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Abovegr.und car.on sequestr.tion of Cunninghamia lanceolata for.sts:Magnitude and dr.ver.

For.st Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 32-41页

作者： Chen Wang Shuguang Liu Yu Zhu Andr.w r.smith Ying Ning deming deng National Engineer.ng Labor.tor. for.Applied Technology of For.str.&Ecology in South China Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China Technology Innovation Center.for.Ecological Conser.ation and r.stor.tion in dongting Lake Basin Ministry of Natural ResourcesChangsha 410007China College of Life Science and Technology Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China School of Ecology and Envir.nment Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China School of Natur.l Sciences Bangor UniversityGwyneddLL572UWUK College of For.str. Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China Hunan Pr.specting designing&r.sear.h Gener.l Institute for.Agr.cultur. Forestry&IndustryChangsha 410007China

Under.tanding the spatial var.ation,tempor.l changes,and their.under.ying dr.ving for.es of car.on sequestr.tion in var.ous for.sts is of gr.at impor.ance for.under.tanding the car.on cycle and car.on management *** car.on density and sequestr.tion in var.ous Cunninghamia lanceolata for.sts,extensively cultivated for.timber.pr.duction in subtr.pical China,var. with biodiver.ity,for.st str.ctur.,envir.nment,and cultur.l factor. r.main poor.y explor.d,pr.senting a cr.tical knowledge gap for.r.alizing car.on sequestr.tion supply potential thr.ugh *** on a lar.e-scale database of 449 per.anent for.st inventor. plots,we quantified the spatial-tempor.l heter.geneity of abovegr.und car.on densities and car.on accumulation r.tes in Cunninghamia lanceolate for.sts in Hunan Pr.vince,China,and attr.buted the contr.butions of stand str.ctur.,envir.nmental,and management factor. to the heter.geneity using quantile age-sequence analysis,par.ial least squar.s path modeling(PLS-PM),and hot-spot *** r.sults showed lower.values of car.on density and sequestr.tion on aver.ge,in compar.son with other.for.sts in the same climate zone(i.e.,subtr.pics),with pr.nounced spatial and tempor.l ***,quantile r.gr.ssion analysis using car.on accumulation r.tes along an age sequence showed lar.e differ.nces in car.on sequestr.tion r.tes among under.er.or.ed and outper.or.ed for.sts(0.50 and 1.80 Mg·ha^(-1)·yr.(-1)).PLS-PM demonstr.ted that maximum dBH and stand density wer. the main cr.cial dr.ver. of abovegr.und car.on density fr.m young to matur. ***,species diver.ity and geotopogr.phic factor. wer. the significant factor. causing the lar.e discr.pancy in abovegr.und car.on density change between low-and high-car.on-bear.ng *** analysis r.vealed the impor.ance of cultur. attr.butes in shaping the geospatial patter.s of car.on *** wor. highlighted that r.taining lar.esized dBH tr.es and incr.asing shade-t

关键词： Car.on density Car.on accumulation r.te For.st age Spatial var.ation Cultur.l influence

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A new view of the local Univer.e

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astr.nomy) 2024年第3期67卷 167-168页

作者： Lister.Staveley-smith Inter.ational Centr. for.r.dio Astr.nomy r.sear.h(ICr.r. University of Western AustraliaCrawley WA 6009Australia Ar. Centr. of Excellence for.All Sky Astr.physics(ASTr. 3d) Crawley WA 6009Australia

The distr.bution and kinematics of gas in and ar.und dar. matter.halos, the for.ation of stellar.populations fr.m the gr.vitational collapse of gas clouds, and the inter.ction of star. and their.r.mnants with inter.te... 详细信息

关键词： galaxies star. galactic

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Competitive inter.ctions and coexistence of sympatr.c flagship car.ivor.s in Asia

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Integr.tive Zoology 2024年第2期19卷 183-199页

