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Complement-dependent neuroinflammation in spinal cord injury:from pathology to therapeutic implications

Neural regeneration research 2025年第5期20卷 1324-1335页

作者： Hassan Saad Bachar El Baba Ali Tfaily Firas Kobeissy Juanmarco Gutierrez Gonzalez Daniel refai gerald r.rodts Christian Mustroph David Gimbel Jonathan Grossberg Daniel L.Barrow Matthew F.Gary Ali M.Alawieh Department of Neurosurgery Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurology Yale UniversityNew HavenCTUSA Center for Neurotrauma Multiomics&Biomarkers(CNMB)Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA

Spinal cord injury remains a major cause of disability in young adults,and beyond acute decompression and rehabilitation,there are no pharmacological treatments to limit the progression of injury and optimize recovery in this *** the thorough investigation of the complement system in triggering and propagating cerebral neuroinflammation,a similar role for complement in spinal neuroinflammation is a focus of ongoing *** this work,we survey the current literature investigating the role of complement in spinal cord injury including the sources of complement proteins,triggers of complement activation,and role of effector functions in the *** study relevant data demonstrating the different triggers of complement activation after spinal cord injury including direct binding to cellular debris,and or activation via antibody binding to damage-associated molecular *** effector functions of complement have been implicated in spinal cord injury,and we critically evaluate recent studies on the dual role of complement anaphylatoxins in spinal cord injury while emphasizing the lack of pathophysiological understanding of the role of opsonins in spinal cord *** this pathophysiological review,we systematically review the different translational approaches used in preclinical models of spinal cord injury and discuss the challenges for future translation into human *** review emphasizes the need for future studies to dissect the roles of different complement pathways in the pathology of spinal cord injury,to evaluate the phases of involvement of opsonins and anaphylatoxins,and to study the role of complement in white matter degeneration and regeneration using translational strategies to supplement genetic models.

关键词： complement neuroinflammation neuroplasticity regeneration spinal cord injury targeted therapy

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Epitranscriptomic regulation of NMDA receptors rears its Ugly Head in Chemotherapy-Induced Neuropathic Pain

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第8期40卷 1209-1211页

作者： Wing Lam Yu gerald W.Zamponi Department of Clinical Neurosciences Hotchkiss Brain InstituteAlberta Children's Hospital Research InstituteUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 4N1Canada

number of different cancer chemotherapy agents such as cisplatin,oxaliplatin,and paclitaxel can lead to nerve damage,thereby giving rise to neuropathic pain states that present with mechanical and cold allodynia[1].Although these pain conditions often resolve after completion of the chemotherapy,a significant portion of patients exhibit longlasting pain that can persist longer than 12 months with a negative impact on the quality of life of affected individuals[1].

关键词： chemotherapy pain damage

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The neurovascular unit-on-a-chip:modeling ischemic stroke to stem cell therapy

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Neural regeneration research 2024年第7期19卷 1431-1432页

作者： Seonghun Kim Minjun Kim gerald A.Grant Wonjae Lee Department of Neurosurgery Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNCUSA Department of Neurobiology Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNCUSA Duke Institute for Brain Sciences Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNCUSA Duke Cancer Institute Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNCUSA

The neurovascular unit and stem cell therapy in ischemic stroke:Ischemic stroke,accounts for approximately 85% of all stroke incidents and is a major global health *** is the leading cause of disability and death worldwide,posing immense societal and economic challenges due to the long-term care required for stro ke survivors and the significant healthcare costs associated with its treatment and management(Amarenco et al.,2009).

