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Athletes with mild post-COVID-19 symptoms experience increased respiratory and metabolic demands:А cross-sectional study

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sports Medicine and Health science 2023年第2期5卷 106-111页

作者： Vasileios T.stavrou Astara Kyriaki george D.Vavougios Ioannis G.Fatouros george s.Metsios Konstantinos Kalabakas Dimitrios Karagiannis Zoe Daniil Konstantinos I.Gourgoulianis george Вasdekis Laboratory of Cardio-Pulmonary Testing and Pulmonary Rehabilitation Respiratory Medicine DepartmentFaculty of MedicineUniversity of ThessalyLarissaGreece The Medical Project PreventionEvaluation and Recovery CenterLarissaGreece Department of Neurology 417 Army Equity Fund Hospital(NIMTS)AthensGreece Department of Neurology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of CyprusLefkosiaCyprus school of Physical Education and sport sciences University of ThessalyTrikalaGreece Department of Nutrition and Dietetics University of ThessalyTrikalaGreece

Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19)has significantly affected different physiological systems,with a potentially profound effect on athletic ***,to date,such an effect has been neither addressed nor ***,the aim of this study was to investigate fitness indicators,along with the respiratory and metabolic profile,in post-COVID-19 *** male soccer players,were divided into two groups:non-hospitalized COVID-19(n=20,Age:[25.2±4.1]years,Body surface Area[BsA]:[1.9±0.2]m^(2),body fat:11.8%±3.4%)versus[vs]healthy(n=20,Age:[25.1±4.4]years,BsA:[2.0±0.3]m^(2),body fat:10.8%±4.5%).For each athlete,prior to cardiopulmonary exercise testing(CPET),body composition,spirometry,and lactate blood levels,were *** between groups were assessed with the independent samples t-test(pseveral differences were detected between the two groups:ventilation(:Resting:[14.7±3.1]L·min^(−1)vs.[11.5±2.6]L·min^(−1),p=0.001;Maximal Effort:[137.1±15.5]L·min^(−1)vs.[109.1±18.4]L·min^(−1),psting:7.9%±1.8%vs.5.7%±1.7%,ps.63.1%±9.0%,p=0.002),ratioVE/BsA(Resting:7.9%±2.0%vs.5.9%±1.4%,p=0.001;Maximal Effort:73.7%±11.1%vs.66.2%±9.2%,p=0.026),heart rate(Maximal Effort:[191.6±7.8]bpm vs.[196.6±8.6]bpm,p=0.041),and lactate acid(Resting:[1.8±0.8]mmol·L^(−1)vs.[0.9±0.1]mmol·L^(−1),ps.[9.8±1.2]mmol·L^(−1),p=0.009),during *** significant differences were identified regarding maximal oxygen uptake([55.7±4.4]ml·min^(−1)·kg−1 vs.[55.4±4.6]ml·min^(−1)·kg−1,p=0.831).Our findings demonstrate a pattern of compromised respiratory function in post-COVID-19 athletes characterized by increased respiratory work at both rest and maximum effort as well as hyperventilation during exercise,which may explain the reported increased metabolic needs.

关键词： Cardiopulmonary exercise testing Infected with COVID-19 Respiratory work

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3种平台Delta-Omicron嵌合RBD二聚体新型冠状病毒疫苗的免疫原性头对头比较

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科学通报 2024年第10期69卷 1351-1360页

作者：杨康吉徐坤张丽君韩雨旋周东明夏乾峰戴连攀高福海南医学院热带医学院热带转化医学教育部重点实验室海口571199 中国科学院北京生命科学研究院免疫与健康联合研究中心北京100101 中国科学院微生物研究所中国科学院病原微生物与免疫学重点实验室北京100101 天津医科大学基础医学院天津300070

新型冠状病毒(新冠病毒)在全球范围内流行,对公共卫生和人民生命健康造成了巨大威胁,新冠病毒疫苗的研发和使用对预防疾病和控制疫情起到了关键作用.基于包括重组蛋白亚单位、病毒载体、mRNA脂纳米颗粒在内的多种技术平台开发的疫苗都... 详细信息

新型冠状病毒(新冠病毒)在全球范围内流行,对公共卫生和人民生命健康造成了巨大威胁,新冠病毒疫苗的研发和使用对预防疾病和控制疫情起到了关键作用.基于包括重组蛋白亚单位、病毒载体、mRNA脂纳米颗粒在内的多种技术平台开发的疫苗都获得了使用.然而,由于抗原设计的差异、免疫剂量和注射间隔的差别,不同疫苗平台之间的免疫效果无法直接比较.因此,本研究以Delta-Omicron嵌合RBD二聚体为免疫原,对广泛使用的3个疫苗平台(重组蛋白亚单位疫苗、腺病毒载体疫苗和mRNA疫苗)进行了免疫原性头对头比较,通过小鼠模型比较了它们同源接种和序贯接种所诱导的体液免疫和细胞免疫反应的差异.结果显示,小鼠在免疫同源的两剂疫苗后,m RNA疫苗诱导的结合抗体和中和抗体滴度都最高,其次分别是重组蛋白亚单位疫苗和腺病毒载体疫苗;异源加强免疫的结果显示,不管是以重组蛋白亚单位疫苗、腺病毒载体疫苗或者mRNA疫苗初免,以mRNA疫苗作为第2针加强免疫均能诱导更强的体液免疫反应.此外,在疫苗激发的细胞免疫方面,mRNA疫苗诱导了较强的CD4^(+)T细胞反应,腺病毒载体疫苗诱导了较强的CD8^(+)T细胞反应,而亚单位疫苗刺激的细胞免疫反应以CD4^(+)T细胞为主,但在强度上较弱.本研究具有重要的应用价值,为未来新一代的新冠病毒疫苗研发和接种策略提供了指导.

关键词：新型冠状病毒亚单位疫苗腺病毒载体疫苗 m RNA疫苗抗体 T细胞

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Composition design of high-entropy alloys with deep sets learning

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 834-844页

作者： Jie Zhang Chen Cai george Kim Yusu Wang Wei Chen Department of Mechanical Materialsand Aerospace EngineeringIllinois Institute of TechnologyChicagoIL60616USA Halıcıoğlu Data science Institute University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA

High entropy alloys(HEAs)are an important material class in the development of next-generation structural materials,but the astronomically large composition space cannot be efficiently explored by experiments or first-principles *** learning(ML)methods might address this challenge,but ML of HEAs has been hindered by the scarcity of HEA property *** this work,the EMTO-CPA method was used to generate a large HEA dataset(spanning a composition space of 14 elements)containing 7086 cubic HEA structures with structural properties,1911 of which have the complete elastic tensor *** elastic property dataset was used to train a ML model with the Deep sets *** Deep sets model has better predictive performance and generalizability compared to other ML *** rule mining was applied to the model predictions to describe the compositional dependence of HEA elastic properties and to demonstrate the potential for data-driven alloy design.

关键词： alloys alloy entropy

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Exploring speeding behavior using naturalistic car driving data from smartphones

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2023年第6期10卷 1162-1173页

作者： Armira Kontaxi Dimosthenis-Marios Tzoutzoulis Apostolos Ziakopoulos george Yannis Department of Transportation Planning and Engineering National Technical University of AthensZografou 15773AthensGreece

The present research aimed to identify critical factors that affect speeding *** that purpose,high-resolution smartphone data collected from a naturalistic driving experiment of 88 drivers were utilized,augmented with data from self-reported *** risk exposure and driving behavior indicators calculated from smartphone sensor data,as well as demographic characteristics and self-reported driving performance,statistical analysis was carried out for modelling the percentage of driving time over the speed limit,namely by means of generalized linear mixed-effects *** precisely,an overall model was developed for all road environments,and additional separate models were developed for driving on urban and rural *** results from the interpretation of the estimated parameters of the models can be summarized as follows:the parameters of trip distance and mobile phone use while driving have been determined as statistically significant and positively correlated with the percentage of speeding time during a driver's *** the same context,male drivers and drivers in the age group of18-34 also increase the percentages of speeding instances while *** driving behavior as stated on the questionnaire,it seems that low frequencies of self-declared speeding(never or rarely)are statistically significant and negatively correlated with the percentage of speeding *** is expected that this research can provide considerable gains to society,since the stakeholders including policy makers and industry could rely on the results and recommendations regarding risk factors that appear to be critical for safe driving.

关键词： Road safety Driving behavior speeding Big data smartphone application

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Infodemiology:The science studying Infodemic and Inforus

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China CDC weekly 2022年第52期4卷 1181-1182页

作者： george F.Gao Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention BeijingChina Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina savaid Medical school University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina.

After three years of great effort,we are now facing a new challenge from the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic in *** strict lockdown in Wuhan City(1–2),Hubei Province,to dynamic zero-COVID and subsequent precision prevention and control,the control strategies have been a good example with great achievements for preparedness and emergency response in modern settings of public *** there are always arguments,it is clear that life-saving and time-winning processes have made essential materials available for the new challenge,with more vaccines and inhibitors/drugs available for use by *** the past,discussions about a strategy switch raised concerns about China’s response capacity and even led to rumors or mis/disinformation,which challenged the resilience and tolerance of *** was able to explore the zero-COVID strategy because it has a strong community-level public health service(3)and the capacity to ensure the execution of the *** have been working hard to tackle both the COVID-19 pandemic and the mis/disinformation epidemic,which was referred to as an“infodemic”as early as in 2002(4).

关键词： prevention discussions raised

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Elevated basal intestinal mucosal cytokine levels in asymptomatic first-degree relatives of patients with Crohn's disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2000年第1期6卷 49-52页

作者： Indaram AVK Nandi s Weissman s Lam s.bailey B Blumstein M Greenberg R Bank s Division of Gastroenterology Long Island Jewish Medical CenterAlbert Einstein College of MedicineNew YorkUSA

AIM To determine levels of cytokines incolonic mucosa of asymptomatic first degreerelatives of Crohn’s disease *** Cytokines(Interleukin(IL)1-Beta,IL-2,IL-5 and IL-8)were measured using ELIsAin biopsy samples of normal looking colonicmucosa of first degree relatives of Crohn’sdisease patients(n = 9)and from normalcontrols(n = 10)with no family history ofCrohn’s *** Asymptomatic first degree relativesof patients with Crohn’s disease had significantlyhigher levels of basal intestinal mucosalcytokines(IL-2,IL-5 and IL-8)than *** these increased cytokinelevels serve as phenotypic markers for a geneticpredisposition to developing Crohns diseaselater on,or whether they indicate early(pre-clinical)damage has yet to be further *** Asymptomatic first degreerelatives of Crohn’s disease patients have higherlevels of cytokines in their normal-lookingintestinal mucosa compared to normal controls,This supports the hypothesis that increasedcytokines may be a cause or an early event inthe inflammatory cascade of Crohns disease andare not merely a result of the inflammatoryprocess.

关键词： subject headings crohns disease cytokine/analysis intestinal mucosa

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An Efficient 3D CNN Framework with Attention Mechanisms for Alzheimer’s Disease Classification

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Computer systems science & Engineering 2023年第11期47卷 2097-2118页

作者： Athena george Bejoy Abraham Neetha george Linu shine sivakumar Ramachandran Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering College of EngineeringTrivandrum695016India Department of Computer science and Engineering College of Engineering MuttatharaTrivandrum695008India Department of Electronics and Communication Rajeev Gandhi Institute of TechnologyKottayam686501India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Government Engineering CollegeWayanad670644India

Neurodegeneration is the gradual deterioration and eventual death of brain cells,leading to progressive loss of structure and function of neurons in the brain and nervous *** disorders,such as Alzheimer’s,Huntington’s,Parkinson’s,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,multiple system atrophy,and multiple sclerosis,are characterized by progressive deterioration of brain function,resulting in symptoms such as memory impairment,movement difficulties,and cognitive *** diagnosis of these conditions is crucial to slowing down cell degeneration and reducing the severity of the *** resonance imaging(MRI)is widely used by neurologists for diagnosing brain *** majority of the research in this field focuses on processing the 2D images extracted from the 3D MRI volumetric scans for disease *** might result in losing the volumetric information obtained from the whole brain *** address this problem,a novel 3D-CNN architecture with an attention mechanism is proposed to classify whole-brain MRI images for Alzheimer’s disease(AD)*** 3D-CNN model uses channel and spatial attention mechanisms to extract relevant features and improve accuracy in identifying brain dysfunctions by focusing on specific regions of the *** pipeline takes pre-processed MRI volumetric scans as input,and the 3D-CNN model leverages both channel and spatial attention mechanisms to extract precise feature representations of the input MRI volume for accurate *** present study utilizes the publicly available Alzheimer’s disease Neuroimaging Initiative(ADNI)dataset,which has three image classes:Mild Cognitive Impairment(MCI),Cognitive Normal(CN),and AD *** proposed approach achieves an overall accuracy of 79%when classifying three classes and an average accuracy of 87%when identifying AD and the other two *** findings reveal that 3D-CNN models with an attention mechanism exhibit significantly higher classi

