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Photosynthesis,Metabolite Composition and Anatomical Structure of Oryza sativa and Two Wild Relatives,*** and ***

Rice science 2017年第4期24卷 218-227页

作者： Jwakyung SUNG Suyeon LEE Jong-Wook CHUNG gerald edwards Hojin RYU Taewan KIM National Institute of Agricultural Science Rural Development Administration(RDA)WanjuJeollabu-do 55365Korea Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology Chungbuk National UniversityCheongju 28644Korea School of Biological Science Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164-4236USA Department of Biology Chungbuk National UniversityCheongju 28644Korea Department of Plant Resources and Science and Institute of Ecological Phytochemistry Hankyung National UniversityAnseong 17579Korea

Photosynthesis, enzyme activities and metabolite pools associated with primary carbon metabolism in leaves were studied in O. grandiglumis and O. alta （wild relatives of rice which produce high biomass） versus O. sativa （a japonica cultivar and a indica-japonica hybrid） to assess their potential for identifying traits which might be utilized to enhance rice productivity. The wild relatives had higher rates of photosynthesis on a fresh weight basis, and higher water use efficiency than the O. sativa lines. There were no striking differences in activities of a number of key enzymes in carbon and nitrogen metabolism between the wild relatives and cultivated rice lines. Along with higher rates of photosynthesis on a fresh weight basis, the leaves of the two wild species had higher nitrate content, higher levels of starch, glucose and fructose, and higher levels of organic acids （malate, succinate and acetate）, compared to the O. sativa lines. The results suggested that O. grandiglumis and O. alta have differences in physiology and primary metabolism which might be exploited to improve growth and productivity of cultivated rice.

关键词： carbohydrate photosynthesis rate nitrogen assimilation metabolite composition leaf rice wild relative

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Characterization of maize leaf pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase using high throughput sequencing

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2018年第8期60卷 670-690页

作者： Yuling Zhang Rita Giuliani Youjun Zhang Yang Zhang Wagner Luiz Araujo Baichen Wang Peng Liu Qi Sun Asaph Cousins gerald edwards Alisdair Fernie Thomas P. Brutnell Pinghua Li State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology College of Agronomic Sciences Shandong Agricultural University Tai'an 271018 China School of Biological Sciences Molecular Plant Sciences Washington State University Pullman WA 99164-4236 USA Max-Planck-lnsitut for Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie Am Muhlenberg 1 Potsdam-Golm D-14476 Germany Department of Agronomy and Horticulture University of Nebraska-Lincoln Nebraska USA Photosynthesis Research Center Key Laboratory of Photobiology Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 20 Nanxincun Xiangshan Beijing 100093 China Department of Statistics iowa State University Ames iowa 50011 USA Computational Biology Service Unit Life Sciences Core Laboratories Center Cornell University ithaca New York 14850 USA Donald Danforth Plant Science Center St. Louis Missouri 63132 USA

In C4 photosynthesis, pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase （PPDK） catalyzes the regeneration of phospho- enolpyruvate in the carbon shuttle pathway. Although the biochemical function of PPDK in maize is well characterized, a genetic analysis of PPDK has not been reported. In this study, we use the maize transposable elements Nlutator and Ds to generate multiple mutant alleles of PPDK. Loss-of- function mutants are seedling lethal, even when plants were grown under 2% CO2, and they show very low capacity for CO2 assimilation, indicating C4 photosynthesis is essential in maize. Using RNA-seq and GC-MS technologies, we exam- ined the transcriptional and metabolic responses to a deficiency in PPDK activity. These results indicate loss of PPDK results in downregulation of gene expression ofenzymes of the C4 cycle, the Calvin cycle, and components of photochemistry. Furthermore, the loss of PPDK did not change Kranz anatomy, indicating that this metabolic defect in the C4 cycle did not impinge on the morphological differentiation of C4 characters. However, sugar metabolism and nitrogen utilization were altered in the mutants. An interaction between light intensity and genotype was also detected from transcriptome profiling, suggesting altered transcriptional and metabolic responses to environmental and endogenous signals in the PPDK mutants.

