检索结果-南通市图书馆

Three-dimensional artificial transpiration for efficient solar waste-water treatment

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

National Science Review 2018年第1期5卷 70-77页

作者： Xiuqiang Li Renxing Lin george ni ning Xu Xiaozhen Hu Bin Zhu Guangxin Lv Jinlei Li Shining Zhu Jia Zhu National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures College of Engineering and Applied SciencesSchool of Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing University Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Solar steam generation is emerging as promising solar-energy conversion technology for potential applications in desalination, sterilization and chemical purification. Despite the recent use of photon management and thermal insulation, achieving optimum solar steam efficiency requires simultaneous minimization of radiation, convection and conduction losses without compromising light *** by the natural transpiration process in plants, here we report a 3 D artificial transpiration device with all three components of heat loss and angular dependence of light absorption minimized, which enables over 85% solar steam efficiency under one sun without external optical or thermal management. It is also demonstrated that this artificial transpiration device can provide a complementary path for waste-water treatment with a minimal carbon footprint, recycling valuable heavy metals and producing purified water directly from waste water contaminated with heavy metal ions.

关键词： graphene solar vapor heatloss waste water heavy-metal ions water purification

Metal affinities in single and multiple ion adsorption reaction at sulfide mineral surfaces

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Environmental Sciences 1989年第1期1卷 15-30页

作者： george w.Bailey Alan T.Lynch Environmental Research Laboratory Office of Research and Development U.S. EPA Athens Georgia 30613 U.S.A.Technology Applications Inc. Athens Georgia 30613 U.S.A.

Sulfide minerals are found in porous media in both aerobic and anaerobic environments, they should have a high affinities for certain metals. The relative binding affinities and reaction processes for 10 metal/metalloid ions reacting with four sulfide mineral surfaces has been *** order of reactivity is chalcocite > pyrite > galena >> sphalerite. For any particular metal and mineral, the greater reactivity occurs in the single-ion metal system except Ag(I) on pyrite and Cu(II) on *** precipitation and adsorption reaction can decrease metal ion mobility on porous media, the order of metal mobility in the presence of the four sulfide minerals is predicted to be: Zn(II), Cd(II) and ni(II) - mobile; Cu(II), Pb(II), Fe(III), As(III) and Cr(III) - variable mobility and Ag(I) - ***1 predictions on metal phase distribution / partitioning compared quite well with those observed experimentally. Solubility product considerations, intrinsic acidity constant of the mineral, EH, pH and the carbonate equilibrium are major factors controlling the phase distribution of metals reacting singularly or in combination with sulfide mineral surfaces.

关键词： metal affinities sulfide mineral adsorption MINTEQA1 model reduction.

Transformation of PGM in supra subduction zones: Geochemical and mineralogical constraints from the Veria (Greece) podiform chromitites

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第2期12卷 827-842页

作者： george Tsoupas Maria Economou-Eliopoulos Department of Economic Geology Geochemistry Faculty of Geology and GeoenvironmentNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensPetropolisGR-15784AthensGreece