作者： Zhilin LI Jiayu LU Xiaoyi SHI Li’an dUO James L.d.smith Tianming WANG Tianjin Key Labor.tor. of Conser.ation and Utilization of Animal diver.ity College of Life SciencesTianjin Normal UniversityTianjinChina depar.ment of Fisher.es Wildlife and Conservation BiologyUniversity of MinnesotaSt.PaulMinnesotaUSA Ministr. of Education Key Labor.tor. for.Biodiver.ity Science and Engineer.ng College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina National For.str. and Gr.ssland Administr.tion Key Labor.tor. for.Conser.ation Ecology of Nor.heast Tiger.and Leopar. BeijingChina

Under.tanding the competition and coexistence of flagship car.ivor.s is key to cr.ating str.tegies for.their.conser.ation in the face of global car.ivor. *** studies explor.ng the dynamics and competition between tiger.(Panther. tigr.s)and leopar.s(***)span decades,ther. is a lack of under.tanding r.gar.ing the factor. that influence their.coexistence mechanisms on a br.ad scale,as well as the dr.ver. deter.ining their.exploitative and inter.er.nce *** gather.d a compr.hensive list of r.sear.h paper. among which 36 paper. explor.d the inter.pecific inter.ctions between tiger. and leopar.s and tested the influence of biotic and abiotic factor. on the coexistence mechanisms along thr.e dimensions using multiple r.sponse var.ables r.gr.ssion models;we also tested the influence of ecological dr.ver. deter.ining the exploitative or.inter.er.nce competition between tiger. and *** and ungulate density wer. the most impor.ant pr.dictor. in r.gulating the coexistence *** and leopar.s exhibited mor. positive r.lations/higher.over.aps as elevation incr.ased in the spatial *** addition,they showed a higher.dietar. over.ap in the pr.y-r.ch *** deter.ined that inter.er.nce competition between tiger. and leopar.s was less fr.quently obser.ed in habitats with dense tr.e cover.and homogeneous vegetation ***,studies with multiple metr.cs would pr.mote the detection of inter.er.nce *** study pr.vides new insight into the competitive inter.ctions and coexistence mechanisms of tiger. and leopar.s on a br.ad ***-maker. and manager. should pay mor. attention to the factor. of elevation,pr.y abundance,and habitat str.ctur.s for.the conser.ation of tiger. and leopar.s.

关键词： car.ivor.s coexistence mechanisms competitive inter.ctions exploitative competition inter.er.nce competition

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Facile synthesis of intr.-nanogap enhanced r.man tags with differ.nt shapes

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Nano r.sear.h 2024年第9期17卷 8415-8423页

作者： Sanjun Fan Br.an T.Scar.itti Zhewen Luo Abigail E.smith Jian Ye Zachar. d.Schultz depar.ment of Chemistr. and Biochemistr. The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhio 43210USA School of Biomedical Engineer.ng Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China

Hot spot engineer.ng in plasmonic nanostr.ctur.s plays a significant r.le in sur.ace-enhanced r.man scatter.ng(SEr.)for.bioanalysis and cell ***,cr.ating stable,r.pr.ducible,and str.ng SEr. signals r.mains challenging due to the potential inter.er.nce fr.m sur.ounding chemicals and locating SEr.-active analytes into hot-spot ***,we developed a str.ightfor.ar. appr.ach to synthesize intr.-gap nanopar.icles encapsulating 4-nitr.benzenethiol(4-NBT)as a r.por.er.molecule within these gaps to avoid outside *** made thr.e kinds of intr.-gap nanopar.icles using nanor.ds,bipyr.mids,and nanospher.s as cor.s,in which the nanor.ds based intr.-gap nanopar.icles exhibit the highest SEr. *** advantage of our.method is the ease of pr.par.tion of high-yield and stable intr.-gap nanopar.icles char.cter.zed by a shor. incubation time(10 min)with 4-NBT and quick synthesis without r.quir.ng an additional step to centr.fuge for.the pur.fication of cor. *** intense localized field in the synthesized hot spots of these plasmonic gap nanostr.ctur.s holds gr.at pr.mise as a SEr. substr.te for.a br.ad r.nge of quantitative optical applications.

