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Synthesis and applications of MOF-derived porous nanostructures

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Green Energy & Environment 2017年第3期2卷 218-245页

作者： Min Hui Yap Kam Loon Fow george Zheng Chen Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Energy Engineering Research Group Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Nottingham Ningbo China Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Advanced Materials Research Group Faculty of Engineering University of Nottingham

Metal organic frameworks(MOFs) represent a class of porous material which is formed by strong bonds between metal ions and organic linkers. By careful selection of constituents, MOFs can exhibit very high surface area, large pore volume, and excellent chemical *** on synthesis, structures and properties of various MOFs has shown that they are promising materials for many applications, such as energy storage, gas storage, heterogeneous catalysis and sensing. Apart from direct use, MOFs have also been used as support substrates for nanomaterials or as sacrificial templates/precursors for preparation of various functional nanostructures. In this review, we aim to present the most recent development of MOFs as precursors for the preparation of various nanostructures and their potential applications in energy-related devices and processes. Specifically, this present survey intends to push the boundaries and covers the literatures from the year 2013 to early 2017,on supercapacitors, lithium ion batteries, electrocatalysts, photocatalyst, gas sensing, water treatment, solar cells, and carbon dioxide ***, an outlook in terms of future challenges and potential prospects towards industrial applications are also discussed.

关键词： Metal organic frameworks Porous nanostructures Supercapacitors Lithium ion batteries Heterogeneous catalyst

OPTIMIZATION OF A WAVE CANCELLATION MULTIHULL SHIP USING CFD TOOLS

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2002年第1期14卷 1-7页

作者： C. Yang, r. L■hner, O. Soto (School of Computational Sciences, george Mason University Fairfax VA 22030-4444, USA) Sch. of Comp. Sci. George Mason Univ. Fairfax VA 22030-4444 United States

A simple CFD tool, coupled to a discrete surface representation and a gradient based optimization procedure, is applied to the design of optimal hull forms and optimal arrangement of hulls for a wave cancellation multihull ship. The CFD tool, which is used to estimate the wave drag, is based on the zeroth order slender ship approximation. The hu ll surface is represented by a triangulation, and almost every grid point on the surface can be used as a design variable. A smooth surface is obtained via a si mplified pseudo shell problem. The optimal design process consists of two steps . The optimal center and outer hull forms are determined independently in the fi rst step, where each hull forms are determined independently in the first step, where each hull keeps the same displacement as the original design while the wav e drag is minimized. The optimal outer hull arrangement is determined in the se cond step for the optimal center and outer hull forms obtained in the first step . results indicate that the new design can achieve a large wave drag reduction i n comparison to the original design configuration.

关键词： hull form design hull form optimiza tion wave cancellation multihull ship trimaran wave resistance CFD tools sl ender ship approximation surface parameterization.

Decoding altitude-activated regulatory mechanisms occurring during apple peel ripening

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Horticulture research 2020年第1期7卷 1149-1160页

作者： Evangelos Karagiannis Michail Michailidis Georgia Tanou Federico Scossa Eirini Sarrou george Stamatakis Martina Samiotaki Stefan Martens Alisdair r.Fernie Athanassios Molassiotis Laboratory of Pomology Department of AgricultureAristotle University of Thessaloniki54124 ThessalonikiGreece Institute of Soil and Water resources ELGO-DEMETERThermiThessaloniki 57001Greece Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology Am Müehlenberg 1.Potsdam-Golm 14476Germany Council for Agricultural research and Economics Research Center for Genomics and BioinformaticsVia Ardeatina 54600178 RomeItaly Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic resources ELGO-DEMETERThermiThessaloniki 57001Greece Biomedical Sciences research Center“Alexander Fleming” Vari 16672Greece Fondazione Edmund Mach Centro Ricerca e InnovazioneDepartment of Food Quality and NutritionVia E.Mach138010 San Michele all’AdigeTNItaly

Apple(Malus domestica Borkh)is an important fruit crop cultivated in a broad range of environmental *** fruit ripening is a physiological process,whose molecular regulatory network response to different environments is still not sufficiently investigated and this is particularly true of the peel *** this study,the influence of environmental conditions associated with low(20 m)and high(750 m)altitude on peel tissue ripening was assessed by physiological measurements combined with metabolomic and proteomic analyses during apple fruit development and *** apple fruit ripening was itself not affected by the different environmental conditions,several key color parameters,such as redness and color index,were notably induced by high *** with this observation,increased levels of anthocyanin and other phenolic compounds,including cyanidin-3-O-galactoside,quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside,quercetin-3-O-rutinoside,and chlorogenic acid were identified in the peel of apple grown at high ***,the high-altitude environment was characterized by elevated abundance of various carbohydrates(e.g.,arabinose,xylose,and sucrose)but decreased levels of glutamic acid and several related proteins,such as glycine hydroxymethyltransferase and glutamate–glyoxylate *** processes affected by high altitude were the TCA cycle,the synthesis of oxidative/defense enzymes,and the accumulation of photosynthetic *** the obtained data we were able to construct a metabolite-protein network depicting the impact of altitude on peel *** combined analyses presented here provide new insights into physiological processes linking apple peel ripening with the prevailing environmental conditions.