关键词： Characterization of maize leaf pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase using high throughput sequencing

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Polymorphisms in salivary-gland transcripts of Russian wheat aphid biotypes 1 and 2

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Insect Science 2012年第4期19卷 429-440页

作者： Feng Cui Michael Smith John Reese Owain edwards gerald Reeck Department of Biochemistry Kansas State UniversityManhattanKansasUSA State Key Laboratory of Integrated Managementof Pest Insects&Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Department of Entomology Kansas StateUniversityManhattanKansasUSA CSIRO Entomology Canberra CooperaEve Research Centre for Plant Biosecufity CanberraAustralia

The Russian wheat aphid （RWA）, Diuraphis noxia （Mordvilko）（Homoptera： Aphididae）, is a major pest of small grains. As with plant-feeding aphids in general, the interaction between RWA and host plants is governed, on the insect side, by proteins and enzymes in saliva. In this work, we examined sequence variations in transcripts encoding proteins and enzymes of RWA salivary glands. We conducted reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction in RWA biotypes 1 and 2 using primers derived from pea aphid orthologs, and cloned regions of 17 putative salivary gland transcripts. For four of the transcripts, we observed no difference in sequences between the two biotypes. For the other 13 transcripts, for example, the transcripts encoding sucrase, trehalase and protein C002, large amount of variations, both within each biotype and between the two biotypes, were observed. Usually the two biotypes shared only one variant, which was typically the most common variant in both biotypes. Most of the transcripts had more non-synonymous than synonymous codon changes among their variants. Our results offer possible molecular markers for distinguishing the two biotypes and insights into their evolution.

关键词： biotype molecular marker polymorphism Russian wheat aphid salivarygland transcript

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Comment on "On linking climate to Chinese dynastic change:Spatial and temporal variations of monsoonal rain"

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第32期55卷 3734-3737页

作者： CHENG Hai edwards R Lawrence HAUG gerald H Institute of Global Environmental Change Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China Department of Geology and Geophysics University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 USA Geological Institute Department of Earth Sciences ETH Ziirich CH-8092 Ziirich Switzerland

An article by Zhang et al. questions the interpretation of our oxygen isotope record from Wanxiang Cave and the sediment titanium record from Lake Huguang Maar,and the possible linkage between climate change and Chinese culture. In response,we explain that their approach lacks logical rigor and their major argument is broadly consistent with,rather than contradictory to our original conclusions. We also note that climate-culture relationships similar to those that we observe in China have been observed for other cultures around the world.

关键词：气候变化时空变化中国雨水季风挂钩氧同位素记录中华文化

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唾液腺功能基因在蚜虫适应寄主植物的作用

唾液腺功能基因在蚜虫适应寄主植物的作用

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首届“全国青年昆虫学科技工作者创新论坛”

作者：崔峰 gerald Reeck Owain edwards 康乐中国科学院动物研究所 Department of Biochemistry Kansas State UniversityUSA CSIRO Entomology Centre for Environment and Life SciencesAustralia

蚜虫是重要的农林害虫之一,严重危害多种粮食作物和经济作物的生长,每年造成极大的经济损失。在刺吸式昆虫与植物互作的关系中,昆虫的唾液既可以帮助昆虫克服植物的防御方应,又与传播植物病毒和诱导植物病理反应有关。豌豆蚜(Acyrthosip... 详细信息

蚜虫是重要的农林害虫之一,严重危害多种粮食作物和经济作物的生长,每年造成极大的经济损失。在刺吸式昆虫与植物互作的关系中,昆虫的唾液既可以帮助昆虫克服植物的防御方应,又与传播植物病毒和诱导植物病理反应有关。豌豆蚜(Acyrthosiphon plsum)作为模式蚜虫其基因组测序已完成,我们通过构建豌豆蚜唾

关键词：唾液腺蚜虫寄主适应生物型

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鼠标制造商将未来押注于电视上

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商业周刊（中文版） 2010年第11期 48-48,50页

作者：克利夫·爱德华兹（Clif edwards）俞孟然（译）

罗技公司与谷歌以及英特尔在网络电视领域展开了合作“人们想要把你放在一个框里……‘你只是鼠标制造商’”罗技国际公司（Logitech International）的首席执行官杰拉尔德·昆德伦（gerald Quindle）在2009年年初调研后发现，自己掌管... 详细信息

罗技公司与谷歌以及英特尔在网络电视领域展开了合作“人们想要把你放在一个框里……‘你只是鼠标制造商’”罗技国际公司（Logitech International）的首席执行官杰拉尔德·昆德伦（gerald Quindle）在2009年年初调研后发现，自己掌管的这家生产键盘和鼠标的瑞士公司面临着严峻的未来。由于智能电话、平板电脑以及其他移动设备吸引了大批消费者，台式电脑的销量不断下滑。

关键词：网络电视制造商鼠标罗技公司首席执行官 2009年国际公司智能电话

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