关键词： 3D CNN alzheimer’s disease attention mechanism classification

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A real-world data collection framework for a fused dataset creation for joint human and remotely operated vehicle monitoring and anomalous command detection

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2022年第3期7卷 432-445页

作者： Rafaella Elia george Plastiras Eva Pettemeridou Antonis savva Theocharis Theocharides Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of CyprusNicosiaCyprus KIOs Research and Innovation Center of Excellence University of CyprusNicosiaCyprus Center for Applied Neuroscience(CAN) University of CyprusNicosiaCyprus

Unmanned Remotely Operated Vehicles(ROVs)are widely used in safety-critical missions,spanning across monitoring,surveillance,and search and rescue *** most cases,the human operator controls the ROV under stressful conditions and in harsh *** physical and mental states of the operator are vital as they may cause involuntary movements,issuing unintentional commands due to fatigue or ***,a joint monitoring mechanism that will assess the operator's commands can be beneficial in preventing potentially catastrophic events,such as *** this end,in this study,we propose a data collection framework for creating a fused dataset,consisting of data obtained from both the human operator and the ROV,and we integrate stress induction to stimulate stress and fatigue that may affect operators during *** optimise the dataset,which includes the operator's physiological signals and inertial measurement unit(IMU)sensor data from the ROV,using data fusion approaches and feature *** evaluate the dataset through the statistical analysis,illustrating a statistical difference between data characterising normal and involuntary ***,we evaluate the optimised and original datasets over a variety of classifiers,demonstrating an accuracy of 94%and 95%,respectively.

关键词： operator fused operators

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Learning two-phase microstructure evolution using neural operators and autoencoder architectures

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1804-1816页

作者： Vivek Oommen Khemraj shukla somdatta Goswami Rémi Dingreville george Em Karniadakis school of Engineering Brown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA Division of Applied Mathematics Brown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies Sandia National LaboratoriesAlbuquerqueNM87185USA

Phase-field modeling is an effective but computationally expensive method for capturing the mesoscale morphological and microstructure evolution in ***,fast and generalizable surrogate models are needed to alleviate the cost of computationally taxing processes such as in optimization and design of *** intrinsic discontinuous nature of the physical phenomena incurred by the presence of sharp phase boundaries makes the training of the surrogate model *** develop a framework that integrates a convolutional autoencoder architecture with a deep neural operator(DeepONet)to learn the dynamic evolution of a two-phase mixture and accelerate time-to-solution in predicting the microstructure *** utilize the convolutional autoencoder to provide a compact representation of the microstructure data in a low-dimensional latent *** DeepONet is trained in the latent space,it can be used to replace the high-fidelity phase-field numerical solver in interpolation tasks or to accelerate the numerical solver in extrapolation tasks.

关键词： materials phase operators

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Primary sclerosing Cholangitis and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Review

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2022年第3期10卷 531-542页

作者： Teresa Da Cunha Haleh Vaziri george Y.Wu Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology-HepatologyUniversity of Connecticut Health CenterFarmingtonCTUSA

Primary sclerosing cholangitis is a disease affecting around 0.006–0.016%of the *** these,around 75%have concomitant inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)according to the most recent epidemiological *** theories have been proposed regarding the pathogenesis of primary sclerosing cholangitis(PsC).These include changes in the function of cholangiocytes,effects of the gut microbiome,association with specific human leukocyte antigen haplotypes and dysregulation of the immune ***,these do not explain the observed association with ***,there are considerable differences in the frequency and outcomes between patients with PsC and ulcerative colitis compared with PsC and Crohn’s *** aim of this review is to appraise the most recent studies that have contributed to the epidemiology,advances in the pathophysiology,and characterization of important clinical aspects of the association of PsC and IBD.

关键词： Primary sclerosing cholangitis Cholangitis Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis Crohn’s disease

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