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National tr.nds in sexual inter.our.e and usage of contr.ception among Kor.an adolescents

Wor.d Jour.al of Pediatr.cs 2024年第9期20卷 935-948页

作者： Jun Hyuk Lee Myeongcheol Lee Hojae Lee Jaeyu Par. Sunyoung Kim Ai Koyanagi Lee smith Min Seo Kim Guiller.o F.López Sánchez Elena dr.gioti Masoud r.hmati Jiseung Kang Hans Oh dong Keon Yon Center.for.digital Health Medical Science Research InstituteKyung Hee University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea Health and Human Science University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA depar.ment of r.gulator. Science Kyung Hee UniversitySeoulSouth Korea depar.ment of Family Medicine Kyung Hee University Medical CenterKyung Hee University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea r.sear.h and development Unit Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de DeuBarcelonaSpain Centr. for.Health Performance and WellbeingAnglia Ruskin UniversityCambridgeUK Car.iovascular.disease Initiative Broad Institute of MIT and HarvardCambridgeMAUSA division of Pr.ventive Medicine and Public Health Department of Public Health SciencesSchool of MedicineUniversity of MurciaMurciaSpain Pain and r.habilitation Centr. Department of Medical and Health SciencesLinköping UniversityLinköpingSweden r.sear.h Labor.tor. Psychology of Patients Department of NursingSchool of Health SciencesFamiliesand Health ProfessionalsUniversity of IoanninaIoanninaGreece depar.ment of Physical Education and Spor. Sciences Faculty of Literature and Human SciencesLorestan UniversityKhoramabadIran depar.ment of Physical Education and Spor. Sciences Faculty of Literature and HumanitiesVali-E-Asr University of RafsanjanRafsanjanIran depar.ment of Anesthesia Critical Care and Pain MedicineMassachusetts GeneralHospitalBostonMAUSA division of Sleep Medicine Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Suzanne dwor.k Peck School of Social Wor. University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA depar.ment of Pediatr.cs Kyung Hee University College of Medicine23 Kyungheedae-RoDongdaemun-guSeoul02447South Korea Pr.sent Addr.ss:CEr.SS-Health Ser.ice r.sear.h and Quality of Life Center Aix-Marseille UniversityMarseilleFrance

Backgr.und The exact influence of the COVId-19 pandemic on sexual inter.our.e and usage of contr.ception r.mains lar.ely unchar.ed *** br.dge this gap in knowledge,we conducted a compr.hensive,cr.ss-sectional examination of long-ter. tr.nds in the pr.valence of sexual inter.our.e and usage of contr.ception among South Kor.an adolescents fr.m 2006 to *** In our.r.sear.h,we dr.w upon data encompassing 1,138,799 South Kor.an adolescents aged 12 to 18 year.,der.ved fr.m the Kor.an Youth r.sk Behavior.Web-based Sur.ey(KYr.S)over.a per.od spanning fr.m 2006 to *** focused on the pr.valence of sexual inter.our.e,contr.ception utilization,and the under.ying associated factor. among this *** KYr.S data was collected using a complex sampling str.tegy to deter.ine the national pr.valence estimates and shifts in pr.valence befor.(2006-2019)and dur.ng(2020-2022)the COVId-19 pandemic *** dur.ng the pr.-pandemic per.od,a decr.ase in adolescent sexual inter.our.e was obser.ed(6.34%in 2006,5.53%in 2012,and 5.87%in 2019).However.in the post-pandemic per.od(2020-2022),ther. was a sur.e in sexual inter.our.e(4.55%in 2020 and 6.20%in 2022).This evident alter.tion in sexual inter.our.e tr.jector. between pr.-and post-pandemic per.ods was statistically significant[βdiff,0.950;95%confidence inter.al(CI),0.756-1.144].r.gar.ing contr.ceptive use among South Kor.an adolescents,ther. was an incr.ase in the pr.-COVId-19 pandemic phase acr.ss all demogr.phic segments(14.61%in 2006,22.30%in 2012,and 47.69%in 2022)but a notable decline when compar.d with the pr.-and post-pandemic per.ods(βdiff,-0.319;95%CI,-0.454 to-0.184).Additionally,dur.ng the study per.od,a decr.ase in sexual inter.our.e was obser.ed in the pr.-pandemic per.od(β,-0.129;95%CI,-0.148 to-0.110),followed by an incr.ase in the post-pandemic per.od(β,0.821;95%CI,0.627 to 1.014).This shift is highlighted by an effect size of 0.96[weighted odds r.tio(wOr.;95%CI,0.92 to 1.00],indicating a subst