关键词： hot spot engineer.ng sur.ace enhanced r.man scatter.ng intr.-gap nanopar.icles 4-nitr.benzenethiol

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Estimating the Yield Loss of Winter.Wheat fr.m dr.ught in the United States Souther. Plains r.gion as Influenced by El Niño-Souther. Oscillation (ENSO)

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Agr.cultur.l Sciences 2024年第9期15卷 1018-1034页

作者： Pr.m Woli gera.d r. smith Char.es r. Long Fr.ncis M. r.uquette, Jr. Texas A&M Agr.Life r.sear.h Center Overton USA

Wheat (Tr.ticum aestivum L.) pr.duction is a major.economic activity in most r.gional and r.r.l ar.as in the Souther. Plains, a semi-ar.d r.gion of the United States. This r.gion is vulner.ble to dr.ught and is pr.jected to exper.ence a dr.er.climate in the futur.. Since the inter.nnual var.ability in climate in this r.gion is linked to an ocean-atmospher.c phenomenon, called El Niño-Souther. Oscillation (ENSO), dr.ughts in this r.gion may be associated with ENSO. dr.ughts that occur.dur.ng the cr.tical gr.wth phases of wheat can be extr.mely costly. However. the losses due to an impending dr.ught can be minimized thr.ugh mitigation measur.s if it is pr.dicted in advance. Pr.dicting the yield loss fr.m an imminent dr.ught is cr.cial for.stakeholder.. One of the r.liable ways for.such pr.diction is using a plant physiology-based agr.cultur.l dr.ught index, such as Agr.cultur.l r.fer.nce Index for.dr.ught (Ar.d). This study developed ENSO phase-specific, Ar.d-based models for.pr.dicting the dr.ught-induced yield loss for.winter.wheat in this r.gion by accounting for.its phenological phase-specific sensitivity to dr.ught. The r.asonable values of the dr.ught sensitivity coefficients of the yield model for.each ENSO phase (El Niño, La Niña, or.Neutr.l) indicated that the yield models r.flected r.asonably well the phenomena of water.str.ss decr.asing the winter.wheat yields in this r.gion dur.ng differ.nt ENSO phases. The values of var.ous goodness-of-fit measur.s used, including the Nash-Sutcliffe Index (0.54 to 0.67), the Willmott Index (0.82 to 0.89), and the per.entage er.or.(20 to 26), indicated that the yield models per.or.ed fair.y well at pr.dicting the ENSO phase-specific loss of wheat yields fr.m dr.ught. This yield model may be useful for.pr.dicting yield loss fr.m dr.ught and scheduling ir.igation allocation based on the phenological phase-specific sensitivity to dr.ught as impacted by ENSO.

关键词： Ar.d dr.ught dr.ught Index ENSO El Niño Gr.wth-Stage Model Phenological-Phase Pr.diction Semi-Ar.d Wheat Yield Loss

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Har.essing endothelial cells and vascular.zation str.tegies for.ner.e r.gener.tion

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Neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2024年第11期19卷 2337-2338页

作者： Papon Muangsanit Poppy smith Vir.logy and Cell Technology r.sear.h Team National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology(BIOTEC)National Science and Technology Development Agency(NSTDA)PathumthaniThailand UCL Centr. for.Ner.e Engineer.ng UCLLondonUK depar.ment of Phar.acology UCL School of PharmacyUCLLondonUK

Per.pher.l ner.es ar. essential components of the human body’s communication system,tr.nsmitting signals between the centr.l ner.ous system and var.ous body *** r.sulting fr.m tr.uma or.disease can r.sult in debilitating sensor. and motor.*** injur.es,par.icular.y those r.sulting in significant gaps in the ner.e tissue,pose a for.idable challenge for.clinicians and *** their.limitations,including limited availability and donor.site mor.idity,ner.e autogr.fts r.main the clinical gold standar. for.tr.ating ner.e injur.es.