关键词： death unit

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Changes in children’s cardiorespiratory fitness and body mass index over the course of the COVID‑19 pandemic:a 34‑month longitudinal study of 331 primary school children

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期20卷 185-188页

作者： gerald Jarnig reinhold Kerbl Mireille N.M.van Poppel Institute of Human Movement Science Sport and HealthUniversity of GrazMozartgasse 148010 GrazAustria Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine LKH Hochsteiermark8700 LeobenAustria

In late 2019,heavy restrictions were enforced on public activities worldwide to diminish the spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SArS-CoV-2)virus[1].These restrictions,which included school closures and strictly limited sports and leisure opportunities,particularly impacted children and adolescents[2].Lifestyle changes in children and adolescents led to reduced physical activity levels[2,3],increased sedentary behavior[3,4],changes in eating habits,and changes in sleep habits[3].

关键词： respiratory acute children

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Antibodies Targeting a Conserved Surface Polysaccharide Are Protective Against a Wide range of Microbial Pathogens Producing b-1-6-Linked Poly-N-Acetylglucosamine(PNAG)

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Engineering 2024年第7期38卷 69-76页

作者： Xi Lu Guoqing Li Jing Pang Xinyi Yang Colette Cywes-Bentley Xuefu You gerald B.Pier Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents Institute of Medicinal BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100050China Division of Infectious Diseases Department of MedicineBrigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA

The b-1-6-linked poly-N-acetylglucosamine(PNAG)polymer is a conserved surface polysaccharide produced by many bacteria,fungi,and protozoan(and even filarial)*** wide-ranging expression makes PNAG an attractive target for vaccine development,as it potentially encompasses a broad range of *** progress has been made in discovering important properties of the biology of PNAG expression in recent *** molecular characterization and regulation of operons for the production of PNAG biosynthetic proteins and enzymes have been studied in many *** addition,the physiological function of PNAG has been further ***-based vaccines and PNAG-targeting antibodies have shown great efficacy in preclinical ***,clinical tests for both vaccines and antibodies have been carried out in humans and economically important animals,and the results are *** it is not destined to be a smooth road,we are optimistic about new vaccines and immunotherapeutics targeting PNAG becoming validated and eventually licensed for clinical use against multiple infectious agents.

关键词： Poly-N-acetylglucosamine Conjugate vaccine Monoclonal antibody

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Natural Products Improve Organ Microcirculation Dysfunction Following Ischemia/reperfusion-and Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Disturbances:Mechanistic and Therapeutic Views

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Engineering 2024年第7期38卷 77-99页

作者： Jingyan Han Quan Li Kai Sun Chunshui Pan Jian Liu Ping Huang Juan Feng Yanchen Liu gerald A.Meininger Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine School of Basic Medical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China Tasly Microcirculation research Center Peking University Health Science CenterBeijing 100191China Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People’s Republic of ChinaBeijing 100191China Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy Peking University Health Science CenterBeijing 100191China Dalton Cardiovascular research Center and Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65211USA

Microcirculatory disturbances are complex processes caused by many factors,including abnormal vasomotor responses,decreased blood flow velocity,vascular endothelial cell injury,altered leukocyte and endothelial cell interactions,plasma albumin leakage,microvascular hemorrhage,and *** disturbances involve multiple mechanisms and interactions among mechanisms that can include energy metabolism,the mitochondrial respiratory chain,oxidative stress,inflammatory factors,adhesion molecules,the cytoskeleton,vascular endothelial cells,caveolae,cell junctions,the vascular basement membrane,neutrophils,monocytes,and *** clinical practice,aside from drugs that target abnormal vasomotor responses and platelet adhesion,there continues to be a lack of multi-target drugs that can regulate the complex mechanistic links and interactions underlying microcirculatory *** products have demonstrated obvious positive therapeutic effects in treating ischemia/reperfusion(I/r)-and lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced microcirculatory *** recent years,numerous research papers on the improvement of microcirculatory function by natural products have been published in international *** 2008 and 2017,the first listed author of this review was invited to publish reviews in the journal of Pharmacology&Therapeutics on the improvement of microcirculatory disturbances and organ injury induced by I/r using Salvia miltiorrhiza ingredients and other natural components of compounded Chinese medicine,*** review systematically summarizes the effects,targets of action,and mechanisms of natural products regarding improving I/r-and LPSinduced microcirculatory disturbances and tissue *** on this summary,scientific proposals are suggested for the discovery of new drugs to improve microcirculatory disturbances in disease.