关键词： Adolescent Contr.ception COVId-19 Pandemic r.sky sexual behavior

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THE MEr.ING OF TWO UNEQUAL AXISYMMETr.C PAr.LLEL TUr.ULENT JETS

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Jour.al of Hydr.dynamics 2012年第2期24卷 257-262页

作者： BAr.TIAN-GHOr.HI Zahr. KAYE Nigel B. KHAN Abdul A. smith Jeffr.y r. Glenn depar.ment of Civil Engineer.ng Clemson University

r.sults of an exper.mental study of the mer.ing of unequal par.llel r.und tur.ulent jets ar. *** wer. conducted for.a jet axial separ.tion to nozzle diameter.r.tio of 3.0 and the r.ynolds number. r.nging fr.m 8 000 to 15 *** distance to the point wher. the jets ar. mer.ed was measur.d for.a r.nge of jet sour.e momentum flux *** differ.nt mer.er.cr.ter.a wer. used based on the mean velocity pr.file,mean passive tr.cer.concentr.tion pr.file,and r.ynolds str.ss *** r.sults show that the concentr.tion pr.file mer.es closest to the jet sour.es followed by the velocity pr.file with the r.ynolds str.ss pr.file mer.ing fur.hest fr.m the *** all thr.e pr.files the mer.e distance is r.latively insensitive to the momentum flux r.tio,consistent with pr.vious findings for.slot jets and buoyant r.und *** measur.d mer.e distances ar. consistent with pr.viously published r.sults for.equal r.und jets,though the poor.spatial r.solution of data in the liter.tur. means that limited compar.son is *** ar. no studies of unequal jet mer.er.cur.ently in the liter.tur. that could be used for.compar.son.

关键词： tur.ulent jet mer.ing jets unequal jets exper.ment

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Statistical evaluation of 571 GaAs quantum point contact tr.nsistor. showing the 0.7 anomaly in quantized conductance using cr.ogenic on-chip multiplexing

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Chip 2024年第3期3卷 21-28页

作者： Pengcheng Ma Kaveh delfanazar. r.uben K.Puddy Jiahui Li Moda Cao Teng Yi Jonathan P.Gr.ffiths Har.ey E.Beer. david A.r.tchie Michael J.Kelly Char.es G.smith Cavendish Labor.tor. Department of PhysicsUniversity of CambridgeCambridge CB30HEUK James Watt School of Engineer.ng University of GlasgowGlasgow G128QQUK Electr.cal Engineer.ng division University of CambridgeCambridge CB30FAUK

Themass pr.duction and the pr.ctical number.of cr.ogenic quantum devices pr.ducible in a single chip ar. limited to the number.of electr.cal contact pads and wir.ng of the cr.ostat or.dilution *** is,ther.for.,beneficial to contr.st themeasur.ments of hundr.ds of devices fabr.cated in a single chip in one cooldown pr.cess to pr.mote the scalability,integr.bility,r.liability,and r.pr.ducibility of quantum devices and to save evaluation time,cost and ***,we used a cr.ogenic on-chip multiplexer.ar.hitectur. and investigated the statistics of the 0.7 anomaly obser.ed on the fir.t thr.e plateaus of the quantized conductance of semiconductor.quantum point contact(QPC)*** single chips contain 256 split gate field-effect QPC tr.nsistor.(QFET)each,with two 16-br.nch multiplexed sour.e-dr.in and gate pads,allowing individual tr.nsistor. to be selected,addr.ssed and contr.lled thr.ugh an electr.static gate voltage pr.cess.A total of 1280 quantum tr.nsistor. with nano-scale dimensions ar. patter.ed in 5 differ.nt chips of GaAs *** the measur.ments of 571 functioning QFETs taken at temper.tur.s T[1.4 K and T[40 mK,it is found that the spontaneous polar.sation model and Kondo effect do not fit our.***,some of the featur.s in our.data lar.ely agr.ed with van Hove model with shor.-r.nge *** appr.ach pr.vides fur.her.insight into the quantum mechanical pr.per.ies and micr.scopic or.gin of the 0.7 anomaly in QFETs,paving the way for.the development of semiconducting quantum cir.uits and integr.ted cr.ogenic electr.nics,for.scalable quantum logic contr.l,r.adout,synthesis,and pr.cessing applications.

关键词： Cr.ogenic chip Cr.ogenic quantum multiplexer Semi-conductor.quantum integr.ted cir.uit Quantumﬁeld effect tr.nsistor. Quantum point contacts Chip-scale cr.ogenic electr.nics

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Vacuum inter.upter.high r.liability component of distr.bution switches,cir.uit br.aker. and contactor.

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Jour.al of Zhejiang Univer.ity-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineer.ng) 2007年第3期8卷 335-342页

作者： SLAdE Paul G. MAYO Stephen smith r.Kir.land TAYLOr.Er.k d. Eaton Electr.cal HorseheadsNY 14845USA

The use of vacuum inter.upter.(VIs)as the cur.ent inter.uption component for.switches,cir.uit br.aker.,r.closer. and contactor. oper.ting at distr.bution voltages has escalated since their.intr.duction in the mid-1950’*** electr.cal pr.duct has developed a dominating position for.switching and pr.tecting distr.bution *** ar. even being intr.duced into switching pr.ducts oper.ting at tr.nsmission *** the r.asons for.the VI’s popular.ty ar. its compactness,its r.nge of application,its low cost,its super. electr.cal and mechanical life and its ease of *** major.advantage is its well-established *** this paper.we show how this r.liability has been achieved by design,by mechanical life testing and by electr.cal per.or.ance *** intr.duce the“sealed for.life”concept for.the VI’s *** discuss this in ter.s of what is meant by a pr.ctical leak r.te for.VIs with a life of over.30 *** show that a simple high voltage withstand test is an easy and effective method for.monitor.ng the long-ter. vacuum *** we evaluate the need for.r.utine inspection of this electr.cal pr.duct when it is used in adver.e ambient envir.nments.

关键词： Vacuum inter.upter.(VI) r.liability Mechanical life Electr.cal life

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Challenges in Under.tanding Genome-Wide dNA Methylation

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Jour.al of Computer.Science & Technology 2010年第1期25卷 26-34页

作者：张伟奇 Andr.w d. smith Cold Spr.ng Har.or.Labor.tor. Cold Spring Harbor Bioinfor.atics division TNLIST and MOE Key Lab of Bioinformatics Tsinghua University depar.ment of Biological Sciences University of Southern California

dNA methylation is a chemical modification of the bases in genomes. This modification, most fr.quently found at CpG dinucleotides in eukar.otes, has been identified as having multiple cr.tical functions in br.ad and diver.e species of animals and plants, while myster.ously appear. to be lacking fr.m sever.l other.well-studied species. dNA methylation has well known and impor.ant r.les in genome stability and defense, its patter. change highly cor.elates with gene r.gulation. Much evidence has linked abnor.al dNA methylation to human diseases. Most pr.minently, aber.ant dNA methylation is a common featur. of cancer.genomes. Elucidating the pr.cise functions of dNA methylation ther.for. has gr.at biomedical significance. Her. we pr.vide an update on lar.e-scale exper.mental technologies for.detecting dNA methylation on a genomic scale. We also discuss new pr.spect and challenges that computational biologist will face when analyzing dNA methylation data.