关键词： altitude network prevailing

Key questions about the checkpoint blockade-are microrNAs an answer?

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2018年第2期15卷 103-115页

作者： Mihnea Dragomir Baoqing Chen Xiao Fu george A.Calin Department of Experimental Therapeutics The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center research Center for Functional Genomics Biomedicine and Translational MedicineIuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Department of Surgery Fundeni Clinical HospitalCarol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Center for rNA Interference and Non-coding rNAs The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center

The introduction of immune-checkpoint blockade in the cancer therapy led to a paradigm change of the management of late stage cancers. There are already multiple FDA approved checkpoint inhibitors and many other agents are undergoing phase 2 and early phase 3 clinical trials. The therapeutic indication of immune checkpoint inhibitors expanded in the last years, but still remains unclear who can benefit. Micro rNAs are small rNAs with no coding potential. By complementary pairing to the 3' untranslated region of messenger rNA, microrNAs exert posttranscriptional control of protein expression. A network of microrNAs directly and indirectly controls the expression of checkpoint receptors and several microrNAs can target multiple checkpoint molecules,mimicking the therapeutic effect of a combined immune checkpoint blockade. In this review, we will describe the microrNAs that control the expression of immune checkpoints and we will present four specific issues of the immune checkpoint therapy in cancer:(1) imprecise therapeutic indication,(2) difficult response evaluation,(3) numerous immunologic adverse-events, and(4)the absence of response to immune therapy. Finally, we propose microrNAs as possible solutions for these pitfalls. We consider that in the near future microrNAs could become important therapeutic partners of the immune checkpoint therapy.

关键词： MicrorNA PD-1 PD-L1 CTLA-4 checkpoint inhibitors

Single-shot lensless imaging with fresnel zone aperture and incoherent illumination

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 1509-1519页

作者： Jiachen Wu Hua Zhang Wenhui Zhang Guofan Jin Liangcai Cao george Barbastathis State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments Department of Precision InstrumentsTsinghua University100084 BeijingChina Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts AvenueCambridgeMA 02139USA

Lensless imaging eliminates the need for geometric isomorphism between a scene and an image while allowing the construction of compact,lightweight imaging ***,a challenging inverse problem remains due to the low reconstructed signal-to-noise *** implementations require multiple masks or multiple shots to denoise the *** propose single-shot lensless imaging with a Fresnel zone aperture and incoherent *** using the Fresnel zone aperture to encode the incoherent rays in wavefront-like form,the captured pattern has the same form as the inline *** conventional backpropagation reconstruction is troubled by the twin-image problem,we show that the compressive sensing algorithm is effective in removing this twin-image artifact due to the sparsity in natural *** reconstruction with a significantly improved signal-to-noise ratio from a single-shot image promotes a camera architecture that is flat and reliable in its structure and free of the need for strict calibration.

关键词： illumination Fresnel removing

Linking the Paul Coverdell National Acute Stroke Program to commercial claims to establish a framework for real-world longitudinal stroke research

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2022年第2期7卷 114-123页

作者： Elisabetta Patorno Sebastian Schneeweiss Mary G george Xin Tong Jessica M Franklin Ajinkya Pawar Helen Mogun Lidia M V r Moura Lee H Schwamm Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics Department of MedicineBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention NCCDPHPCenters for Disease Control and PreventionAtlantaGeorgiaUSA Epilepsy and Neurophysiology Division Department of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Fireman Vascular Center and Stroke Division Department of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA

Background Non-interventional large-scale research on real-world patients who had a stroke requires the use of multiple data sources ensuring access to longitudinal data from large populations with clinically-detailed *** sought to establish a framework for longitudinal research on patients hospitalised with stroke by linking information-rich,deidentified inpatient data from the Paul Coverdell National Acute Stroke Program(PCNASP)to commercial and Medicare Advantage longitudinal claims *** All stroke admissions in PCNASP between 2008 and 2015 were evaluated for linkage to longitudinal claims from a commercial insurer using an algorithm based on six available common data fields(patient age,gender,admission date,discharge date,discharge diagnosis and state)and a hospital *** evaluated the linkage quality(via the percentage of unique records in the linked dataset)and the representativeness of the linked *** also described medical history,stroke severity and patterns of medication use among the PCNASP-claims linked *** The linkage produced uniqueness equal to 99.1%.We identified 5644 linked and 98896 unlinked patients who had an ischaemic stroke hospitalisation in claims *** patients were younger than unlinked(69.7 vs 72.5 years),but otherwise similar by medical history,prestroke medication use or lab *** severity was mild and most patients were discharged *** and discharge use of antihypertensive and statins in the PCNASP were greater than their use as measured by filled prescriptions in *** High-quality linkage between the PCNASP and commercial claims data is *** linkage identified differences between reported or recommended versus actual out-of-hospital medication utilisation,highlighting the importance of longitudinal data availability for research aimed to improve the care of patients who had a stroke.

