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Early onset of a microcystin-producing cyanobacterial bloom in an agriculturally-influenced Great Lakes tributary

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2018年第4期36卷 1112-1125页

作者： Robert Michael L.McKAY Taylor TUTTLE Laura A.REITZ george S.BULLERJAHN william R.CODY Adam J.McDOWELL Timothy W.DAVIS Department of Biological Sciences Bowling Green State University Bowling Green OH 43403 USA Aquatic Taxonomy Specialists Malinta OH 43535 USA City of Defiance Water Division Defiance OH 43512 USA NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory Ann Arbor MI USA

In late May 2016, a cyanobacterial harmful algal bloom(cHAB) was detected in the Maumee River, the largest tributary to Lake Erie, the southernmost lake of the Laurentian Great Lakes system. Testing on 31 May identified Planktothrix agardhii as the dominant cyanobacterium with cell abundance exceeding 1.7×10~9 cells/L and total microcystins(MC) reaching 19 μg/L MC-LR equivalents, a level over 10-fold higher than the 2015 revised U.S. Environmental Protection Agency(EPA) national health advisory levels for drinking water exposure to adults. Low river discharge coincident with negligible precipitation through the latter half of May coincided with an 80% decline in river turbidity that likely favored bloom formation by a low-light adapted P. agardhii population. Also contributing to the c HAB were high initial nutrient loads and an increase of the river temperature from 13℃ to 26℃ over this same period. The bloom persisted through 5 June with microcystins exceeding 22 μg/L MC-LR equivalents at the bloom peak. By 6 June, the river had returned to its muddy character following a rain event and sampling on 7 June detected only low levels of toxin(iver and an unique attribute of the c HAB was the high proportion of potentially-toxic genotypes. Whereas Planktothrix spp. is common in lotic environments, and has been previously detected in the Maumee, blooms are not commonly reported. This early onset, microcystin-producing c HAB provided a rare opportunity to glean insights into environmental factors that promote bloom development and dominance by Planktothrix in lotic environments.

关键词：伊利湖蓝藻生态系统生物学

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Relation between Early CT Signs and Ischaemic Core Size on DWI MR in Stroke Patients at the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University

Relation between Early CT Signs and Ischaemic Core Size on D...

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作者： george william Stanley 大连医科大学

学位级别：硕士

背景与目的:在全球范围内,脑卒中是成年人致死的第三大死因,也是最常见的致残原因。因此,脑卒中给患者家庭、社会及政府带来了沉重的经济负担,并在世界大多数国家、尤其是发达国家的卫生预算中占据了很大一部分。脑卒中最常见的类型是... 详细信息