关键词： Ischemia/reperfusion Lipopolysaccharide Natural products Leukocyte activation Hyperpermeability

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Estimating the Yield Loss of Winter Wheat from Drought in the United States Southern Plains region as Influenced by El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO)

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第9期15卷 1018-1034页

作者： Prem Woli gerald r. Smith Charles r. Long Francis M. rouquette, Jr. Texas A&M AgriLife research Center Overton USA

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production is a major economic activity in most regional and rural areas in the Southern Plains, a semi-arid region of the United States. This region is vulnerable to drought and is projected to experience a drier climate in the future. Since the interannual variability in climate in this region is linked to an ocean-atmospheric phenomenon, called El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), droughts in this region may be associated with ENSO. Droughts that occur during the critical growth phases of wheat can be extremely costly. However, the losses due to an impending drought can be minimized through mitigation measures if it is predicted in advance. Predicting the yield loss from an imminent drought is crucial for stakeholders. One of the reliable ways for such prediction is using a plant physiology-based agricultural drought index, such as Agricultural reference Index for Drought (ArID). This study developed ENSO phase-specific, ArID-based models for predicting the drought-induced yield loss for winter wheat in this region by accounting for its phenological phase-specific sensitivity to drought. The reasonable values of the drought sensitivity coefficients of the yield model for each ENSO phase (El Niño, La Niña, or Neutral) indicated that the yield models reflected reasonably well the phenomena of water stress decreasing the winter wheat yields in this region during different ENSO phases. The values of various goodness-of-fit measures used, including the Nash-Sutcliffe Index (0.54 to 0.67), the Willmott Index (0.82 to 0.89), and the percentage error (20 to 26), indicated that the yield models performed fairly well at predicting the ENSO phase-specific loss of wheat yields from drought. This yield model may be useful for predicting yield loss from drought and scheduling irrigation allocation based on the phenological phase-specific sensitivity to drought as impacted by ENSO.

关键词： ArID Drought Drought Index ENSO El Niño Growth-Stage Model Phenological-Phase Prediction Semi-Arid Wheat Yield Loss

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remote sensing of quality traits in cereal and arable production systems:A review

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The Crop Journal 2024年第1期12卷 45-57页

作者： Zhenhai Li Chengzhi Fan Yu Zhao Xiuliang Jin raffaele Casa Wenjiang Huang Xiaoyu Song gerald Blasch Guijun Yang James Taylor Zhenhong Li College of Geodesy and Geomatics Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590ShandongChina Key Laboratory of Quantitative remote Sensing in Ministry of Agriculture and rural Affairs Information Technology Research CenterBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and EcologyMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100081China DAFNE Universitàdella TusciaVia San Camillo de Lellis01100 ViterboItaly Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science Aerospace Information Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100094China International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT) PO Box 5689Addis AbabaEthiopia ITAP Univ.MontpellierINRAEInstitut AgroMontpellier 34000France College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710054ShaanxiChina

Cereal is an essential source of calories and protein for the global *** predicting cereal quality before harvest is highly desirable in order to optimise management for farmers,grading harvest and categorised storage for enterprises,future trading prices,and policy *** use of remote sensing data with extensive spatial coverage demonstrates some potential in predicting crop quality *** studies have also proposed models and methods for predicting such traits based on multiplatform remote sensing *** this paper,the key quality traits that are of interest to producers and consumers are *** literature related to grain quality prediction was analyzed in detail,and a review was conducted on remote sensing platforms,commonly used methods,potential gaps,and future trends in crop quality *** review recommends new research directions that go beyond the traditional methods and discusses grain quality retrieval and the associated challenges from the perspective of remote sensing data.