Extremely abundant PGE-minerals(PGM)hosted in chromitites from the Veria ophiolite complex in Macedonia(***)may be unique among ophiolite *** study focuses on differences between the low-and high-PGE *** textural,mineralogical and geochemical constraints from those ores are presented,aiming to define factors controlling the PGE enrichment in a supra subduction environment,in the light of postmagmatic *** whole ore analyses for mmajor and trace elements indicated an unusually high-IPGE content(up to 25 ppm)and higher Fe,Ca,Mn,Zn and V contents in high-PGE compared to low-PGE in massive *** wide compositional variation of chromite,even in the same polished section,the occurrence of very fine PGM(less than 20μm)as inclusions within chromite and extremely large(>1000μm),angular or fine-grained PGM aggregates ones within a matrix of highly fragmented chromite-Cr-garnet matrix,may indicate crystallization/recrystallization of chromite from more than one precursor ***(RuS2)is very limited,occurring as remnants surrounding by Ru–Os–Ir oxides/hydroxides,of a wide compositional *** occurs as euhedral crystals up to 200μm,surrounding by chromite,as anhedral exsolutions 1–200μm within laurite,or creating segregates with platarsite and relics of(Ru,Pt,Rh,Os)***–Ru–Rh–Pd-minerals occur commonly as relatively fine-grained assemblages,up to 50μm,along with irarsite and other relics of(Ru,Pt,Rh,Os)***-alloys show a variation ranging from tetraferroplatinum to Pt–Ir–Fe–ni *** presence of laurite relics in large IPGM,awaruite,heazlewoodite,and carbon-bearing material reflecting a super-reducing environment,and the transformation of primary PGM into Os–Ir–Ru-alloys and oxides/hydroxides in association with Fe-chromite and Fe3t-bearing garnet(andradite-uvarovite solidsolution series)may reflect changes of the redox conditions from reducing to *** relatively high N

关键词： Platinum-group minerals Chromite Inclusions P-T-conditions Veria

Tailoring grain growth and solid solution strengthening of single-phase CrConi medium-entropy alloys by solute selection

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第19期54卷 196-205页

作者： G.w.Hu L.C.Zeng H.Du X.w.Liu Y.wu P.Gong Z.T.Fan Q.Hu E.P.george Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Equipment and Control Technology Ministry of EducationWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China Hubei Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission and Manufacturing Engineering Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mould Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Institute of Applied Physics Jiangxi Academy of SciencesNanchang 330029China Oak Ridge National Laboratory Materials Science and Technology DivisionOak RidgeTN37831USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN37996USA

In the present study,we selected solutes to be added to the Cr Co ni medium-entropy alloy(MEA)based on the mismatch of self-diffusion activation energy(SDQ)between the alloying elements and constituent elements of the matrix,and then investigated their grain growth behavior and mechanical *** and Al were selected as the solutes for investigation primarily because they have higher and lower SDQ,respectively,than those of the matrix elements;a secondary factor was their higher and lower shear *** concentrations were fixed at 3 at.%each because previous work had shown these compositions to be single-phase solid solutions with the face-centered cubic *** alloys were produced by arc melting,casting,homogenizing,cold rolling and annealing at various temperatures and times to produce samples with different grain *** were(a)the base alloy Cr Co ni,(b)the base alloy plus 3 at.%Mo,and(c)the base alloy plus 3 at.%*** activation energies for grain growth of the Cr Co ni,Cr Co ni-3Mo and CrCo ni-3Al MEAs were found to be^251,~368 and^219 k J/mol,respectively,consistent with the notion that elements with higher SDQ(in this study Mo)retard grain growth(likely by a solute-drag effect),whereas those with lower values(Al)accelerate grain *** roomtemperature tensile properties show that Mo increases the yield strength by^40%but Al addition has a smaller strengthening effect consistent with their relative shear *** yield strength as a function of grain size for the three single-phase MEAs follows the classical Hall-Petch relationship with much higher slopes(>600 MPaμm-0.5)than traditional solid *** work shows that the grain growth kinetics and solid solution strengthening of the Cr Co ni MEA can be tuned by selecting solute elements that have appropriate diffusion and physical properties.