背景与目的:在全球范围内,脑卒中是成年人致死的第三大死因,也是最常见的致残原因。因此,脑卒中给患者家庭、社会及政府带来了沉重的经济负担,并在世界大多数国家、尤其是发达国家的卫生预算中占据了很大一部分。脑卒中最常见的类型是缺血性脑卒中,其中大脑中动脉(MCA)受累是最为严重的。阿尔伯塔脑卒中计划早期诊断项目评分(ASPECTS)是一个描述大脑中动脉(MCA)梗死区域梗死程度的一种具有可靠性、一致性和可重复性的半定量方法。缺血中心区面积为影像学最早测量到的脑实质不可逆缺血损伤的指标。本研究主要目的是使用回顾性地分析方法判断早期缺血性脑卒中ASPECTS法非对比增强CT征象(NCCT/NECT)和磁共振弥散加权成像(DWI)间的关系。非对比增强CT(或CT平扫)是急性脑卒中的首选检查方法,扫描方便,禁忌症少,同时较MRI检查更为廉价、快速。因此,非对比增强CT的ASPECTS评分法将有可能是判断脑卒中患者病变程度和预后的一种快速、可靠、全天候的工具。此外,DWI在大部分的三级医疗机构已经得到了广泛的应用。但是,在没有先进的影像设备和(或)后处理软件(如:灌注成像等)的地区,非对比增强CT的ASPECTS评分将有可能有助于脑卒中患者的治疗、护理方案的制定。方法:本次实验回顾性地研究了2015年大连医科大学附属第二医院内同时进行了非对比增强ct和磁共振弥散加权成像检查的缺血性脑卒中患者24例。实验对象为首次发病的mca供血区缺血性脑卒中(包括大脑半球卒中)患者,在发病的12小时内进行非对比ct评估(ncct)并在发病后1-5天内进行磁共振弥散加权成像(dwimri),随访过程中包括磁共振血管造影(mra)图像。患者的排除标准包括:出血性脑卒中、腔隙性梗死和持续性的血管狭窄或闭塞。24例患者进行非对比增强ct扫描和磁共振弥散加权成像检查,并分别对缺血中心区平均周长进行测量。以磁共振弥散加权成像中作为识别脑梗死区的影像学参考点与金标准。使用spss23.0统计学软件对患者年龄、非对比增强ct以及dwi的aspects评分、缺血中心平均周长、非对比增强ctaspects评分的敏感性、aspects评分≤7组与>7组之间梗死区周长、非对比增强ctaspects评分与dwi缺血灶周长的相关性进行统计学分析,p7组梗死中心周长间存在统计学差异;而在非对比增强CT ASPECTS评分与和DWI ASPECTS评分间不在统计学差异。在急性MCA梗死患者中非对比增强CT ASPECTS评分与DWI中缺血中心周长之间尚不能认为存在相关性,因此,非对比增强CT ASPECTS评分并不能替代缺血中心面积在判断梗死程度及预后中的作用。在以后的实验中,我们将采用更大的样本量,采用不同CT的扫描方位进行ASPECTS评分,在DWI对平均周长的测量中考虑扫描间距,并且进行前瞻性的设计。

关键词：脑卒中 ASPECTS指数大脑中动脉供应区域强化,非增强CT 弥散加权成像缺血核心区

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Conserved peptides enhance immune efficiency of inactive vaccines against emerging avian influenza viruses in chicken

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2017年第12期60卷 1340-1347页

作者： Jin Xiao Lei Zhang Zhenbao Wang Wangzhen Xiang Ping Lu Yingze Zhao Min Han Airong Ma Peng Qi Ming Wang george F.Gao william J.Liu College of Veterinary Medicine China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Key Laboratory of Veterinary Bioproduction and Chemical Medicine of the Ministry of Agriculture Engineering and Technology ResearchCenter for Beijing Veterinary Peptide Vaccine Design and PreparationZhongmu Institutes of China Animal Husbandry Industry Co.LtdBeijing 100095China China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center Qingdao 266032China National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 100052China CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Avian influenza viruses(Aivs) such as H5N1 and H7N9 are a great threat to poultry economics and public health. Vaccination can effectively inhibit the spread of Aiv in poultry, which is also a viable strategy for controlling virus transmission from poultry to human. Adjuvants that are commonly used in current inactivated vaccines to provide stronger anti-Aiv immune responses are often limited in their capacity to quantitatively induce both humoral and cellular immune responses. Herein, we assessed the levels of immune responses generated by a vaccine formulation comprising inactivated H5N1 antigen and synthetic peptides covering conserved CD4^+, CD8^+ T cell, and B cell epitopes. We found that the synthetic peptides enhanced the antibody responses against conserved influenza virus antigen M2 e. Notably, the hemagglutination inhibition test results indicated that the peptides significantly augmented the antibody responses of inactivated H5N1 antigen even in the 1/10 or 1/5 dose group, in the identical antibody level as antigen alone used at the full dose. This indicates that the peptide can significantly reduce the use of inactivated virus, lowering the cost of the vaccine. Moreover, the peptides increased the transcript levels of interleukin-4 and interferon-γcytokines in chicken peripheral blood mononuclear cells, which may facilitate both humoral and cellular immune responses. Our data suggest that this peptide combined with inactivated H5N1 antigen enhances both the humoral and cellular immune responses,which may benefit the prediction and design of synthetic peptide-based adjuvants for vaccines in chicken.

