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Fighting Against COVID-19 at the Community Level—Wuhan City,Hubei Province,China,2020

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China CDC weekly 2020年第25期2卷 463-466页

作者： Canyou Zhang george FGao Zhifeng Wang Hao Wu Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention BeijingChina Department of Health Policy and Management School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina Fangzhuang Community Health Service Center of Fengtai District Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Since December 2019,an increasing number of cases of pneumonia with unknown etiology(PUE)—later named as coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)by the World Health Organization(WHO)—was identified in Wuhan(1–3),a large city of 11 million people in central China,and the basic reproductive number(r0)was estimated to be 2.2(95%CI:1.4 to 3.9)(4).On March 11,2020,the WHO formally announced COVID-19 a worldwide pandemic based on the alarming levels of spread and severity and by the alarming levels of inaction(5).Although there is neither a vaccine nor specific medication available,the pandemic was well contained in China by the strict introduction of nonpharmacological interventions(NPIs)(6).

关键词： formally Wuhan COV

Timing of Hepatitis C Virus Treatment in Liver Transplant Candidates in the Era of Direct-acting Antiviral Agents

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2017年第4期5卷 363-367页

作者： george Cholankeril Mairin Joseph-Talreja Brandon J.Perumpail Andy Liu Eric r.Yoo Aijaz Ahmed Aparna Goel Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordCAUSA Department of Medicine Drexel University College of MedicinePhiladelphiaPAUSA Department of Medicine California Pacific Medical CenterSan FranciscoCAUSA Department of Medicine Santa Clara Valley Medical CenterSan JoseCAUSA

Chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection remains the leading indication for liver transplantation(LT)in the United *** most patients with chronic HCV infection remain asymptomatic,up to one-third develop progressive liver disease resulting in *** is often the only curative treatment once significant hepatic decompensation ***,antiviral therapy for HCV infection has advanced markedly in the past 5 years with the discovery and approval of direct-acting antiviral *** new regimens are well tolerated,of short duration and highly effective,unlike the traditional treatment with pegylated-interferon and *** achieving sustained virological response becomes increasingly attainable for a majority of HCV-infected patients,concerns have been raised regarding the optimal timing of treatment for HCV infection in the setting of end-stage liver disease and during the peri-transplant *** one hand,HCV treatment may improve hepatic function and negate the need for LT in some,which is crucial given the scarcity of donor organs and mortality on the waiting list in certain *** the other hand,HCV treatment may result in lowering the priority for LT without improving quality of life,thereby delaying potentially curative LT *** review evaluates the evidence supporting the use of direct-acting antiviral agents in the period before and following LT.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Direct-acting antiviral therapy Liver transplantation

Delmar nurse''s drug handbook.

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Delayed inflammatory pulmonary syndrome: A distinct clinical entity in the spectrum of inflammatory syndromes in COVID-19 infection?

2009年

作者： Spratto george r.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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世界重症医学杂志 2023年第4期12卷 226-235页

作者： Prithviraj Bose Binila Chacko Ashwin Oliver Arul Leena robinson Vimala Balamugesh Thangakunam george M Varghese Mohan Jambugulam Audrin Lenin John Victor Peter Department of Medical Intensive Care Christian Medical CollegeVellore 632004Tamil NaduIndia Department of radiodiagnosis Christian Medical CollegeVellore 632004Tamil NaduIndia Department of Pulmonary Medicine Christian Medical CollegeVellore 632004Tamil NaduIndia Department of Infectious Disease Christian Medical CollegeVellore 632004Tamil NaduIndia Department of Medicine Christian Medical CollegeVellore 632004Tamil NaduIndia

BACKGrOUND During the second wave of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,a subset of critically ill patients developed delayed respiratory deterioration in the absence of new infection,fluid overload or extra-pulmonary organ *** To describe the clinical and laboratory characteristics,outcomes,and management of these patients,and to contrast this entity with other post COVID-19 immune dysregulation related inflammatory *** This was a retrospective observational study of adult patients admitted to the medical intensive care unit of a 2200-bed university affiliated teaching hospital,between May and August 2021,who fulfilled clearly defined inclusion and exclusion *** was assessed by a change in PaO_(2)/FiO_(2) ratio and levels of inflammatory markers before and after immunomodulation,duration of mechanical ventilation after starting treatment,and survival to *** