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Transcatheter Closure vs.Surgical Ligation in Preterm Infants with Patent Ductus Arteriosus:A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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Congenital Heart Disease 2023年第2期18卷 245-265页

作者： Rohan Suresh Daniel georgia k.schmidt Hayato Nakanishi karen Smayra Mariah N.Mascara Dilip k.Vankayalapati Reem H.Matar Christian A.Than George Shiakos Ioannis Tzanavaros St George’s University of LondonLondonUK University of Nicosia Medical School University of NicosiaNicosia2417Cyprus Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo ClinicRochester55905USA School of Biomedical Sciences The University of QueenslandSt LuciaBrisbane4072Australia Cardiac Innovation Center of Apollonion Private Hospital NicosiaCyprus

Background:Persistent patent ductus arteriosus(pPDA)is a common condition in preterm infants.This metaanalysis aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of transcatheter closure(TC)when compared to surgical ligation(SL)in preterm infants with pPDA.Methods:A literature search of Ovid Cochrane Library,Medline,Embase,Epub,Scopus,PMC Preprints,and ClinicalTrials.Gov was conducted from inception to May 06,2022.Eligible studies reported infants diagnosed with pPDA born at≤2000 g birth weight or at≤37 weeks’who underwent TC or SL as treatment.This review was registered in PROSPERO(CRD42022325944).Results:From 97 studies screened,8 studies met the eligibility criteria,with a total of 756 preterm infants undergoing either TC(n=366)or SL(n=390).Compared to TC,SL had higher mortality rates(OR=0.32,95%CI:0.16,0.66,I^(2)=0%).No difference was seen in post-procedural complication rate(OR=0.90,95%CI:0.18,4.44,I^(2)=79%),mean duration of post-procedural mechanical ventilation(MD=−2.21 days,95%CI:−4.88,0.47,I^(2)=60%),hospital stay length(MD=−8.30 days,95%CI:−17.03,0.44,I^(2)=0%)or neonatal intensive care unit stay length(MD=−3.50 days,95%CI:−10.27,3.27,I^(2)=0%).Conclusion:Our meta-analysis demonstrated TC as a viable alternative option in managing preterm infants with pPDA in the context of SL.Despite the promising trends demonstrated in this meta-analysis,further studies with larger sample size and controlled baseline characteristics are needed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of TC and SL for preterm infants with pPDA.

关键词： Patent ductus arteriosus transcatheter surgery preterm infants systematic review

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Reduction of epinephrine in the lumbar spinal cord following repetitive blast-induced traumatic brain injury in rats

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1548-1552页

作者： Shigeharu Tsuda Mustafa Golam Jiamei Hou kevin k.W.Wang Floyd J.Thompson Prodip Bose Brain Rehabilitation Research Center Malcom Randall VA Medical CenterNorth Florida/South Georgia Veterans Health SystemGainesvilleFLUSA Department of Anesthesiology College of MedicineUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA Department of Emergency Medicine University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA Department of Neuroscience University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA Department of Neurology University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA

Traumatic brain inju ry-induced unfavorable outcomes in human patients have independently been associated with dysregulated levels of monoamines,especially epinephrine,although few preclinical studies have examined the epinephrine level in the central nervous system after traumatic brain injury.Epinephrine has been shown to regulate the activities of spinal motoneurons as well as increase the heart rate,blood pressure,and blood flow to the hindlimb muscles.Therefore,the purpose of the present study was to determine the impact of repeated blast-induced traumatic brain injury on the epinephrine levels in seve ral function-s pecific central nervous system regions in rats.Following three repeated blast injuries at 3-day intervals,the hippocampus,motor cortex,locus coeruleus,vestibular nuclei,and lumbar spinal cord were harvested at post-injury day eight and processed for epinephrine assays using a high-sensitive electrochemical detector cou pled with high-performance liquid chromatography.Our results showed that the epinephrine levels were significantly decreased in the lumbar spinal cord tissues of blast-induced traumatic brain injury animals compared to the levels detected in age-and sex-matched sham controls.In other function-specific central nervous system regions,although the epinephrine levels were slightly altered following blast-induced tra u matic brain injury,they were not statistically significant.These results suggest that blast injury-induced significant downregulation of epinephrine in the lumbar spinal cord could negatively impact the motor and cardiovascular function.This is the first repo rt to show altered epinephrine levels in the spinal cord following repetitive mild blast-induced traumatic brain injury.

关键词： balance blood flow cardiovascular system central nervous system epinephrine ischemic damage lumbar spinal cord muscle tone repeated blast spasticity traumatic brain injury

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Genetic analyses of ancient tea trees provide insights into the breeding history and dissemination of Chinese Assam tea(Camellia sinensis var.assamica)

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Plant Diversity 2024年第2期46卷 229-237页

作者： Miao-Miao Li Muditha k.Meegahakumbura Moses C.Wambulwa kevin S.Burgess Michael Möller Zong-Fang Shen De-Zhu Li Lian-Ming Gao CAS key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming650201China Germplasm Bank of Wild Species Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming650201China kunming College of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming650201YunnanChina Department of Export Agriculture Faculty of Animal Science and Export AgricultureUva Wellassa UniversityBadulla90000Sri Lanka Department of Life Sciences School of Science and ComputingSouth Eastern Kenya University170-90200KituiKenya Department of Biology Columbus State UniversityUniversity System of GeorgiaColumbusGA31907-5645USA Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh 20A Inverleith RowEdinburghEH35LRScotlandUK Lijiang Forest Biodiversity National Observation and Research Station Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesLijiang674100YunnanChina

Chinese Assam tea(Camellia sinensis var.assamica)is an important tea crop with a long history of cultivation in Yunnan,China.Despite its potential value as a genetic resource,its genetic diversity and domestication/breeding history remain unclear.To address this issue,we genotyped 469 ancient tea plant trees representing 26 C.sinensis var.assamica populations,plus two of its wild relatives(six and three populations of C.taliensis and C.crassicolumna,respectively)using 16 nuclear microsatellite loci.Results showed that Chinese Assam tea has a relatively high,but comparatively lower gene diversity(H_(S)=0.638)than the wild relative C.crassicolumna(H_S=0.658).Clustering in STRUCTURE indicated that Chinese Assam tea and its two wild relatives formed distinct genetic groups,with considerable interspecific introgression.The Chinese Assam tea accessions clustered into three gene pools,corresponding well with their geographic distribution.However,New Hybrids analysis indicated that 68.48%of ancient Chinese Assam tea plants from Xishuangbanna were genetic intermediates between the Puer and Lincang gene pools.In addition,10%of the ancient Chinese Assam tea individuals were found to be hybrids between Chinese Assam tea and C.taliensis.Our results suggest that Chinese Assam tea was domesticated separately in three gene pools(Puer,Lincang and Xishuangbanna)in the Mekong River valley and that the hybrids were subsequently selected during the domestication process.Although the domestication history of Chinese Assam tea in southwestern Yunnan remains complex,our results will help to identify valuable genetic resources that may be useful in future tea breeding programs.

关键词： Tea plant Hybrid origin Genetic diversity Domestication history Camellia sinensis var.assamica Camellia taliensis

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ERAD: Enhanced Ransomware Attack Defense System for Healthcare Organizations

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2024年第5期17卷 270-296页

作者： Xinyue Li Vijay k. Madisetti School of Cybersecurity and Privacy Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia USA

Digital integration within healthcare systems exacerbates their vulnerability to sophisticated ransomware threats, leading to severe operational disruptions and data breaches. Current defenses are typically categorized into active and passive measures that struggle to achieve comprehensive threat mitigation and often lack real-time response effectiveness. This paper presents an innovative ransomware defense system, ERAD, designed for healthcare environments that apply the MITRE ATT&Ck Matrix to coordinate dynamic, stage-specific countermeasures throughout the ransomware attack lifecycle. By systematically identifying and addressing threats based on indicators of compromise (IOCs), the proposed system proactively disrupts the attack chain before serious damage occurs. Validation is provided through a detailed analysis of a system deployment against LockBit 3.0 ransomware, illustrating significant enhancements in mitigating the impact of the attack, reducing the cost of recovery, and strengthening the cybersecurity framework of healthcare organizations, but also applicable to other non-health sectors of the business world.

关键词： Ransomware Healthcare Cybersecurity MITRE ATT&Ck Matrix Incident Response Ransomware Attack Lifecycle Digital Health Safety

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Cybersecurity Risk Management through Behavior-Based Contextual Analysis of Online Logs

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2024年第6期17卷 487-507页

作者： Irawati Edlabadkar Vijay k. Madisetti School of Cybersecurity & Privacy Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA

This paper studies cyber risk management by integrating contextual log analysis with User and Entity Behavior Analytics (UEBA). Leveraging Python scripting and PostgreSQL database management, the solution enriches log data with contextual and behavioral information from Linux system logs and semantic datasets. By incorporating Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) metrics and customized risk scoring algorithms, the system calculates Insider Threat scores to identify potential security breaches. The integration of contextual log analysis and UEBA [1] offers a proactive defense against insider threats, reducing false positives and prioritizing high-risk alerts.

关键词： Cyber Risk UEBA CVSS

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User Profile & Attitude Analysis Based on Unstructured Social Media and Online Activity

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2024年第6期17卷 463-473页

作者： Yuting Tan Vijay k. Madisetti School of Cybersecurity and Privacy Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA

As social media and online activity continue to pervade all age groups, it serves as a crucial platform for sharing personal experiences and opinions as well as information about attitudes and preferences for certain interests or purchases. This generates a wealth of behavioral data, which, while invaluable to businesses, researchers, policymakers, and the cybersecurity sector, presents significant challenges due to its unstructured nature. Existing tools for analyzing this data often lack the capability to effectively retrieve and process it comprehensively. This paper addresses the need for an advanced analytical tool that ethically and legally collects and analyzes social media data and online activity logs, constructing detailed and structured user profiles. It reviews current solutions, highlights their limitations, and introduces a new approach, the Advanced Social Analyzer (ASAN), that bridges these gaps. The proposed solutions technical aspects, implementation, and evaluation are discussed, with results compared to existing methodologies. The paper concludes by suggesting future research directions to further enhance the utility and effectiveness of social media data analysis.

