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Jaundice in the Newborn at the Teaching Hospital of Brazzaville

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2019年第2期9卷 111-118页

作者： Gaston Ekouya Bowassa Giresse Tsouassa Wa Ngono Neli Yvette Ngakengni Engoba moyen Koumou Onanga Steve Missambou Mandilou georges moyen Faculty of Health Sciences Marien NGOUABI University of Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo Department of Neonatology University Hospital of Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo Department of Biochimy University Hospital of Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo

Introduction: Jaundice is a major symptom during neonatal time. It is defined by a bilirubin ≥ 50 mg/l. Objectives: To determine the frequency of neonatal jaundice at the Brazzaville University Hospital, to determine the main etiologies, to evaluate the management, to specify the evolution. Patients and Method: It was a prospective and descriptive study that was conducted in the Neonatology Department and Biochemistry Laboratory of the University Hospital of Brazzaville, from 1st August 2015 to 31st July 2016. It included newborn children admitted into the neonatal unit for treatment of jaundice. The variables studied were epidemiological, clinical, etiological therapy and outcome. Results: The frequency of the neonatal jaundice is 7.2%. The hyperbilirubinemia as not conjugated was found in 99.1% of cases. The main causes are bacterial neonatal infection n = 102 (47.9%), the physiological icterus n = 46 (21.6%) and the ABO incompatibility n = 40 (18.8%). The treatment consists of the phototherapy in all cases. Each phototherapy session lasts 3 hours n = 99 (56.9%), 6 hours n = 58 (33.3%) and 12 hours n = 17 (9.8%). The average duration of the administering of the therapy is of 3 ± 2 days. Hyperbilirubinemia encephalopathy occurred in 62 (29.1%) cases, including 49 cases of kernicterus. The death occurred in 70 (32.9%) children. Conclusion: The importance and the gravity of the neonatal jaundice require primary preventive means based on proper care in pregnancy and the birth. While the secondary prevention includes high index of suspicion, comprehensive diagnostic equipment availability to prevent acute bilirubin encephalopathy.

关键词： Jaundice Neonatal Phototherapy Bilirubin Encephalopathy

Rectal Prolapse of the Child at the Center University Hospital of Brazzaville

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2017年第4期7卷 359-362页

作者： Mieret Jean Claude moyen Engoba Koumbourou Judicael Antsiemi Yves Mboutol Mandavo Carine Yaokreh Jean Baptiste moyen georges Department of Pediatric Surgery Center University Hospital of BrazzavilleBrazzavilleCongo Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Center University Hospital of BrazzavilleBrazzavilleCongo Department of Pediatric Surgery Yopougon University HospitalAbidjanCote d’Ivoire

Summary: The aim of this work was to determine the frequency of rectal prolapse and to describe the therapeutic aspects. Material and Methods: A descriptive study with a retrospective collection was carried out between January 2013 and May 2016 in 29 months in the pediatric surgery department at the Center University Hospital of Brazzaville. Children between the ages of 1 and 15 years of age, treated for rectal prolapse and whose records were exploitable were included. The variables studied were: age, gender, parental socio-economic status, consultation time, preference factors, pre-admission treatment, treatment initiated and progression. Results: In 29 months, 22 cases of rectal prolapse were collected, i.e. a hospital frequency of 0.96%. The mean age was 4.5 years extremes (1 and 11 years). The average time of consultation was 5 days extremes (1 and 21 days). Diarrhea 5 cases (23%), constipation diarrhea 3 cases (14%), constipation 10 cases (45%), bronchopneumopathy 4 cases (18%). The treatment was surgical according to the Thiersch technique in all cases. The evolution was favorable. Conclusion: Rectal prolapse, a benign pathology, is relatively uncommon. Constipation remains the main factor favoring the need to take care of upstream. Treatment by the Thiersch method remains the first choice in children.

关键词： Rectal Prolapse Frequency Children

Morbidity and Mortality in Adolescents at the University Hospital of Brazzaville

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第2期11卷 243-253页

作者： Engoba moyen Vérinal Ouemeyi-Enani Annie Rachelle Okoko Ben Borgea Nianga Verlem Bomelefa-Bomel georges Marius moyen Faculty of Health Sciences University Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville Congo Department of Intensive Care Pediatrics University Hospital of Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo Program and Project Coordination Unit Ministry of Health and Population Brazzaville Congo

Introduction: Adolescent morbidity and mortality is a health concern. Objective: To determine morbidity, identify the causes of morbi-mortality and the factors associated with adolescent mortality in Brazzaville. Patients and Methods: A retrospective, descriptive and analytical study was carried out at the Brazzaville Hospital and University Center between January 2015 and December 2016. Adolescents hospitalized in clinical services whose records were workable were included. The Epidemiological, clinical and evolutionary variables were analyzed. The statistical test used was the khi-two, the significance level set at 0.05. Results: In total, Out of 67,488 hospitalized patients, 2062 were adolescents: 3% including 891 (43.2%) boys and 1171 (56.8%) girls mean age 14.8 ± 2.92 years, seen in average 9.38 days after the onset of symptoms. Childbirth 415 (20.1%), malaria 309 cases (14.9%), major sickle cell crisis 223 (10.8%) and traumatic injuries 166 cases (8.05%) are the main causes of morbidity. One death was recorded in n = 193 (9.4%), of which n = 104 (5.0%) in the first 48. Tumors, malaria and status epilepticus are the lead

