokohama National University YokohamaJapan National Center for Atmospheric Research/Pacific Science Association ColoradoUSA Shanghai Typhoon Institute/China meteorological Administration ShanghaiChina

In this review,advances in the understanding of the controlling factors and physical mechanisms of tropical cyclogenesis(TCG)are summarized from recent(2018–2022)research on TCG,as presented in the Tenth International Workshop on Tropical Cyclones(IWTC-10).Observational,theoretical,and numerical modeling studies published in recent years have advanced our knowledge on the influence of large-scale environmental factors on ***,studies have shown clearly that appropriate convective coupling with tropical equatorial waves enhances the development chances of *** recently,illuminating research has been carried out on analyzing the mechanisms by which oscillations and teleconnections(El Ni˜no Southern Oscillation(ENSO)in particular)modulate TCG globally,in association with changes in the sea surface temperature(SST).In addition to this,recent research has diligently addressed different aspects of *** studies have reported the applicability of unified theories and physical mechanisms of TCG in different ocean ***,research has been carried out on TCG under different flow pattern regimes,dry air intrusion,importance of marsupial pouch,genesis of medicanes,wind shear,convection and vertical ***,studies have discussed the possibility of near equatorial TCG provided that there is enough supply of background vertical vorticity and relatively low vertical wind *** has been made to understand the role of climate change on global and regional ***,there are still significant gaps which need to be addressed in order to better understand TCG prediction.

关键词： Tropical cyclogenesis AEW ENSO SST marsupial pouch Dry air intrusion moderate shear Convection Near equatorial TCG Climate change