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Complement-dependent neuroinflammation in spinal cord injury:from pathology to therapeutic implications

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1324-1335页

作者： Hassan Saad Bachar El Baba Ali Tfaily Firas Kobeissy Juanmarco Gutierrez Gonzalez Daniel Refai gerald R.Rodts Christian Mustroph David Gimbel Jonathan Grossberg Daniel L.Barrow Matthew F.Gary Ali M.Alawieh Department of Neurosurgery Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurology Yale UniversityNew HavenCTUSA Center for Neurotrauma Multiomics&Biomarkers(CNMB)Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA

Spinal cord injury remains a major cause of disability in young adults,and beyond acute decompression and rehabilitation,there are no pharmacological treatments to limit the progression of injury and optimize recovery in this *** the thorough investigation of the complement system in triggering and propagating cerebral neuroinflammation,a similar role for complement in spinal neuroinflammation is a focus of ongoing *** this work,we survey the current literature investigating the role of complement in spinal cord injury including the sources of complement proteins,triggers of complement activation,and role of effector functions in the *** study relevant data demonstrating the different triggers of complement activation after spinal cord injury including direct binding to cellular debris,and or activation via antibody binding to damage-associated molecular *** effector functions of complement have been implicated in spinal cord injury,and we critically evaluate recent studies on the dual role of complement anaphylatoxins in spinal cord injury while emphasizing the lack of pathophysiological understanding of the role of opsonins in spinal cord *** this pathophysiological review,we systematically review the different translational approaches used in preclinical models of spinal cord injury and discuss the challenges for future translation into human *** review emphasizes the need for future studies to dissect the roles of different complement pathways in the pathology of spinal cord injury,to evaluate the phases of involvement of opsonins and anaphylatoxins,and to study the role of complement in white matter degeneration and regeneration using translational strategies to supplement genetic models.

关键词： complement neuroinflammation neuroplasticity regeneration spinal cord injury targeted therapy

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Fibonacci Type Semigroups

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Algebra Colloquium 2014年第4期21卷 647-652页

作者： gerald Williams Department of Mathematical Sciences University of Essex Colchester Essex C04 3SQ UK

We study “Fibonacci type” groups and semigroups. By establishing asphericity of their presentations we show that many of the groups are infinite. We combine this with Adjan graph techniques and the classification of the finite Fibonacci semigroups （in terms of the finite Fibonacci groups） to extend it to the Fibonacci type semigroups.

关键词： Fibonacci group Fibonacci semigroup cyclic presentation asphericity Adjangraph

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Reminiscences of my life in science

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2019年第4期19卷 7-22页

作者： gerald Schubert Department of Earth Planetary and Space SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesUSA

With a great deal of humility I attempt in the following to recall important events in my life and in my scientific career of more than five decades. I am not through yet. I continue to do research though, I admit, no... 详细信息

关键词： reminiscences geophysics planetary physics science career

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HIGH RESOLuTION SCHEMES FOR CONSERVATION LAWS AND CONVECTION-DIFFuSION EQuATIONS WITH VARYING TIME AND SPACE GRIDS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2006年第2期24卷 121-140页

作者： Hua-zhong Tang gerald Warnecke LMAM School of Mathematical Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China Institut fiir Analysis und Numerik Otto-von-Guericke Universitat Magdeburg 39106 Magdeburg Germany

This paper presents a class of high resolution local time step schemes for nonlinear hyperbolic conservation laws and the closely related convection-diffusion equations, by projecting the solution increments of the underlying partial differential equations （PDE） at each local time step. The main advantages are that they are of good consistency, and it is convenient to implement them. The schemes are L^∞ stable, satisfy a cell entropy inequality, and may be extended to the initial boundary value problem of general unsteady PDEs with higher-order spatial derivatives. The high resolution schemes are given by combining the reconstruction technique with a second order TVD Runge-Kutta scheme or a Lax-Wendroff type method, respectively. The schemes are used to solve a linear convection-diffusion equation, the nonlinear inviscid Burgers＇ equation, the one- and two-dimensional compressible Euler equations, and the two-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. The numerical results show that the schemes are of higher-order accuracy, and efficient in saving computational cost, especially, for the case of combining the present schemes with the adaptive mesh method [15]. The correct locations of the slow moving or stronger discontinuities are also obtained, although the schemes are slightly nonconservative.

