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A macro-transection model of brain trauma for neuromaterial testing with functional electrophysiological readouts

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第12期20卷 3539-3552页

作者： Jessica Wiseman Raja Haseeb Basit Akihiro Suto Sagnik Middya Bushra Kabiri Michael Evans Vinoj george Christopher Adams george Malliaras Divya Maitreyi Chari School of Medicine Keele UniversityNewcastle-under-LymeUK Sheffield Institute for translational Neuroscience University of SheffieldSheffieldUK Academic Department of Surgery Queen Elizabeth Hospital&University of BirminghamEdgbastonUK Guy Hilton Research Center School of Pharmacy&BioengineeringKeele UniversityNewcastle-under-LymeUK Electrical Engineering Division Department of EngineeringUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK School of Life Sciences Keele UniversityNewcastle-under-LymeUK

Functional recovery in penetrating neurological injury is hampered by a lack of clinical regenerative *** therapies show promise as medical materials for neural repair through immunomodulation,structural support,and delivery of therapeutic ***,a lack of facile and pathology-mimetic models for therapeutic testing is a bottleneck in neural tissue engineering *** have deployed a two-dimensional,high-density multicellular cortical brain sheet to develop a facile model of injury(macrotransection/scratch wound)in *** model encompasses the major neural cell types involved in pathological responses ***,we observed hallmark pathological responses in injury foci including cell scarring,immune cell infiltration,precursor cell migration,and shortrange axonal *** test magnetic particles to evaluate the potential of the model for biomaterial screening shows a high uptake of introduced magnetic particles by injury-activated immune cells,mimicking in vivo ***,we proved it is feasible to create reproducible traumatic injuries in the brain sheet(in multielectrode array devices in situ)characterized by focal loss of electrical spiking in injury sites,offering the potential for longer term,electrophysiology plus histology *** our knowledge,this is the first in vitro simulation of transecting injury in a two-dimensional multicellular cortical brain cell sheet,that allows for combined histological and electrophysiological readouts of damage/*** patho-mimicry and adaptability of this simplified model of brain injury could benefit the testing of biomaterial therapeutics in regenerative neurology,with the option for functional electrophysiological readouts.

关键词： in vitro modelling multielectrode array interfacing nanoparticles neuromaterials scratch assay transecting injury traumatic brain injury

Hsa-miR-214-3p inhibits breast cancer cell growth and improves the tumor immune microenvironment by downregulating B7H3

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Oncology Research 2025年第1期33卷 103-121页

作者： YAN LU KANG WANG YUANHONG PENG MENG CHEN LIN ZHONG LUJI HUANG FU CHENG XINDAN SHENG XIN YANG MANZHAO OUYANG george A.CALIN ZHIWEI HE China-America Cancer Research Institute Guangdong Medical UniversityDongguan523808China GCP Center Shunde HospitalSouthern Medical University(The First People’s Hospital of Shunde Foshan)Shunde528300China Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Shunde HospitalSouthern Medical University(The First People’s Hospital of Shunde Foshan)Shunde528300China the Second School of Clinical Medicine Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510080China Department of translational Molecular Pathology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Oncology Shunde HospitalSouthern Medical University(The First People’s Hospital of Shunde Foshan)Shunde528300China

Background:Immune checkpoint inhibitors play an important role in the treatment of solid tumors,but the currently used immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed cell death-1(PD-1),programmed cell death ligand-1(PD-L1),and cytotoxic t-lymphocyte antigen-4(CtLA-4)show limited clinical efficacy in many breast cancers.B7H3 has been widely reported as an immunosuppressive molecule,but its immunological function in breast cancer patients remains ***:We analyzed the expression of B7H3 in breast cancer samples using data from the Cancer Genome Atlas Program(tCGA)and the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)*** were selected using the tarBase,miRtarBase,and miRBase *** regulatory role of the microRNA hsa-miR-214-3p on B7H3 was investigated through dual-luciferase reporter assays,which identified the specific action sites of *** expression levels of B7H3 and hsa-miR-214-3p in human breast cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues were quantified using Western blotting and quantitative PCR(qPCR).In vitro experiments were performed to observe the effects of modulating the expression of B7H3 or hsa-miR-214-3p on breast cancer cell proliferation and ***,the regulatory impact of hsa-miR-214-3p on B7H3 was ***-linked immunosorbent assays(ELISA)and flow cytometry were employed to assess the effects of co-cultured breast cancer cells and normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)on immune cells and associated ***:In breast cancer tissues,the expression level of B7H3 is inversely correlated with that of hsa-miR-214-3p,as well as with the regulatory effects on breast cancercell ***-miR-214-3p was found to inhibit breast cancer cell growth by downregulating ***,our research identified,for the first time,two binding sites for hsa-miR-214-3p on the 3’UtR of B7H3,both of which exert similar effects ***-culture experiments revealed that hsamiR-214-3p