关键词： Medium and high entropy alloys Solute-drag effect Microstructure Grain growth kinetics Solid solution strengthening

A new model to describe composition and temperature dependence of thermal conductivity for solution phases in binary alloys

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第24期59卷 72-82页

作者： Shiyi wen Yuling Liu george Kaptay Yong Du State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South UniversityChangsha410083China University of Miskolc MiskolcEgyetemvaros3515Hungary

Modelling temperature-and composition-dependent thermal conductivity in alloys is challengeable and is seldom studied *** the present work,a new model is developed to describe the temperature and concentration dependence of thermal conductivity for binary *** this new model,firstly thermal conductivity of pure metals was modelled as the function of temperature for each phase and each magnetic state by the corresponding physically sound ***,in order to describe the composition and temperature dependence of thermal conductivity for solid phases,the combination of the theories of Nordheim and Mott for electric conductivity of alloys with the wiedemann-Franz law was ***,the reliability of the new model was verified by presently measured thermal conductivities for pure Co,ni and Co-ni alloys at 300,600,900 and 1100 K as well as for binary Al-Zn,Mg-Zn and U-Zr systems using the data taken from the *** calculated thermal conductivities can well reproduce the measured ones in one-phase regions of a series of Co-ni *** thermal conductivity in a two-phase region of the Co-ni system is reasonably predicted as *** is demonstrated that the new model can be utilized to evaluate the thermal conductivity over the whole investigated composition and temperature ranges for the first time and is expected to be extended to ternary and multicomponent systems by CALPHAD method,which contributes significantly to the development of computational design of materials.

关键词： Thermal conductivity Co-ni alloys CALPHAD method Measurement Modelling

Differential involvement of wnt signaling in Bmp regulation of cancellous versus periosteal bone growth

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Bone Research 2017年第3期5卷 217-227页

作者： Guangxu He Yu Shi Joohyun Lim Teresita Bellido Jiangdong ni Fanxin Long Department of Orthopedics The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Washington University School of Medicine Department of Molecular and Human Genetics Baylor College of Medicine Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology Indiana University School of Medicine Department of Developmental Biology Washington University School of Medicine

Bone morphogenetic proteins （Bmp） are well-known to induce bone formation following chondrogenesis, but the direct role of Bmp signaling in the osteoblast lineage is not completely understood. we have recently shown that deletion of the receptor Bmprla in the osteoblast lineage with Dmpl-Cre reduces osteoblast activity in general but stimulates proliferation of preosteoblasts specifically in the cancellous bone region, resulting in diminished periosteal bone growth juxtaposed with excessive cancellous bone formation. Because expression of sclerostin （SOST）, a secreted wnt antagonist, is notably reduced in the Bmprla- deficient osteocytes, we have genetically tested the hypothesis that increased wnt signaling might mediate the increase in cancellous bone formation in response to Bmprla deletion. Forced expression of human SOST from a Dmpl promoter fragment partially rescues preosteoblast hyperproliferation and cancellous bone overgrowth in the Bmprla mutant mice, demonstrating functional interaction between Bmp and wnt signaling in the cancellous bone compat^a-tent. To test whether increased wnt signaling can compensate for the defect in periosteal growth caused by Bmprla deletion, we have generated compound mutants harboring a hyperactive mutation （A214V） in the wnt receptor Lrp5. However, the mutant Lrp5 does not restore periosteal bone growth in the Bmprla-deficient mice. Thus, Bmp signaling restricts cancellous bone accrual partly through induction of SOST that limits preosteoblast proliferation, but promotes periosteal bone growth apparently independently of wnt activation.

关键词： Figure Differential involvement of wnt signaling in Bmp regulation of cancellous versus periosteal bone growth wnt

Efficient generation of functional hepatocytelike cells from mouse liver progenitor cells via indirect co-culture with immortalized human hepatic stellate cells

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2016年第2期15卷 173-179页

作者： Xiao-Ping Pan Yi-ni wang Xiao-Peng Yu Chun-Xia Zhu Jian-Zhou Li wei-Bo Du Yi-Min Zhang Hong-Cui Cao Yan-Hong Zhang Dan-Hua Zhu george C Yeoh Lan-Juan Li Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine College of Basic Medical Sciences Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Crawley University of Western Australia

BACKGROUND： Differentiation of liver progenitor cells（LPCs） to functional hepatocytes holds great potential to develop new strategies for hepatocyte transplantation and the screening of drug-induced cytotoxicity. However, reports on the efficient and convenient hepatic differentiation of LPCs to hepatocytes are few. The present study aims to investigate the possibility of generating functional hepatocytes from LPCs in an indirect co-culture ***： Mouse LPCs were co-cultured in Transwell plates with an immortalized human hepatic stellate cell line（HSCLi） we previously established. The morphology, expression of hepatic markers, and functions of mouse LPC-derived cells were monitored and compared with those of conventionally cultured LPCs. RESULTS： Co-culturing with HSC-Li cells induced differentiation of mouse LPCs into functional hepatocyte-like cells. The differentiated cells were morphologically transformed into hepatocyte-like cells 3 days after co-culture initiation. In addition, the differentiated cells expressed liver-specific genes and possessed hepatic functions, including glycogen storage, lowdensity lipoprotein uptake, albumin secretion, urea synthesis, and cytochrome P450 1A2 enzymatic ***： Our method, which employs indirect co-culture with HSC-Li cells, can efficiently induce the differentiation of LPCs into functional hepatocytes. This finding suggests that this co-culture system can be a useful method for the efficient generation of functional hepatocytes from LPCs.

关键词： liver progenitor cells indirect co-culture cell differentiation hepatocytes immortalized human hepatic stellate cells

Point-of-care testing in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal cancers: Current technology and future directions

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

world Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第14期21卷 4111-4120页

作者： Jeremy R Huddy Melody Z ni Sheraz R Markar george B Hanna Department of Surgery and Cancer Imperial College LondonSt Mary’s Hospital

Point-of-care(POC) tests enable rapid results and are well established in medical *** advances in analytical techniques have led to a new generation of POC devices that will alter gastrointestinal diagnostic *** review aims to identify current and newtechnologies for the POC diagnosis of gastrointestinal cancer.A structured search of the Embase and Medline databases was *** reporting diagnostic tests for gastrointestinal cancer available as a POC device or containing a description of feasibility for POC application were *** recovered were heterogeneous and therefore results are presented as a narrative *** diagnostic methods were identified(fecal occult blood, fecal proteins, volatile organic compounds, pyruvate kinase isoenzyme type M2, tumour markers and DNA analysis).Fecal occult blood testing has a reported sensitivity of 66%-85% and specificity greater than 95%.The others are at a range of development and clinical *** devices have a proven role in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal *** to their implementation exist and the transition from experimental to clinical medicine is currently *** technologies demonstrate potential to provide accurate POC tests and an ability to diagnose gastrointestinal cancer at an early stage with improved clinical outcome and survival.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Cancer-diagnosis Gastric cancer

Data-driven Bayesian model-based prediction of fatigue crack nucleation in ni-based superalloys

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 354-368页

作者： Maxwell Pinz george weber Jean Charles Stinville Tresa Pollock Somnath Ghosh Civil&Systems Engineering Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD21218USA Materials Department University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCA93106USA Departments of Civil&Systems Engineering Mechanical Engineeringand Materials Science&EngineeringJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD21218USA

This paper develops a Bayesian inference-based probabilistic crack nucleation model for the ni-based superalloy René88DT under fatigue loading.A data-driven,machine learning approach is developed,identifying underlying mechanisms driving crack *** experimental set of fatigue-loaded microstructures is characterized near crack nucleation sites using scanning electron microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction images for correlating the grain morphology and crystallography to the location of crack nucleation sites.A concurrent multiscale model,embedding experimental polycrystalline microstructural representative volume elements(RVEs)in a homogenized material,is developed for fatigue *** RVE domain is modeled by a crystal plasticity finite element *** anisotropic continuum plasticity model,obtained by homogenization of the crystal plasticity model,is used for the exterior domain.A Bayesian classification method is introduced to optimally select informative state variable predictors of crack *** this principal set of state variables,a simple scalar crack nucleation indicator is formulated.

关键词： crack fatigue superalloy