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Effect of the seeds provenance and treatment on the germination rate and plants growth of four forest trees species of Cote d’Ivoire

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第1期32卷 161-169页

作者： Sélastique Doff ou Akaff ou AiméKouassi kouame Nestor Bi Boh Gore georges Yao Abessika Henri kouadio Kouassi Perla Hamon Sylvie Sabatier Jerome Duminil Department for Seeds and Seedlings Production Jean Lorougnon GuédéUniversityBP 150DaloaCote d’Ivoire IRD UMR DIADEB.P.6450134394 Montpellier Cedex 5France CIRAD UMR AMAP34398 MontpellierFrance

The rapid rate of deforestation in Cote d’Ivoire has led to loss of plant species diversity and also threatens some commercial tree species with *** reforestation and aff orestation has been ***,for some species,the numbers of surviving transplants has ***,it is necessary to develop properly adapted and resilient genotypes that can eff ectively support the programs of forest *** this context we evaluated the eff ects of the provenances of seeds and of various treatments on the germination rates and on plant growth of four commercial trees species(Pycnanthus angolensis,Terminalia superba,Mansonia altissima and Pterygota macrocarpa).We analyzed these parameters for seeds of three provenances(Daloa,Akoupéand Daoukro)of four species and for thirty plants aged 6 months per *** to begin germination and time to reach maximum germination were similar among species,and were not infl uenced by either treatment or *** seeds and those soaked for 24 and 48 h in water at room temperature yielded the highest germination rates,irrespective of species or *** one exception was ***,for which no germination was *** species,some provenances produced higher germination percentages than did *** clear relationship was computed between the germination rate and the morphometric characteristics of the seeds which varied signifi cantly between *** growth and morphological variability also depended greatly on *** factors might be implicated,therefore provenance trials should be undertaken and ***,molecular analysis should be undertaken to confi rm the implications of genetic factors and allow for genetic selection.

关键词： Forest trees Seed germination Plant growth Provenance Cote d’Ivoire

Estimates and Variability of the Air-Sea CO₂ Fluxes in the Gulf of Guinea during the 2005-2007 Period

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Open Journal of Marine Science 2016年第1期6卷 11-22页

作者： Urbain Koffi georges kouadio Yves K. kouadio Ecole Normale Supérieure d’Abidjan Laboratoire des Sciences Physiques Fondamentales et Appliquées Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire Université Felix Houphouet-Boigny de Cocody Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire

Measurements of CO2 parameters (i.e. Total Alkalinity (TA) and Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC)) were made from June 2005 to September 2007 in six EGEE (“Etude de la circulation océanique et de savariabilitédans le Golfe de GuinEE”) cruises to better assess air-sea CO2 fluxes in the Gulf of Guinea (6°N - 10°S, 10°E - 10°W). Two empirical relationships TA-Salinity and DIC-Salinity-Temperature were established. These relationships were then used to estimate the monthly fugacity of CO2 (fCO2) and air-sea CO2 fluxes. The monthly mean flux of CO2 reaches 1.76 ± 0.82 mmol·m-2·d-1 (resp. 2.90 ± 1.45 mmol·m-2·d-1) at the north of the Equator (resp. at the South). The north-south gradient observed as the patterns of the air-sea CO2 fluxes was mainly driven by the oceanic fCO2. This gradient was due to the low values of the CO2 parameters flowing by the Guinea Current (6°N - 0°) from the west to the east while the air-sea CO2 fluxes increased in the south (10°S - 0). In the north, the climatology of Takahashi underestimated the CO2 fluxes in the Gulf of Guinea when comparing to the estimated fluxes. This was due to the north-south gradient, which did not well reproduce by the climatology of Takahashi.

关键词： CO2 Fluxes Total Alkalinity Dissolved Inorganic Carbon Gulf of Guinea

Improvement of Cashew Apple Juice (<i>Anacardium occidentale</i>L.) by Association with Passion Fruit Juice (<i>Passiflora edulis</i>)

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2021年第7期12卷 787-804页

作者： Marc Adou Yao Désiré Adjouman kouadio Olivier kouadio Achille Fabrice Tetchi N’Guessan georges Amani UFR des Sciences et Technologies des Aliments Université Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Cô te d’Ivoire (CSRS-CI) Abidjan CCentre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en C&ocirc te d’Ivoire (CSRS-CI) Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoirete d’Ivoire

Despite many advantages, the many technologies studied to eliminate astringency from cashew apple juice are not all accessible and not adopted by processors due to the lack of financial means to access these sophisticated technologies. Thus, the formulation of mixed juice based on cashew apple juice and passion fruit juice has proved to be a way of adding value to the cashew apple, a co-product of the production of the nut. After the formulation of the mixed juice in different proportions and the sensory evaluation, it appears that the juice of formulation E is more appreciated by the tasters. Indeed, this juice has preferred sensory characteristics in terms of color (6.90), flavor (5.47), odor (6.42), settling (6.28) and overall acceptance (6.53). These characteristics are similar to those of passion fruit juice in terms of color, odor, and overall acceptance, where the latter obtained scores of 6.94, 7.17 and 6.00 respectively;and also, to those of cashew apple juice in terms of flavor and decanting, where the latter obtained scores of 5.19 and 6.14 respectively. Therefore, the addition of passion fruit juice to cashew apple juice results in a new product that is more appreciated when mixed with proportions of 90 mL of passion fruit juice and 10 mL of cashew apple juice. For example, passion fruit juice, due to its color, flavor, and odor, has helped reduce the pronounced astringency of raw cashew apple juice. Ultimately, formulation E is recommended to improve the organoleptic value of cashew apple juice.