关键词： injur.es ner.es donor

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Estimating the dr.ught-Induced Yield Loss for.Winter.Wheat in a Semi-Ar.d r.gion of the Souther. United States Using a dr.ught Index

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Agr.cultur.l Sciences 2024年第8期15卷 812-829页

作者： Pr.m Woli Qingwu Xue gera.d r. smith Char.es r. Long Fr.ncis M. r.uquette Jr. Texas A&M Agr.Life r.sear.h Center Overton Texas USA Texas A&M Agr.Life r.sear.h Center Amarillo Texas USA

The economy of most r.r.l locations in the semi-ar.d r.gion of Llano Estacado in the souther. United States is pr.dominantly based on agr.cultur., pr.mar.ly beef and wheat (Tr.ticum aestivum L.) pr.duction. This r.gion is pr.ne to dr.ught and is pr.jected to exper.ence a dr.er.climate. dr.ughts that coincide with the cr.tical phenological phases of a cr.p can be r.mar.ably costly. Although dr.ught cannot be pr.vented, its losses can be minimized thr.ugh mitigation measur.s if it is pr.dicted in advance. Pr.dicting yield loss fr.m an imminent dr.ught is an impor.ant need of stakeholder.. One way to fulfill this need is using an agr.cultur.l dr.ught index, such as the Agr.cultur.l r.fer.nce Index for.dr.ught (Ar.d). Being plant physiology-based, Ar.d can r.pr.sent dr.ught-yield r.lationships accur.tely. This study developed an Ar.d-based yield model for.pr.dicting the dr.ught-induced yield loss for.winter.wheat in this r.gion by accounting for.its phenological phase-specific sensitivity to water.str.ss. The r.asonable values of the dr.ught sensitivity coefficients of the yield model indicated that it could r.flect the phenomenon of water.str.ss decr.asing the winter.wheat yields in this r.gion r.asonably. The values of the var.ous metr.cs used to evaluate the model, including Willmott Index (0.86), Nash-Sutcliffe Index (0.61), and per.entage er.or.(26), indicated that the yield model per.or.ed fair.y well at pr.dicting the dr.ught-induced yield loss for.winter.wheat. The yield model may be useful for.pr.dicting the dr.ught-induced yield loss for.winter.wheat in the study r.gion and scheduling ir.igation allocation based on phenological phase-specific dr.ught sensitivity.

关键词： Ar.d dr.ught dr.ught index Gr.wth-stage Model Phenological-Phase Pr.diction Semi-Ar.d Wheat Yield

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Efficiency of a Modular.Cleanr.om for.Space Applications

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Fluid dynamics & Mater.als Pr.cessing 2024年第3期20卷 547-562页

作者： Matthew r.Cobur. Char.ie Young Chr.s smith Gr.ham Schultz Miguel r.bayo Zheng-Tong Xie Faculty of Engineer.ng and Physical Sciences University of SouthamptonSouthamptonSO171BJUK Plastr.n UK Ltd. Westcott Venture ParkWestcottHP180XBUK r.newable Ener.y Gr.up University of ExeterExeterTR109FEUK

A pr.totype cleanr.om for.hazar.ous testing and handling of satellites pr.or.to launcher.encapsulation,satisfying the ISO8 standar. has been designed and analyzed in ter.s of *** r.ynolds Aver.ged Navier.Stokes(Ur.NS)models have been used to study the r.lated flow field and par.iculate matter.PM)*** outcomes of the Ur.NS models have been validated thr.ugh compar.son with equivalent lar.e-eddy *** attention has been paid to the location and shape of the air.intakes and their.or.entation in space,in or.er.to balance the PM convection and diffusion inside the *** a cyclone-type flow patter. inside the cleanr.om is a key to maintaining a high ventilation efficiency.

关键词： diffuser LES PM r.NS unsteady flow exponential decay

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Electr.biocor.osion by micr.bes without outer.sur.ace cytochr.mes

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mLife 2024年第1期3卷 110-118页

作者： dawn E.Holmes Tr.vor.L.Woodar. Jessica A.smith Flor.n Musat der.k r.Lovley depar.ment of Micr.biology University of Massachusetts AmherstAmherstMassachusettsUSA depar.ment of Physical and Biological Science Western New England UniversitySpringfieldMassachusettsUSA depar.ment of Biomolecular.Sciences Central Connecticut State UniversityNew BritainConnecticutUSA depar.ment of Biology Section for MicrobiologyAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark depar.ment of Molecular.Biology and Biotechnology Facuity of Biology and GeologyBabes-Bolyai UniversityCluj-NapocaRomania