关键词： Breast cancer B7H3 Hsa-miR-214-3p Immunotherapy

Shuram-Wonoka carbon isotope excursion:Ediacaran revolution in the world ocean's meridional overturning circulation

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第2期9卷 391-402页

作者： george E.Williams Phillip W.schmidt Department of Earth Sciences University of Adelaide MagneticEarth

the late Ediacaran Shuram-Wonoka excursion, with δ^(13)C_(carb) values as low as-12‰(PDB) in marineshelf deposits and spanning up to 10 Myr, is the deepest and most protracted δ^(13)C_(carb) negative anomaly recognised in Earth history. the excursion formed on at least four continents in low(≤32°) palaeolatitudes, and in China is associated with a major phosphogenic event. Global and intrabasinal correlation, magnetostratigraphy, isotope conglomerate tests and further geochemical data are consistent with a primary or syn-depositional origin for the excursion. Continental-margin phosphorites are generated by oceanic upwelling driven by surface winds, and δ^(13)C_(carb) negative anomalies are explicable by oceanic upwelling of 13 C-depleted deep oceanic waters, arguing that a feature common to these exceptional Ediacaran events was unprecedented perturbation of the world ocean. these events occurred during the transition from an alien Proterozoic world marked by low-palaeolatitude glaciation near sea level and strong seasonality to the familiar Phanerozoic Earth with circum-polar glaciation and temperate climate, suggesting that the Shuram-Wonoka excursion is related to this profound change in Earth's climate system. Of various hypotheses for Proterozoic low-palaeolatitude glaciation, only the high obliquity(>54°) hypothesis, which posits secular decrease in obliquity to near the present-day value(23.5°) during the Ediacaran, predicts an unparalleled revolution in the Ediacaran world ocean. the obliquity controls the sense of the world ocean's meridional overturning circulation, which today is driven by the sinking of cold, dense water at the poles and upwelling driven by zonal surface *** the decreasing obliquity passed the critical value of 54° during the Ediacaran the meridional temperature gradient reversed, with the equator becoming warmer than the poles and Hadley lowlatitude(tmospheric zonal circulation reversing. this reversal of the temperat

关键词： Ediacaran Shuram-Wonoka carbon isotope excursion Oceanic meridional circulation Atmospheric circulation Proterozoic paleoclimate Obliquity of the ecliptic

Polyethylene glycol has immunoprotective effects on sciatic allografts, but behavioral recovery and graft tolerance require neurorrhaphy and axonal fusion

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1192-1206页

作者： tyler A.Smith Liwen Zhou Cameron L.Ghergherehchi Michelle Mikesh Cathy Z.Yang Haley O.tucker JuliAnne Allgood Jared S.Bushman george D.Bittner Department of Molecular Biosciences University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Department of Neuroscience University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of WyomingLaramieWYUSA

Behavioral recovery using(viable)peripheral nerve allografts to repair ablation-type(segmental-loss)peripheral nerve injuries is delayed or poor due to slow and inaccurate axonal ***,such peripheral nerve allografts undergo immunological rejection by the host immune *** contrast,peripheral nerve injuries repaired by polyethylene glycol fusion of peripheral nerve allografts exhibit excellent behavioral recovery within weeks,reduced immune responses,and many axons do not undergo Wallerian *** relative contribution of neurorrhaphy and polyethylene glycol-fusion of axons versus the effects of polyethylene glycol per se was unknown prior to this *** hypothesized that polyethylene glycol might have some immune-protective effects,but polyethylene glycol-fusion was necessary to prevent Wallerian degeneration and functional/behavioral *** examined how polyethylene glycol solutions per se affect functional and behavioral recovery and peripheral nerve allograft morphological and immunological responses in the absence of polyethylene glycol-induced axonal ***-type sciatic nerve injuries in outbred Sprague–Dawley rats were repaired according to a modified protocol using the same solutions as polyethylene glycol-fused peripheral nerve allografts,but peripheral nerve allografts were loose-sutured(loose-sutured polyethylene glycol)with an intentional gap of 1–2 mm to prevent fusion by polyethylene glycol of peripheral nerve allograft axons with host *** to negative control peripheral nerve allografts not treated by polyethylene glycol and in contrast to polyethylene glycol-fused peripheral nerve allografts,animals with loose-sutured polyethylene glycol peripheral nerve allografts exhibited Wallerian degeneration for all axons and myelin degeneration by 7 days postoperatively and did not recover sciatic-mediated behavioral functions by 42 days *** morphological signs of rejection,such as col