关键词： Hyperbolic conservation laws Degenerate diffusion High resolution scheme,Finite volume method Local time discretization.

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Mitofusin activation enhances mitochondrial motility and promotes neuroregeneration in CMT2A

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第11期16卷 2201-2203页

作者： gerald W.Dorn II Department of Internal Medicine Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA

Human brains represent only 2%of body mass,but their high relative metabolic activity accounts for~20%of total body adenosine triphosphate(ATP)*** generated by neuronal mitochondria fuels nerve signaling and homeostatic *** the peripheral nervous system,which has greater capacity for regeneration after physical,toxic or genetic injury than the central nervous system,ATP also powers actin polymerization/depolymerization for growth cone formation and axon *** ATP generation is therefore a central component of neuronal functioning in the central and peripheral nervous systems.

关键词： motility activation regeneration

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Geochemistry of fine-grained sediments of the upper Cretaceous to Paleogene Gosau Group(Austria,Slovakia):Implications for paleoenvironmental and provenance studies

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Geoscience Frontiers 2013年第4期4卷 449-468页

作者： gerald Hofer Michael Wagreich Stephanie Neuhuber Department of Geodynamics and Sedimentology.university of Vienna

Bulk rock geochemistry of 169 fine-grained sediment samples of the upper Cretaceous to Paleogene Gosau Group （Northern Calcareous Alps, Austria and Slovakia） fiom borehole and outcrop localities was performed to separate non-marine and marine deposits. Geochemical characteristics of different Gosau depositional systems, basins and sediment provenance using major-, trace-, and rare earth elements were also investigated. Geochemical proxies such as boron concentrations were tested for seeking the possibilities of paleosalinity indicators. Due to the [act that several pelagic sections are represented by extremely low boron contents, B/AI＊ ratios are recognized as more robust and differentiate reliably between marine （mean： 160 ± 34） and non-marine （mean： 133 ± 33） samples. using statistical factor analysis, hemipelagic to pelagic samples flom the Gieghi_ibl Syncline and Slovakian equivalents can be differentiated from marginal-marine to non-marine samples from the Grtinbach and Glinzendorf Syncline related to terrigenous （SiO2, AI203, K20, Th, Rb, Zr and others） and pelagic indicative elements （CaO, St, TOT/C and B/AI＊）. A clear indication for ophiolitic provenance is traced by high amounts of chromium and nickel. Only non-marine successions of the Glinzendorf Syncline show higher Cr and Ni concentrations （up to 250 and 400 ppm, respectively） and enriched Cr/V and Y/Ni ratios trending to an ultramafic source.

关键词： Gosau GroupGeochemistryPre-Neogene Vienna BasinBoronFactor analysisProvenance

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Study on a Cross Diffusion Parabolic System

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2007年第1期23卷 9-28页

作者： Li Chen Ling Hsiao gerald Warnecke Department of Mathematical Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China Institute for Analysis and Numerics Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg Box 4120 D-39016Magdeburg Germany

This paper considers a kind of strongly coupled cross diffusion parabolic system, which can be used as the multi-dimensional Lyurnkis energy transport model in semiconductor science. The global existence and large time behavior are obtained for smooth solution to the initial boundary value problem. When the initial data are a small perturbation of an isothermal stationary solution, the smooth solution of the problem under the insulating boundary condition, converges to that stationary solution exponentially fast as time goes to infinity.

关键词： Cross diffusion parabolic system energy transport model global existence asymptotic behavior

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A review of state-of-the-art processing operations in coal preparation

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2015年第4期25卷 511-521页

作者： Noble Aaron Luttrell gerald H. Department of Mining Engineering West Virginia University Department of Mining & Minerals Engineering Virginia Tech

Coal preparation is an integral part of the coal commodity supply chain. This stage of post-mining, pre-utilization beneficiation uses low-cost separation technologies to remove unwanted mineral matter and moisture which hinder the value of the coal product. Coal preparation plants typically employ several parallel circuits of cleaning and dewatering operations, with each circuit designed to optimally treat a specific size range of coal. Recent innovations in coal preparation have increased the efficiency and capac- ity of individual unit operations while reinforcing the standard parallel cleaning approach. This article, which describes the historical influences and state-of-the-art design for the various coal preparation unit operations, is organized to distinguish between coarse/intermediate coal cleaning and fine/ultrafine coal cleaning. Size reduction, screening, classification, cleaning, dewatering, waste disposal unit operations are particularly highlighted, with a special focus on the LI.S. design philosophy. Notable differences between the u.S. and international operations are described as appropriate.