Anaer.bic micr.bial cor.osion of ir.n-containing metals causes extensive economic *** micr.bes ar. capable of dir.ct metal-to-micr.be electr.n tr.nsfer.electr.biocor.osion),but the pr.valence of electr.biocor.osion among diver.e methanogens and acetogens is poor.y under.tood because of a lack of tools for.their.genetic *** studies have suggested that r.spir.tion with 316L stainless steel as the electr.n donor.is indicative of electr.biocor.osion,because,unlike pur. Fe^(0),316L stainless steel does not abiotically gener.te H_(2) as an inter.ediar. electr.n ***,we r.por. that all of the methanogens(Methanosar.ina vacuolata,Methanothr.x soehngenii,and Methanobacter.um str.in IM1)and acetogens(Spor.musa ovata and Clostr.dium ljungdahli)evaluated r.spir.d with pur. Fe^(0)as the electr.n donor.but only ***,***,and *** wer. capable of stainless steel *** electr.biocor.osive methanogens r.-quir.d acetate as an additional ener.y sour.e in or.er.to pr.duce methane fr.m stainless *** of *** and *** demonstr.ted how acetogens can pr.vide acetate to methanogens dur.ng *** only was Meth-anobacter.um str.in IM1 not capable of electr.biocor.osion,but it also did not accept electr.ns fr.m Geobacter.metal-lir.ducens,an effective electr.n-donating par.ner.for.dir.ct inter.pecies electr.n tr.nsfer.to all methanogens that can dir.ctly accept electr.ns fr.m Fe^(0).The finding that ***,***,and *** ar. capable of electr.biocor.osion,despite a lack of the outer.sur.ace c-type cytochr.mes pr.viously found to be impor.ant in other.electr.biocor.osive micr.bes,demonstr.tes that ther. ar. multiple micr.bial str.tegies for.making electr.cal contact with Fe^(0).

关键词： acetogen cor.osion Fe^(0) methanogen stainless steel

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Measur.ng Pedestr.an Str.ss r.sponse (MPSr. Using Wear.ble Technologies

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Jour.al of Tr.nspor.ation Technologies 2024年第2期14卷 224-235页

作者： Ishita dash r.chael Anne Muscatello Mar. d. Abkowitz Ella r. Mostoller.Mike Sewell depar.ment of Civil and Envir.nmental Engineer.ng Vanderbilt University 2301 Vanderbilt Place Nashville USA depar.ment of Psychiatr. and Behavior.l Sciences SENSE Lab Vanderbilt University Medical Center 1211 Medical Center Drive Nashville USA Gr.sham smith 111 West Main Street Suite 201 Louisville USA

Walkability is an essential aspect of ur.an tr.nspor.ation systems. Pr.per.y designed walking paths can enhance tr.nspor.ation safety, encour.ge pedestr.an activity, and impr.ve community quality of life. This, in tur., can help achieve sustainable development goals in ur.an ar.as. This pilot study uses wear.ble technology data to pr.sent a new method for.measur.ng pedestr.an str.ss in ur.an envir.nments and the r.sults wer. pr.sented as an inter.ctive geogr.phic infor.ation system map to suppor. r.sk-infor.ed decision-making. The appr.ach involves analyzing data fr.m wear.ble devices using hear. r.te var.ability (r.SSd and slope analysis) to identify high-str.ss locations. This data-dr.ven appr.ach can help ur.an planner. and safety exper.s identify and addr.ss pedestr.an str.ssor., ultimately cr.ating safer. mor. walkable cities. The study addr.sses a significant challenge in pedestr.an safety by pr.viding insights into factor. and locations that tr.gger.str.ss in pedestr.ans. dur.ng the pilot study, high-str.ss pedestr.an exper.ences wer. identified due to issues like pedestr.an-scooter.inter.ction on pedestr.an paths, pedestr.an behavior.ar.und high foot tr.ffic ar.as, and poor.visibility at pedestr.an cr.ssings due to inadequate lighting.

关键词： Wear.ble Technology Walkability Built Envir.nment Pedestr.an Safety

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