关键词： allograft rejection axotomy macrophage myelin nerve repair polyethylene glycol(PEG) sciatic nerve t cell transplantation Wallerian degeneration

Strongly seasonal Proterozoic glacial climate in low palaeolatitudes:Radically different climate system on the pre-Ediacaran Earth

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Geoscience Frontiers 2016年第4期7卷 555-571页

作者： george E.Williams Phillip W.schmidt Grant M.Young Department of Earth Sciences University of AdelaideSA 5005Australia CSIRO Mineral Resources Flagship PO Box 52North RydeNSW 16FOAustralia Department of Earth Sciences University of Western OntarioLondonOntario N6A 5B7Canada

Proterozoic （pre-Ediacaran） glaciations occurred under strongly seasonal climates near sea level in low palaeolatitudes. Metre-scale primary sand wedges in Cryogenian periglacial deposits are identical to those actively forming, through the infilling of seasonal （winter） thermal contraction-cracks in perma- frost by windblown sand, in present-day polar regions with a mean monthly air temperature range of 40 ~C and mean annual air temperatures of -20 ~C or lower. Varve-like rhythmites with dropstones in Proterozoic glacial successions are consistent with an active seasonal freeze-thaw cycle. the seasonal （annual） oscillation of sea level recorded by tidal rhythmites in Cryogenian glacial successions indicates a significant seasonal cycle and extensive open seas. Palaeomagnetic data determined directly for Prote- rozoic glacial deposits and closely associated rocks indicate low palaeolatitudes： Cryogenian deposits in South Australia accumulated at 〈10% most other Cryogenian deposits at 〈20~ and Palaeoproterozoic deposits at 〈15~ palaeolatitude. Palaeomagnetic data imply that the Proterozoic geomagnetic field approximated a geocentric axial dipole, hence palaeolatitudes represent geographic latitudes. the Cry- ogenian glacial environment included glacier-flee, continental permafrost regions with ground frozen on a kyr time-scale, aeolian sand-sheets, extensive and long-lived open seas, and an active hydrological cycle. this palaeoenvironment confiicts with the ＇snowball Earth＇ and ＇slushball Earth＇ hypotheses, which cannot accommodate large seasonal changes of temperature near the equator. Consequently, their proponents have attempted to refute the evidence for strong seasonality by introducing Popperian ＇auxiliary assumptions＇. However, non-actualistic arguments that the Cryogenian sand wedges indicate diurnal or weakly seasonal temperature changes are based on misunderstandings of periglacial pro- cesses. Modelling of a strongly seasonal climate for a frozen-over Ear

关键词： Proterozoic Glaciation Periglacial structures Varves Paleoclimate Paleomagetism

Effective Interaction Force between an Electric Charge and a Magnetic Dipole and Locality (or Nonlocality) in Quantum Effects of the Aharonov–Bohm type

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Chinese Physics Letters 2021年第3期38卷 39-43页

作者： Gianfranco Spavieri george t.Gillies Miguel Rodriguez Maribel Perez Centro de Física Fundamental Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Los AndesMérida 5101Venezuela Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA 22904USA Departamento de Física Facultad de Ciencia y TecnologíaUniversidad de CaraboboNaguanagua 2001Venezuela Carrera de Ingeniería Ambiental Facultad de IngenieríaUniversidad Nacional de ChimborazoRiobamba 100150Ecuador

Classical electrodynamics foresees that the effective interaction force between a moving charge and a magnetic dipole is modified by the time-varying total momentum of the interaction fields. We derive the equations of motion of the particles from the total stress-energy tensor, assuming the validity of Maxwell’s equations and the total momentum conservation law. Applications to the effects of Aharonov–Bohm type show that the observed phase shift may be due to the relative lag between interfering particles caused by the effective local force.