关键词： Cashew Nut Cashew Apple Juice Passion Fruit Juice Sensory Analysis

Impacts of Field Harvesting and Conservation Practices on the Physical Quality of Yam “Kponan” (Dioscorea cayenensis-rotundata) of Côte D’Ivoire

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2022年第12期12卷 1979-1994页

作者： Yapo Hypolithe kouadio Kouakou Nestor Kouassi Daouda Nimaga Yao Denis N’dri N’Guessan georges Amani Laboratory of Food Biochemistry and Technology of Tropical Products Department of Food Science and Technology NANGUI ABROGOUA University Abidjan C&ocirc te D’Ivoire Swiss Center for Scientific Research in Cô te d’Ivoire (CSRS-CI) Abidjan C&ocirc te D’Ivoire Agronomic Forestry and Environmental Engineering Department University of Man Man C&ocirc te D’Ivoire

Yam “Kponan” (Dioscorea cayenensis-rotundata) is a popular staple food in Côte d’Ivoire. However, its rapid decay during conservation prevents regular supply of markets. The objective of this study was therefore to assess the impact of field cultivation and conservation practices on some physical quality parameters of “Kponan”. To this end, “Kponan” yam from three production areas (Bondoukou, Bouna, Kouassi-Kouassikro) was cultivated in each area. At maturity, physical parameters of yams at harvest and after 3 months of storage in field were analyzed. The results showed that injury was the most significant deterioration in yam harvest. The rate of injured yams was highest for hoe-harvested in Kouassi-Kouassikro area (16.67% - 22.22%) regardless of the origin of the cuttings. The main damage observed after the 3 months of storage was rots (22.86% - 60.00%) and weight loss (8.57% - 42.86%). However, yams stored in pits in Bouna zone had less damage (40% - 48.87%) than those stored under straw huts in Bondoukou locality (100%) and at shade under a tree in Kouassi-Kouassikro area (100%). In conclusion, the physical quality of “Kponan” in field is most affected by abusive use of herbicides during weeding and clearing, hoe harvesting and storage in the shade under a tree.

关键词： “Kponan” Yam Post-Harvest Loss Cultivation Practices Conservation Practices Physical Quality

Abundance and Source Identification of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments of the Ivory Coastal Zone (Toukouzou Hozalem-Assinie)

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2023年第1期14卷 12-27页

作者： Laure Emma Oura Vanh Eric-Simon Zran georges kouadio Horo Koné Affoué Tindo Sylvie Konan Albert Trokourey Kouassi Benjamin Yao Fofana Bakary Laboratoire des Procédés Industriels de Synthèse de l’Environnement et des Energies Nouvelles (LAPISEN) de l’Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouë t Boigny de Yamoussoukro Yamoussoukro C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Centre Analyses et Recherche (CAR) Petroci Holding Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Laboratoire de Constitution et Réaction de la Matière (LCRM) Université Félix Houphouet Boigny Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire Department of Science and Technology Université Alassane Ouattara de Bouaké Bouaké C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Laboratoire de Thermodynamique et de Physico Chimie du Milieu Université Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Centre D’Analyse et de Recherche de la PETROCI (DCAR) Cô te d’Ivoire. Immeuble les Hevéas-14 Bd Carde Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are strongly associated with agricultural, residential, transportation, industrial and petroleum activities. In this study, the presence of PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) was investigated in sediments of the ivory coastal zone (Toukouzou Hozalem-Assinie). The main objectives of this study were to determine the abundance and to predict the source of PAHs in the sediments. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to analyze sixteen priority PAHs. Total PAHs concentrations were from 1.31 to 3992.68 mg/kg in sediment with an average concentration of (307.54 ± 16.10) mg/kg. Among all PAHs, Naphthalene (Nap = 332.72 mg/kg) and Phenanthrene (Phe = 41.75 mg/kg) were found in the highest concentration, whereas Benzo (k) Fluoranthene was found in the least concentration in the range of 0 - 0.85 mg/kg (mean 0.24 mg/kg). Bassam-Modeste Lagune (BML) sampling site was the site with the highest concentration of total PAHs (all 16 PAHs) compared to the others due to their location in a highly populated estuary area that receives commercial, tourism, port, petroleum and heavy industrial activities. Diagnostic ratios were used to determine the sources of PAHs and suggested that the PAH profile in the sediments was dominated by 2 and 3 ring PAHs. The patterns of PAH compounds in sediment indicated that contamination is from mixed sources, with a strong indication of petrogenic contamination potentially from spills of fuel, oil and industrial activities.

关键词： Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Sediment Source Abundance Ivorian Coastal