关键词： Social Media User Behavior Analysis Sentiment Analysis Data Mining Machine Learning User Profiling Cybersecurity Behavioral Insights Personality Prediction

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Certis: Cloud Asset Management & Threat Evaluation Using Behavioral Fingerprinting at Application Layer

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2024年第6期17卷 474-486页

作者： kumardwij Bhatnagar Vijay k. Madisetti School of Cybersecurity & Privacy Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA

This paper introduces Certis, a powerful framework that addresses the challenges of cloud asset tracking, management, and threat detection in modern cybersecurity landscapes. It enhances asset identification and anomaly detection through SSL certificate parsing, cloud service provider integration, and advanced fingerprinting techniques like JARM at the application layer. Current work will focus on cross-layer malicious behavior identification to further enhance its capabilities, including minimizing false positives through AI-based learning techniques. Certis promises to offer a powerful solution for organizations seeking proactive cybersecurity defenses in the face of evolving threats.

关键词： Certis SSL Certificate Parsing JARM Fingerprinting Anomaly Detection Proactive Defense

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A Comparative Analysis of Cybersecurity Threat Taxonomies for Healthcare Organizations

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2024年第5期17卷 359-377页

作者： Mahima Jaikanth Vijay k. Madisetti School of Cybersecurity and Privacy Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA

Information technology is critical in coordinating patient records, smart devices, operations, and critical infrastructure in healthcare organizations, and their constantly changing digital environment, including suppliers, doctors, insurance providers, and regulatory agencies. This dependence on interdependent systems makes this sector vulnerable to various information technology risks. Such threats include common cybersecurity risks such as data breaches and malware attacks, unique problems occurring in healthcare settings such as unauthorized access to patient records, disruptions in services provided at medical facilities, and potential harm caused to patients due to the compromise of medical devices. The threat taxonomies, such as the Open Threat Taxonomy, NIST, or ENISA, are foundational frameworks for grasping and categorizing IT threats. However, these taxonomies were not specifically designed to deal with the complexities of the healthcare industry. The problem arises from the gap between these taxonomies’ general nature and the industry-specific threats and vulnerabilities that affect healthcare organizations. As a result, many healthcare institutions fail to holistically address and eliminate the unique risks related to confidentiality, integrity, and availability of patients’ data as well as critical systems used in healthcare. This paper aims to narrow this gap by carefully assessing these taxonomies to determine the frame-work best suited for addressing the threat environment in the healthcare sector.

关键词： Threat Taxonomies Open Threat Taxonomy (OTT)

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Sher: A Secure Broker for DevSecOps and CI/CD Workflows

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2024年第5期17卷 321-339页

作者： Pranau kumar Vijay k. Madisetti School of Cybersecurity and Privacy Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta USA

GitHub Actions, a popular CI/CD platform, introduces significant security challenges due to its integration with GitHub’s open ecosystem and its use of flexible workflow configurations. This paper presents Sher, a Python-based tool that enhances the security of GitHub Actions by automating the detection and remediation of security issues in workflows. Self-Hosted Ephemeral Runner, or Sher, acts as a broker between GitHub’s APIs and a customizable, isolated environment, analyzing workflows through a static rules engine and automatically fixing identified issues. By providing a secure, ephemeral runner environment and a dynamic analysis tool, Sher addresses common misconfigurations and vulnerabilities, contributing to the resilience and integrity of DevSecOps practices within software development pipelines.

关键词： CI/CD Pipelines GitHub GitOps DevSecOps Isolation Security SAST

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3D Raman mapping as an analytical tool for investigating the coatings of coated drug particles

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2023年第3期13卷 276-286页

作者： georgia koutentaki Pavel krýsa Dan Trunov Tomás Pekarek Marketa Pislova Miroslav Soos Department of Chemical Engineering University of Chemistry and Technology PraguePrague 616628Czech Republic Zentiva k.s.Prague 1010237Czech Republic

The properties of dry-coated paracetamol particles(fast-dissolving model drug)with carnauba wax particles as the coating agent(dissolution retardant)were investigated.Raman mapping technique was used to non-destructively examine the thickness and homogeneity of coated particles.The results showed that the wax existed in two forms on the surface of the paracetamol particles,forming a porous coating layer:i)whole wax particles on the surface of paracetamol and glued together with other wax surface particles,and ii)deformed wax particles spread on the surface.Regardless of the final particle size fraction(between 100 and 800 mm),the coating thickness had high variability,with average thickness of 5.9±4.2 mm.The ability of carnauba wax to decrease the dissolution rate of paracetamol was confirmed by dissolution of powder and tablet formulations.The dissolution was slower for larger coated particles.Tableting further reduced the dissolution rate,clearly indicating the impact of subsequent formulation processes on the final quality of the product.

关键词： Raman mapping Dry-coating Dissolution Particle coating thickness Polymers

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