关键词： remote sensing Quality traits Grain protein Cereal

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Estimating the Drought-Induced Yield Loss for Winter Wheat in a Semi-Arid region of the Southern United States Using a Drought Index

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第8期15卷 812-829页

作者： Prem Woli Qingwu Xue gerald r. Smith Charles r. Long Francis M. rouquette Jr. Texas A&M AgriLife research Center Overton Texas USA Texas A&M AgriLife research Center Amarillo Texas USA

The economy of most rural locations in the semi-arid region of Llano Estacado in the southern United States is predominantly based on agriculture, primarily beef and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production. This region is prone to drought and is projected to experience a drier climate. Droughts that coincide with the critical phenological phases of a crop can be remarkably costly. Although drought cannot be prevented, its losses can be minimized through mitigation measures if it is predicted in advance. Predicting yield loss from an imminent drought is an important need of stakeholders. One way to fulfill this need is using an agricultural drought index, such as the Agricultural reference Index for Drought (ArID). Being plant physiology-based, ArID can represent drought-yield relationships accurately. This study developed an ArID-based yield model for predicting the drought-induced yield loss for winter wheat in this region by accounting for its phenological phase-specific sensitivity to water stress. The reasonable values of the drought sensitivity coefficients of the yield model indicated that it could reflect the phenomenon of water stress decreasing the winter wheat yields in this region reasonably. The values of the various metrics used to evaluate the model, including Willmott Index (0.86), Nash-Sutcliffe Index (0.61), and percentage error (26), indicated that the yield model performed fairly well at predicting the drought-induced yield loss for winter wheat. The yield model may be useful for predicting the drought-induced yield loss for winter wheat in the study region and scheduling irrigation allocation based on phenological phase-specific drought sensitivity.

关键词： ArID Drought Drought index Growth-stage Model Phenological-Phase Prediction Semi-Arid Wheat Yield

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Eye on the Sky: A UAP research and Field Study off New York’s Long Island Coast

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第8期14卷 2267-2295页

作者： John Joseph Tedesco gerald Thomas Tedesco Harvard Universitys Galileo Project Independent Research Affiliate Cambridge USA Consortium for The Scientific Understanding of Natures Mysteries Holbrook USA Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers Washington USA American Academy of Environmental Engineers and Scientist Annapolis USA Independent researcher Holbrook USA

A ten-month field research study was meticulously conducted at robert Moses State Park (rMSP) on the south shore of Long Island, NY. The objective was to determine if aerial phenomena of an unknown nature exist over a coastal location and to characterize their properties and behaviors. Primary and secondary field observation methods were utilized in this data-centric study. Forensic engineering principles and methodologies guided the study. The challenges set forward were object detection, observation, and characterization, where multispectral electro-optical devices and radar were employed due to limited visual acuity and intermittent presentation of the phenomena. The primary means of detection utilized a 3 cm X-band radar operating in two scan geometries, the X- and Y-axis. Multispectral electro-optical devices were utilized as a secondary means of detection and identification. Data was emphasized using HF and LF detectors and spectrum analyzers incorporating EM, ultrasonic, magnetic, and rF field transducers to record spectral data in these domains. Data collection concentrated on characterizing VIS, NIr, SWIr, LWIr, UVA, UVB, UVC, and the higher energy spectral range of ionizing radiation (alpha, beta, gamma, and X-ray) recorded by Geiger-Müller counters as well as special purpose semiconductor diode sensors.

关键词： Unidentified Anomalous Phenomenon (UAP) Forensic Techno-Signatures Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI) Multispectral Electro-Optical (MEO) Ultraviolet A radiation (UVA) Ultraviolet B radiation (UVB) Ultraviolet C radiation (UVC) Visible (VIS) Near-Infrared (NIr) Short-Wave Infrared (SWIr) Long-Wave Infrared (LWIr) Low-Frequency (LF) High-Frequency (HF) radio-Frequency (rF) Alpha Beta Gamma Ultrasonic X-Band Active radar Kinematics Aerodynamics Luminous Spheroids robert Moses State Park (rMSP)

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