关键词： dNA methylation epigenome computational epigenomics

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Finding a home for.hyoliths

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National Science r.view 2020年第2期7卷 470-471页

作者： Mar.in r.smith depar.ment of Ear.h Sciences Durham University NSr

Many of the animal lineages that ar.se dur.ng the Cambr.an evolutionar. r.diation, 540 million year. ago, ar. difficult to r.late to living taxa. Constr.ining the phylogenetic position of these highly dispar.te taxa allows their.idiosyncr.tic mor.hologies to illuminate the stepwise establishment of moder. body plans[1–3].Hyoliths ar. one such lineage; their.oper.ulate conical shells

关键词： Finding a home for.hyoliths

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PHOSPHOr.S r.MOVAL USING STEEL SLAG

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Acta Metallur.ica Sinica(English Letter.) 2006年第6期19卷 449-454页

作者： r.W. smith Metallur.ical and Mater.als depar.ment Nevada University of Reno NV89503 Nevada USA

Steel slag is a bypr.duct pr.duced in lar.e amounts in the steel-making pr.cess. It is an impor.ant r.sour.e that can be effectively utilized. An exper.ment was descr.bed in which steel slag was tested as an adsor.ent for.the r.moval of phosphor.s fr.m waste water. Phosphor.s r.moval depended on the amount of steel slag added, the pH value, the contact time, and the initial concentr.tion. Under.labor.tor. conditions when the added slag was 7.5g/L, the contact time 2h, and the pH value was equivalent to 6.5, over.99% of the phosphor.s was r.moved; the exper.mental data on steel slag adsor.tion of phosphor.s in the water.fitted the Fr.undlich isother. model. Steel slag was found to be ver. effective in adsor.ing phosphor.s.

关键词： steel slag waste water phosphor.s r.moval

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Intensified r.ver.salinization alter. nitr.gen-cycling micr.bial communities in ar.d and semi-ar.d r.gions of China

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Eco-Envir.nment & Health 2024年第3期3卷 271-280页

作者： Qingqing Pang dan Wang Zewei Jiang Mohamed Abdalla Lei Xie Xiang Zhu Fuquan Peng Pete smith Longmian Wang Lingzhan Miao Jun Hou Peng Yu Fei He Bin Xu Nanjing Institute of Envir.nmental Sciences Ministry of Ecology and EnvironmentNanjing 210042China College of Envir.nment Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China College of Agr.cultur.l Science and Engineer.ng Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Institute of Biological&Envir.nmental Sciences University of Aberdeen23 St Machar Dr.Aberdeen AB243UUUK School of Envir.nmental Science and Engineer.ng Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Shandong Academy of Envir.nmental Sciences Co. LtdJinan 250100China

Fr.shwater.salinization is r.ceiving incr.asing global attention due to its pr.found influence on nitr.gen cycling in aquatic ecosystems and the accessibility of water.***,a compr.hensive under.tanding of the changes in r.ver.salinization and the impacts of salinity on nitr.gen cycling in ar.d and semi-ar.d r.gions of China is cur.ently lacking.A meta-analysis was fir.t conducted based on pr.vious investigations and found an intensification in r.ver.salinization that alter.d hydr.chemical *** fur.her.analyze the impact of salinity on nitr.gen metabolism pr.cesses,we evaluated r.ver. with long-ter. salinity gr.dients based on in situ *** genes and enzymes that wer. inhibited gener.lly by salinity,especially those involved in nitr.gen fixation and nitr.fication,showed low abundances in thr.e salinity *** abundance of genes and enzymes with denitr.fication and dissimilator. nitr.te r.duction to ammonium functions still maintained a high pr.por.ion,especially for.denitr.fication genes/enzymes that wer. enr.ched under.medium *** bacter.a exhibited var.ous r.lationships with salinity,while dissimilator. nitr.te r.duction to ammonium bacter.um(such as Hydr.genophaga and Cur.ibacter.car.ying nir.)wer. mor. inhibited by salinity,indicating that diver.e denitr.fying bacter.a could be used to r.gulate nitr.gen *** gener. exhibited symbiotic and mutual r.lationships,and the highest pr.por.ion of significant positive cor.elations of abundant gener. was found under.medium *** study emphasizes the r.le of r.ver.salinity on envir.nment char.cter.stics and nitr.gen tr.nsfor.ation r.les,and our.r.sults ar. useful for.impr.ving the availability of r.ver.water.r.sour.es in ar.d and semi-ar.d r.gions.