关键词： H5N1 H7N9 Avian influenza virus peptides adjuvant vaccine

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Spatial-temporal heterogeneity and determinants of Hiv prevalence in the Mano River Union countries

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第6期11卷 96-96页

作者： Idrissa Laybohr Kamara Liang Wang Yaxin Guo Shuting Huo Yuanyuan Guo Chengdong Xu Yilan Liao william J.Liu Wei Ma george F.Gao Department of Epidemiology School of Public HealthCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan 250012China NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China 不详

Background:Utilizing population-based survey data in epidemiological research with a spatial perspective can integrate valuable context into the dynamics of Hiv prevalence in West ***,the situation in the Mano River Union(MRU)countries is largely *** research aims to perform an ecological study to determine the Hiv prevalence patterns in ***:We analyzed Demographic and Health Survey(DHS)and AIDS Indicator Survey(AIS)data on Hiv prevalence in MRU from 2005 to *** examined the country-specifc,regional-specifc and sex-specifc ratios of respondents to profle the spatial–temporal heterogeneity of Hiv prevalence and determine Hiv hot *** employed Geodetector to measure the spatial stratifed heterogeneity(SSH)of Hiv prevalence for adult women and *** assessed the comprehensive correct knowledge(CCK)about Hiv/AIDS and Hiv testing uptake by employing the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator(LASSO)regression to predict which combinations of CCKs can scale up the ratio of Hiv testing uptake with sex-specifc ***:In our analysis,we leveraged data for 158,408 respondents from 11 surveys in the *** 2005–2015,Cote d’ivoire was the hot spot for Hiv prevalence with a Gi_Bin score of 3,Z-Score 8.0–10.1 and Piv prevalence with a Gi_Bin score of 2,Z-Score of 3.17 and Piv prevalence at the national level strata,with a higher level for Cote d’ivoire compared to other countries in both sexes with q-values of 0.61 and 0.40,*** LASSO model predicted diferent combinations of CCKs with sex-specifc needs to improve Hiv testing ***:The spatial distribution of Hiv prevalence in the MRU is skewed and the CCK about Hiv/AIDS and Hiv testing uptake are far below the threshold target set by UNAIDS for ending the epidemic in the *** detected statistically signifcant SSH w

关键词： Spatial distribution of Hiv prevalence Geodetector Spatial stratifed heterogeneity Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator Comprehensive correct knowledge Machine learning Africa

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Pancreatic cancer: Advances in treatment

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第28期20卷 9354-9360页

作者： Somala Mohammed george Van Buren Ⅱ william E Fisher The Elkins Pancreas Center Michael E DeBakey Department of Surgeryand Dan L Duncan Cancer CenterBaylor College of Medicine

Pancreatic cancer is a leading cause of cancer mortality and the incidence of this disease is expected to continue *** patients with pancreatic cancer have traditionally faced a dismal prognosis,over the past several years various advances in diagnosis and treatment have begun to positively impact this *** of effective combinations of existing chemotherapeutic agents,such as the FOLFIRINOX and the gemcitabine+nab-paclitaxel regimen,has improved survival for selected patients although concerns regarding their toxicity profiles remain.A better understanding of pancreatic carcinogenesis has identified several pre-malignant precursor lesions,such as pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias,intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms,and cystic *** technology has also evolved dramatically so as to allow early detection of these lesions and thereby facilitate earlier *** remains a cornerstone of treatment for patients with resectable pancreatic tumors,and advances in surgical technique have allowed patients to undergo resection with decreasing perioperative morbidity and *** has also become feasible in selected patients with borderline resectable tumors as a result of neoadjuvant ***,pancreatectomy involving vascular reconstruction and pancreatectomy with minimally invasive techniques have demonstrated safety without significantly compromising oncologic ***,a deeper understanding of molecular aberrations contributing to the development of pancreatic cancer shows promise for future development of more targeted and safe therapeutic agents.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Pancreaticoduodenectomy Treatmen

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Avian influenza viruses suppress innate immunity by inducingtrans-transcriptional readthrough via SSU72