关键词： Adolescents Morbidity Mortality Brazzaville University Hospital

Severe Childhood Malaria in Two Health Districts of Cuvette-Congo

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第3期12卷 582-593页

作者： moyen Engoba Prudencia Joachinelle Malouono Moukassa Géril Sekangue Obili Lynda Tchidjo Ngamo georges Marius moyen Jean-Louis Nkoua Faculty of Health Sciences University Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville Congo Department of Intensive Care Pediatrics University Hospital of Brazzaville Congo

Introduction: Malaria is a public health problem. Severe forms of malaria are linked to high mortality. Objective: To establish the cartography of severe malaria in two health districts in Cuvette-Congo. Methodology: An analytical and cross-sectional study was conducted from January to September 2019 in two health districts of Cuvette-Congo. Children aged three months to 17 years diagnosed with severe malaria were included. The epidemiological, clinical and paraclinical variables were analyzed. The statistical tests used were Pearson’s chi2 and the corrected Yates test. Results: Out of 806 children hospitalized, 277 had severe malaria (34.4%). There were 144 boys and 133 girls, an average of 60.9 months old. Anemia n = 247 (89.2%), repeated seizures n = 66 (23.8%), were the signs of severity observed. The clinical forms were isolated (n = 237) in 85.6% and associated (n = 40) in 14.4%, including 210 (88.6%) anemic form and 27 (11.4%) neurological form. The death occurred in seven cases (2.5%). The predictors of death were coma, jaundice, hypoglycemia, thrombocytopenia, hepatomegaly, undernutrition, dehydration and delayed consultation. Conclusion: The large number of cases of severe malaria in Cuvette, often in children under five years old, requires that the national program for control of malaria be strengthened by insisting on a wide distribution of long-lasting insecticide-treated mosquito nets.

关键词： Severe Malaria Child Cuvette-Congo

Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Severe Childhood Malaria at the University Hospital of Brazzaville

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第2期11卷 301-312页

作者： moyen Engoba Arquevia Nature Ofamalekou Gnakingue Ben Borgea Nianga Carel Ervane Goma Armel Landry Batchi-Bouyou Annie Rachelle Okoko georges Marius moyen Faculty of Health Sciences Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Congo Pediatric Intensive Care Service University Hospital of Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo Program and Project Coordination Unit Ministry of Health and Population Brazzaville Congo

Introduction: Malaria management has been a source of concern for health systems since the advent of the Covid-19 pandemic. Objective: To assess the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on severe childhood malaria in Brazzaville. Material and Method: A quasi-experimental intervention/non-intervention study was carried out between March and October 2020 in the pediatric departments of the Brazzaville University Hospital. Children aged three months to 15 years hospitalized were the target population. Two groups were formed: the “intervention” group, that of children hospitalized between March and October 2020 and the “control” group that of those hospitalized between January and August 2015. The study variables were epidemiological, clinical, biological and therapeutic. Chi-square and T-Student tests were used. The impact of the intervention was assessed by the absolute risk difference. Results: Of 1392 children hospitalized, 199 (14.6%) had severe malaria with an average age of 6.94 years. These were children under 5 years old n = 95 (47.7%) of low socioeconomic level n = 145 (72.9%) seen on average after 4.6 +/? 2.4 days. Repeated convuls

关键词： Impact Covid-19 Severe Malaria Children Brazzaville

Child Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Pediatrics Intensive Care Unit at University Hospital of Brazzaville (Congo)

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2018年第1期8卷 32-41页

作者： Engoba moyen Judicael Kambourou Annie Rachelle Okoko Lori Bertrand Nguelongo Verlem Bomelefa-Bomel Kadidja Grace Nkounkou georges moyen Jean-Louis Nkoua Faculty of Health Sciences Marien Ngouabi University of BrazzavilleBrazzavilleCongo Pediatric Intensive Cares Unit University Hospital of BrazzavilleBrazzavilleCongo

In order to contribute to reduction of morbidity and mortality due to low acute respiratory infections in pediatrics, the objective of this study was to determine the epidemiological profile and to identify the factors favoring and those associated with the risk of deceased. We reviewed the cases of children aged between 1 and 59 months hospitalized between January and December 2015 in the pediatric intensive care unit of the CHU of Brazzaville and retained those whose diagnosis of discharge was an ALRI. The study variables were: epidemiological, clinical, paraclinic, diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutionary. For 2012 hospitalized children, 400 (19.8%) were hospitalized for an ALRI. There were 235 boys (58.8%) and 165 girls (41.2%) of average age. Infants aged 1 to 11 months were the most affected n = 260 (65%). They were insufficiently immunized with haemophilus influenza B and pneumococcus n = 378 (94.5%);Fully immunized n = 20 (5%), the average delay for consultation after the first symptom was 5.03 ± 3.86 days;Denutrition was rated n = 180 (45%), positive retroviral serology n = 19 cases (4.8%). The main nosological varieties were: bronchiolitis n = 223 (55.7%), pneumonia n = 145 (36.2%). One death was rated n = 65 (16.3%). The mortality determinants were: prematurity, vaccination status and HIV/AIDS infection. The frequency and severity of ALRIs necessitates a strengthened program of integrated management of childhood illnesses, and public health actions targeting the factors that promote and contribute to the risk of death.