关键词： linkage claims younger

Bone mineral density and disorders of mineral metabolism in chronic liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第28期15卷 3516-3522页

作者： Joe george Hosahithlu K Ganesh Shrikrishna Acharya Tushar r Bandgar Vyankatesh Shivane Anjana Karvat Shobna J Bhatia Samir Shah Padmavathy S Menon Nalini Shah Department of Endocrinology Seth G.S. Medical College and KEM Hospital Department of Gastroenterology Seth G.S Medical College and KEM Hospital Department of Gastroenterology Jaslok Hospital

AIM： To estimate the prevalence and identify the risk factors for metabolic bone disease in patients with cirrhosis. METHODS： The study was performed on 72 Indian patients with cirrhosis （63 male, 9 female; aged 〈 50 years）. Etiology of cirrhosis was alcoholism （n = 37）, hepatitis B （n = 25） and hepatitis C （n = 10）. Twenty-three patients belonged to Child class A, while 39 were in class B and 10 in class C. Secondary causes for metabolic bone disease and osteoporosis were ruled out. Sunlight exposure, physical activity and dietary constituents were calculated. Complete metabolic profiles were derived, and bone mineral density （BMD） was measured using dual energy X ray absorptiometry. Low BMD was defined as a Z score below -2. rESULTS： Low BMD was found in 68% of patients. Lumbar spine was the most frequently and severely affected site. risk factors for low BMD included low physical activity, decreased sunlight exposure, and low lean body mass. Calcium intake was adequate, with unfavorable calcium： protein ratio and calcium： phosphorus ratio. Vitamin D deficiency was highly prevalent （92%）. There was a high incidence of hypogonadism （41%）. Serum estradiol level was elevated significantly in patients with normal BMD. Insulin-like growth factor （IGF） 1 and IGF binding protein 3 levels were below the age-related normal range in both groups. IGF-1 was significantly lower in patients with low BMD. Serum osteocalcin level was low （68%） and urinary deoxypyridinoline to creatinine ratio was high （79%）, which demonstrated low bone formation with high resorption. CONCLUSION： Patients with cirrhosis have low BMD. Contributory factors are reduced physical activity, low lean body mass, vitamin D deficiency and hypogonadism and low IGF-1 level.

关键词： Bone mineral density Liver disease Chronic disease Cirrhosis Bone mineral metabolism Hepatic osteodystrophy

Transition from a maternal to external nitrogen source in maize seedlings

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2017年第4期59卷 261-274页

作者： Kasra Sabermanesh Luke r. Holtham Jessey george Ute roessner Berin A. Boughton Sigrid Heuer Mark Tester Darren C. Plett Trevor P. Garnett Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics Waite Research Institute University of Adelaide Adelaide SA 5064 Australia School of Agriculture Food and Wine Waite Research Institute University of Adelaide Adelaide SA 5064 Australia Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics School of BioSciences University of Melbourne Parkville Vic. 3010 Australia Metabolomics Australia School of BioSciences University of Melbourne Vic. 3010 Australia King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Center for Desert Agriculture Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia6. The Australian Plant Phenomics Facility The Plant Accelerator Waite Campus The University of Adelaide Adelaide SA 5064 Australia The Australian Plant Phenomics Facility The Plant Accelerator Waite Campus The University of Adelaide Adelaide SA 5064 Australia

Maximizing NO3 uptake during seedling development is important as it has a major influence on plant growth and yield. However, little is known about the processes leading to, and involved in, the initiation of root NO3 uptake capacity in developing seedlings. This study examines the physiological processes involved in root NO3 uptake and metabolism, to gain an understanding of how the NO3 uptake system responds to meet demand as maize seedlings transition from seed N use to external N capture. The concentrations of seedderived free amino acids within root and shoot tissues are initially high, but decrease rapidly until stabilizing eight days after imbibition （DAI）. Similarly, shoot N% decreases, but does not stabilize until 12-13 DAI. Following the decrease in free amino acid concentrations, root NO3- uptake capacity increases until shoot N% stabilizes. The increase in root NO3 uptake capacity corresponds with a rapid rise in transcript levels of putative NO3 transporters, ZmNrT2.1 and ZmNrT2.2. The processes underlying the increase in root NO3- uptake capacity to meet N demand provide an insight into the processes controlling N uptake.

关键词： NrT Transition from a maternal to external nitrogen source in maize seedlings NO

Trajectory controllability of fractional dynamical systems

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Journal of Control and Decision 2017年第2期4卷 114-130页

作者： Venkatesan Govindaraj Muslim Malik raju K.george Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Space Science and TechnologyTrivandrumIndia School of Basic Sciences Indian Institute of Technology MandiMandiIndia

In this paper,we discuss the trajectory controllability of linear and nonlinear fractional dynamical systems represented by the fractional differential equations in the sense of Caputo fractional derivative by using the Mittag-Leffler function and Gronwall-Bellman *** the nonlinear system,we assume Lipschitz-type conditions on the *** are given to illustrate the theoretical results.

关键词： Fractional derivative trajectory controllability Mittag-Leffler function Gronwall-Bellman inequality Lipschitz continuity