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第6期19卷 702-714页

作者： Yan Zhao Fengming Huang Zhen Zou Yuhai Bi Yang Yang Cong Zhang Qiang Liu Daozhen Shang Yiwu Yan Xiangwu Ju Song Mei Peng Xie Xiao Li Mingyao Tian Shuguang Tan Huijun Lu Zongsheng Han Kangtai Liu Yuqing Zhang Junbo Liang Zhu Liang Qingchao Zhang Jiahui Chang william JLiu Cong Feng Tanshi Li Michael Q.Zhang Xiaoyue Wang george FGao Yingxia Liu Ningyi Jin Chengyu Jiang State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology Institute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical SciencesDepartment of BiochemistryPeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity State Key Discipline of Infectious DiseaseSecond Hospital Affiliated with Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen Third People’s HospitalShenzhenGuangdong 518112China CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyCenter for Influenza Research and Early-warning(CASCIRE)CAS-TWAS Center of Excellence for Emerging Infectious Diseases(CEEID)Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of Life Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui 230027China Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Genetic Engineering Laboratory Institute of Military VeterinaryAcademy of Military Medical SciencesChangchunJilin 130062China State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610000China State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology Department of Biochemistry and Center for BioinformaticsInstitute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical SciencesSchool of Basic MedicinePeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Centers for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China Department of Emergency General Hospital of the PLAHaidian DistrictBeijing 100853China Department of Biological Sciences and Center for Systems Biology The University of Texas at DallasRichardsonTXUSA

Innate immunity plays critical antiviral roles. The highly virulent avian influenza viruses (Aivs) H5N1, H7N9, and H5N6 can betterescape host innate immune responses than the less virulent seasonal H1N1 virus. Here, we report a mechanism by whichtranscriptional readthrough (TRT)-mediated suppression of innate immunity occurs post Aiv infection. By using cell lines, mouselungs, and patient PBMCs, we showed that genes on the complementary strand (“trans” genes) influenced by TRT were involved inthe disruption of host antiviral responses during Aiv infection. The trans-TRT enhanced viral lethality, and TRT abolishmentincreased cell viability and STAT1/2 expression. The viral NS1 protein directly bound to SSU72, and degradation of SSU72 inducedTRT. SSU72 overexpression reduced TRT and alleviated mouse lung injury. Our results suggest that Aivs infection induce TRT byreducing SSU72 expression, thereby impairing host immune responses, a molecular mechanism acting through the NS1-SSU72-trans-TRT-STAT1/2 axis. Thus, restoration of SSU72 expression might be a potential strategy for preventing Aiv pandemics.

关键词： Aiv infection TRT SSU72 NS1 Immune escape

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Improved lifestyle is associated with improved depression,anxiety and wellbeing over time in UK healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic:insights from the CoPE-HCP cohort study

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综合精神医学(英文) 2023年第1期36卷 19-27页

作者： Mohammed Y Khanji george Collett Thomas Godec Carmela Maniero Sher May Ng Imrana Siddiqui Jaya Gupta Vikas Kapil Ajay Gupta william Harvey Research Institute Queen Mary University of LondonLondonUK Department of Cardiology Barts Heart CentreSaint Bartholomew's HospitalBarts Health NHS TrustLondonUK Newham University Hospital Barts Health NHS TrustLondonUK Wellbeing Hub Newham Training HubLondonUK NHS North East London CCG LondonUK Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service South West London and St George's Mental Health NHS TrustLondonUK

Background One potential modifiable factor to improve the mental health of healthcare professionals(HCPs)during the pandemic is *** This study aimed to assess whether an improved lifestyle during the pandemic is associated with improved mental health symptoms and mental well-being in HCPs over *** This was a cohort study involving an online survey distributed at two separate time points during the pandemic(baseline(July–September 2020)and follow-up(December 2020–March 2021))to HCPs working in primary or secondary care in the *** surveys assessed for major depressive disorder(MDD)(Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9)),generalised anxiety disorder(GAD)(Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7(GAD-7)),mental well-being(Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Score(SWEMWBS))and self-reported lifestyle change(compared with the start of the pandemic)on multiple *** scores were calculated to estimate overall lifestyle change compared with that before the pandemic(at both baseline and follow-up).At each time point,separate logistic regression models were constructed to relate the lifestyle change score with the presence of MDD,GAD and low mental *** regression models were also developed relating the change in lifestyle scores from baseline to follow-up to changes in PHQ-9,GAD-7 and SWEMWBS *** 613 HCPs completed both baseline assessment and follow-up *** significant cross-sectional associations between increased lifestyle change scores and a reduced risk of MDD,GAD and low mental well-being were observed at both baseline and *** the study period,a whole unit increase in the change in novel scores(ie,improved overall lifestyle)over 4 months was inversely associated with changes in PHQ-9(adjusted coefficient:−0.51,95%confidence interval(CI):−0.73 to−0.30,pively associated with the change in SWEMWBS scores

关键词： Edinburgh lifestyle coefficient

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Genetic and Phylogenetic Characterization of a Chikungunya Virus Imported into Shenzhen, China

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Virologica Sinica 2020年第1期35卷 115-119页

作者： Yang Yang Zhixiang Xu Haixia Zheng Jingdong Song Ying Wu Zhou Tong Jing Yuan Gary Wong william J.Liu Yuhai Bi Yingxia Liu george F.Gao Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity Guangdong Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Emerging Infectious DiseasesState Key Discipline of Infectious DiseaseSecond Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen Third People’s HospitalShenzhen 518112China CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseaseInstitute of MicrobiologyCenter for Influenza Research and Earlywarning(CASCIRE)Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(China CDC)Beijing 102206China Institute of Medical Virology School of Basic Medical SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Institut Pasteur of Shanghai Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et d’Immunologie Universite′LavalQuebec G1V 0A6Canada University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Medical School Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China

Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus(CHIKV)is a mosquito-borne virus belonging to the family Togaviridae,genus Alphavirus,and was first isolated in Tanzania in the 1950s(Silva and Dermody 2017;Weaver and Lecuit 2015).Human infections with CHIKV typically result in a rapid-onset febrile disease,with symptoms that include fever,headache,rash,severe joint and muscle pain,as well as prolonged periods of disability in some patients(Weaver and Lecuit 2015;Silva and Dermody 2017).

关键词： Chi headache febrile

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Five Independent Cases of Human Infection with Avian Influenza H5N6—Sichuan Province,China,2021

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China CDC weekly 2021年第36期3卷 751-756,I0001页

作者： Chongkun Xiao Jianan Xu Yu Lan Zhongping Huang Lijun Zhou Yaxin Guo Xiyan Li Lei Yang george F.Gao Dayan Wang william J.Liu Xingyu Zhou Huiping Yang Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention ChengduSichuanChina NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina.

Summary What is known about this topic?The emerging H5Ny lineages of the avian influenza virus(Aiv)with genomic reassortments have posed a continuous threat to animals and human *** the first case of avian influenza A... 详细信息

关键词： H5N6 Independent Human

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Spontaneous type 1 pattern, ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death in Brugada Syndrome： an updated systematic review and meta-analysis

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2017年第10期14卷 639-643页

作者： Ahmed Bayoumy Meng-Qi GONG Ka Hou Christien Li Sunny Hei Wong william KK Wu Guang-Ping LI george Bazoukis Konstantinos P Letsas Wing Tak Wong Yun-Long XIA Tong LIU Gary Tse Department of Medicine and Therapeutics Faculty of Medicine Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences Faculty of Medicine Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Faculty of Medicine University of Amsterdam The Netherlands Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease Department of Cardiology Tianjin Institute of Cardiology Second Hospitalof Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China Faculty of Medicine Newcastle University United Kingdom Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Faculty of Medicine Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Second Department of Cardiology Evangelismos General Hospital of Athens Athens Greece School of Life Sciences Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Department of Cardiology First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian China

Brugada syndrome (BrS) is primary electrical disorder characterized by ST segment elevation with right bundle branch block morphology in patients with apparent structurally normal hearts. It predisposes affected individuals to ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation (VT/VF) and sudden cardiac death (SCD). A number of studies have identified risk factors that are associated with a more malignant course of disease. These include male gender, syncope, a spontaneous type 1 ECG pattern, family history of SCD,family history of Brugada syndrome, loss-of-function mutations in the SCN5a gene, inducible VT/VF during programmed electrical stimulation. Of these risk factors, many studies have demonstrated that the presence of a spontaneous type 1 pattern is associated with a significantly higher risk of VT/VF or SCD, but other studies have demonstrated a lack of significant predictive value.

关键词： Brugada 症候群冒险层化自发的类型 1 突然的心脏的死亡室的心律不齐

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