关键词： Acute Respiratory Infections Child Brazzaville Bronchiolitis

Psychological Experience of Children and Adolescents with Homozygous Sickle Cell Disease in Brazzaville

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第1期11卷 35-49页

作者： Engoba moyen Ghislain Armel Mpandzou Matimé Julianna Déborah Boukoulou Josué Euberma Diatewa Armel Landry Batchi-Bouyou Paul Macaire Ossou-Nguiét georges moyen Université Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville Congo Service de Soins Intensifs Pédiatriques CHU de Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo Service de Neurologie CHU de Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo

Introduction: Sickle cell disease, the most frequent hemoglobinopathy, is one of many causes of psychological repercussions. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of psychological disorders in children/adolescents living with sickle cell disease and to identify the associated factors. Patients and Method: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted from June to September 2019 at the national sickle cell center and at the mother-child consultation of the University Hospital of Brazzaville. Children/adolescents aged six to 19 years old followed for sickle cell disease were included. Psychological disorders were assessed using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders “DSM-5” which assesses depression and anxiety disorders, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire which assesses representations of chronic diseases. SPSS 20.0 software was used for statistical analysis.

Prospective Study of Domestic Accidents of the Child in Brazzaville, Congo

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2020年第1期10卷 175-184页

作者： Kambourou Judicael moyen-Engoba Oko Aymar Pierre Gildas Lombet Leticia1] Diall Boubakar1] Massamba Alphonse1] moyen georges Pediatric Intensive Care Unit University Hospital of BrazzavilleBrazzavilleCongo 2Department of MedicineFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity Marien NGOUABIBrazzavilleCongo 3Sport BiosciencesDigital AnalysisComputer Science and Applications LaboratoryUniversity Marien NGOUABIBrazzavilleCongo

Background:?Home related accidents have emerged as an important public health issue in pediatrics. However, very few studies have been conducted in sub-saharan countries on domestic accidents among children. The purpose of this study was to determine the hospital frequency of domestic accidents in Brazzaville children, the type of accident, establish etiological factors and mortality.?Methods:?A total of 173 cases of domestic accidents were collected through a prospective study conducted from 1 January to 31 December 2017 in the pediatric intensive care unit of the University Hospital of Brazzaville. Medical records of children victims of unintentional trauma at home or in its immediate surroundings were collected. The following variables were recorded: the age and sex of the child, the hour, day and month of occurrence of the accident, parental attitudes in the management, and the prognosis (mortality).?Results:?Domestic accidents accounted for 9.2% of all admissions. The average age was 28.8 ± 10.5 months, a male predominance was noted (sex ratio equal to 1.6). Domestic accidents were found in 57.5% of children under two years (p??0.05). These children belong with more than 3 children in 63% of the cases. Accidents were dominated by ingestions (56.1% of cases), followed by falls (16.2%), burns (10.9%) and drug poisoning (9.2%). They often occurred between 12?pm and 8?pm, most often in the yard, the kitchen and the surroundings of the home. Three cases of death (1.53%) were enrolled including 2 cases of burns.?Conclusion:?domestic accidents are common in Brazzaville but their frequency is underestimated. Accidental ingestion remains the most frequent type of accident and mortality is high. Control of the causative factors is necessary to undertake effective preventive actions.

关键词： Domestic Accidents Burn Fall Child Intoxication

Excessive Alcohol Intake and Cigarette Smoking among Black Schoolchildren in a Central African City (Brazzaville, Congo)

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2017年第1期7卷 18-25页

作者： Annie Rachel Okoko Gaston Ekouya Bowassa Bertrand Fikahem Ellenga Mbolla moyen Engoba Paul Ossou-Nguiet Suzy-Gisèle Kimbally-Kaky georges Marius moyen Department of Doctoral Studies Faculty of Health Sciences Marien Ngouabi University of Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo

Objective: To determine the prevalence of excessive alcohol intake (EAI) and cigarette smoking (CS) in schoolchildren of Brazzaville. Methods: This cross sectional survey included a representative population of schoolchildren in Brazzaville (603 schoolchildren divided 325 girls and 278 boys). Results: The prevalence of EAI was 9% (n = 54). The mean age of EAI children was 16.2 ± 1.3 years (range: 13 - 18 years) vs 11.4 ± 3.4 years (range: 5 - 18 years) for no EAI children (p Conclusion: Low social level, siblings, addictions in parents were correlate addictions in schoolchildren. It is necessary to prevent the acute and futures complications of this addiction in our children.

关键词： Smoking Alcohol Child School Sub-Saharan Africa