关键词： Coal preparation Coal supply chain unit operations Particulate separations Tailings disposal

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using fluorescence-based microplate assay to assess DOM-metal binding in reactive materials for treatment of acid mine drainage

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第6期23卷 891-896页

作者： Carmen Mihaela Neculita Yves Dudal gerald J Zagury Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering KAIST335 GwahangnoYuseong-guDaejeon 305-701Korea Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique UMR Eco&Sols-Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Biogéochimie des SolsMontpellier SupAgro-INRA-IRD2Place Pierre VialaBatiment 1234060 Montpellier Cedex 2France Department of Civil Geologicaland Mining EngineeringE'cole Polytechnique de Montre'alC.P.6079 Station Centre-villeMontrealQCH3C 3A7Canada

One potential drawback of compost-based passive bioreactors,which is a promising biotechnology for acid mine drainage（AMD） treatment,is the transport of dissolved organic matter（DOM）-metal complexes in surface *** address this problem,the objective of this study was to assess the maximum capacity of organic substrates to release soluble DOM-metal complexes in treated water. The reactivities of DOM in maple wood chips and sawdust,composted poultry manure,and leaf compost were quantified toward Cd2＋,Ni2＋,Fe2＋,and Cu2＋ using fluorescence *** DOM showed the highest reactivity toward Fe,but a limited number of available sites for sorption,whereas DOM-Cd complexes exhibited the lowest fluorescence ***,the DOM from a mixture of wastes formed higher concentrations of DOM-metal complexes relative to sole *** DOM-metal complexes, the concentrations of DOM-Ni complexes were the *** reaching steady-state,low concentrations of DOM-metal complexes were released in treated water,which is in agreement with theoretical predictions based on geochemical ***,in addition to physicochemical characterization,fluorescence quenching technique is recommended for the substrate selection of bioreactors.

关键词： passive bioreactors acid mine drainage DOM reactivity fluorescence quenching metal complexation

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Hydrogen peroxide mediates pro-inflammatory cell-to-cell signaling: a new therapeutic target for inflammation?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第8期14卷 1430-1437页

作者： Dhanushka Gunawardena Ritesh Raju gerald Münch Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine Western Sydney University

Nitric oxide is now universally recognized as an extracellular signaling molecule. Nitric oxide, produced in one cell, diffuses across the extracellular space and acts with targets in an adjoining cell. In this study, we present proof that hydrogen peroxide - like nitric oxide - acts as a true first (intercellular) messenger for a multitude of pro-inflammatory ligands. RAW 264.7 macrophages were activated with three different ligands, lipopolysaccharide, interferon-gamma or advanced glycation end products in the presence of increasing concentrations of (hydrogen peroxide scavenging) catalase. As inflammatory readouts, nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor were determined. We hypothesize that hydrogen peroxide travels between cells propagating the signal, then a certain percentage of the readout should be inhibited by catalase in a concentration- dependent manner. The experiment showed concentration-dependent inhib让ion of nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor-a production in response to all three ligands/ligand combinations (interferon-gamma, lipopolysaccharide, and chicken egg albumin-derived advanced glycation end product) in the presence of increasing concentration of catalase. For example, catalase inhibited 100% of nitric oxide and 40% of tumor necrosis factor-a production at its highest concentration. Our results suggest that hydrogen peroxide travels through cell membranes into the extracellular space and enters and activates ad;acent cells. Like rdtric oxide, we suggest that it is a ubiquitous first messenger, able to transmit cell-to-cell pro-inflammatory signals such as nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor-a. In a therapeutic setting, our data suggest that compounds acting as hydrogen peroxide scavengers might not even need to enter the cell to act as anti-inflammatory drugs.

关键词： Inflammation glycation redox signaling cytokines anti-inflammatory drugs hydrogen peroxide membrane permeable lipopolysaccharide Interferon-gamma signaling

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