关键词： Ar.d and semi-ar.d r.gions Nitr.gen cycle Nitr.gen tr.nsfor.ing functional bacter.a r.ver Salinity gr.dient

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Utility of faecal calpr.tectin analysis in adult inflammator. bowel disease

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Wor.d Jour.al of Gastr.enter.logy 2012年第46期18卷 6782-6789页

作者： Lyn A smith daniel r.Gaya Inflammator. Bowel diseases Ser.ice Gastroenterology Unit Glasgow Royal Infirmary

The inflammator. bowel diseases (IBd), Cr.hn's disease and ulcer.tive colitis, ar. chr.nic r.lapsing, r.mitting disor.er.. diagnosis, along with assessment of disease activity and pr.gnosis pr.sent challenges to managing clinicians. Faecal biomar.er., such as faecal calpr.tectin, ar. a non-invasive method which can be used to aid these decisions. Calpr.tectin is a calcium and zinc binding pr.tein found in the cytosol of human neutr.phils and macr.phages. It is r.leased extr.cellular.y in times of cell str.ss or.damage and can be detected within faeces and thus can be used as a sensitive mar.er.of intestinal inflammation. Faecal calpr.tectin has been shown to be useful in the diagnosis of IBd, cor.elates with mucosal disease activity and can help to pr.dict r.sponse to tr.atment or.r.lapse. With gr.wing evidence suppor.ing its use, over.the last decade this faecal biomar.er.has significantly changed the way IBd is managed.

关键词： Faecal calpr.tectin Inflammator. bowel disease Cr.hn's disease Ulcer.tive colitis Faecal biomar.er

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Isolated Lumbar.Extension r.sistance Tr.ining Is Effective at Impr.ving Extension Power.and disability in Subjects with diagnosed Lumbar.Multifidus dysfunction

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Open Jour.al of Ther.py and r.habilitation 2024年第3期12卷 245-255页

作者： William r.ger.Peter. James Thomas Er.est smith Mar.o Guiseppe Zotti Adam Leslie Lincoln Benjamin James Enser Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences Bond University Queensland Australia Back Neck Clinic Bundall Queensland Australia Kieser.Austr.lia Bundall Queensland Australia

Backgr.und: Lumbar.multifidus dysfunction is a pr.valent cause of disability in individuals with lower.back pain. Pr.vious r.sear.h highlights the benefits of isolated lumbar.extension tr.ining for.non-specific lower.back pain, however. studies examining its efficacy in lumbar.multifidus dysfunction ar. lacking. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of isolated lumbar.extension r.sistance tr.ining on disability and str.ngth in individuals with lumbar.multifidus dysfunction. Methods: Subjects under.ent a physiother.py led str.ctur.d r.habilitation pr.gr.m incor.or.ting isolated lumbar.extension. Sessions wer. conducted twice weekly tar.eting momentar. muscular.failur. with time under.load 90 - 120 seconds and pr.gr.ssions aimed at 5 - 10 lbs incr.ments. Outcomes wer. assessed using the Oswestr. disability Index and lumbar.extension str.ngth testing at baseline and after.12 weeks, with statistical analysis using t-test and chi-squar.d 2 × 2. r.sults: For.y-five subjects (24 male, 21 female) with a median age of 48 completed the inter.ention. Impr.vements wer. noted in Oswestr. disability Index scor.s (median pr.: 24, post: 15) and maximal lumbar.extension str.ngth (median pr.: 122 lb, post: 186 lb), with p ≤ 0.05. Over.ll, 89% showed impr.vement in disability scor.s, 67% moved to a better.disability categor., and 51% saw at least a 50% incr.ase in str.ngth. No significant gender.differ.nces wer. obser.ed. Conclusions: Isolated lumbar.extension r.sistance tr.ining is effective at impr.ving extension power.and disability in subjects with lumbar.multifidus dysfunction.

关键词： Low Back Pain Multifidus Muscle Str.ngth r.habilitation r.sistance Tr.ining

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