关键词： force. momentum interaction

Integrating insulin-like growth factor 1 and sex hormones into neuroprotection:Implications for diabetes

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World Journal of Diabetes 2017年第2期8卷 45-55页

作者： Jacob Huffman Christina Hoffmann george t taylor Behavioral Neuroscience Program Department of Psychological SciencesUniversity of MissouriSt. Interfakultare Biomedizinische Forschung-seinrichtung der Universitat Heidelberg

Brain integrity and cognitive aptitude are often impaired in patients with diabetes mellitus, presumably a result of the metabolic complications inherent to the disease. However, an increasing body of evidence has demonstrated the central role of insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF1) and its relation to sex hormones in many neuroprotective processes. Both male and female patients with diabetes display abnormal IGF1 and sexhormone levels but the comparison of these fluctuations is seldom a topic of interest. It is interesting to note that both IGF1 and sex hormones have the ability to regulate phosphoinositide 3-kinase-Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinases-extracellular signal-related kinasesignaling cascades in animal and cell culture models of neuroprotection. Additionally, there is considerable evidence demonstrating the neuroprotective coupling of IGF1 and estrogen. Androgens have also been implicated in many neuroprotective processes that operate on similar signaling cascades as the estrogen-IGF1 relation. Yet, androgens have not been directly linked to the brain IGF1 system and neuroprotection. Despite the sex-specific variations in brain integrity and hormone levels observed in diabetic patients, the IGF1-sex hormone relation in neuroprotection has yet to be fully substantiated in experimental models of diabetes. taken together, there is a clear need for the comprehensive analysis of sex differences on brain integrity of diabetic patients and the relationship between IGF1 and sex hormones that may influence brain-health outcomes. As such, this review will briefly outline the basic relation of diabetes and IGF1 and its role in neuroprotection. We will also consider the findings on sex hormones and diabetes as a basis for separately analyzing males and females to identify possible hormone-induced brain abnormalities. Finally, we will introduce the neuroprotective interplay of IGF1 and estrogen and how androgen-derived neuroprotection operates through similar si

关键词： Diabetes Androgens Estrogen Insulin Insulin-like growth factor 1 Neuroprotection Brain integrity Cognition

Effects of nano thickener deposited film on the behaviour of starvation and replenishment of lubricating greases

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Friction 2016年第4期4卷 313-323页

作者： Lu HUANG Dan GUO Xiang LIU Guoxin XIE george t Y WAN Shizhu WEN National Institute of Metrology Beijing 100029 ChinaState Key Laboratory of Tribology Tsinghua University Beijing 100086 China State Key Laboratory of tribology Tsinghua University Beijing 100086 China

the mechanism of grease replenishment in and around a starved point contact was studied in this *** made of different thickeners and same base oil were tested and *** and re-formation of a dynamic grease reservoir during operation revealed that grease bled oil to replenish ***,the replenishment process was slow because of the presence of grease fingers along the track and thickener-deposited film inside the *** contact angles of base oil on the chromium-coated surface and thickener-deposited surfaces were *** proved that the contact angle on the deposited film remarkably increased compared with that on the chromium-coated surface from 25° to more than 40°.However,the deposited film could be consumed with continuous rolling,and replenishment was then enhanced.

关键词： grease starvation thickener deposited film replenishment contact angle

Single-cell multi-omics analysis revealing immune features of inactivated COVID-19 vaccination in systemic lupus erythematosus patients

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Science Bulletin 2025年第1期70卷 42-46页

作者： Yuxuan Zheng Siyuan Wang Xingyu Zhou Shitong Qiao Xin Zhao Yuan Chen Zijun Li Zhanguo Li Xiaolin Sun Shuguang tan Jing He george Fu Gao CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100101China Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Peking University People’s HospitalBeijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism and Immune Diagnosis(BZ0135)Beijing 100044China Medical School University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs School of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Studies have focused on neutralizing antibody titers and t-cell activation induced by vaccination against different SARS-CoV-2strains[1,2].Advanced single-cell technology has allowed for a comprehensive evaluation of immune responses to diverse vaccines,revealing potential antiviral mechanisms[3-5].Patients with rheumatic diseases(RDs)experience dysregulated cellular and humoral immune responses that affect their disease susceptibility,including COVID-19[6].

关键词： vaccination revealing titer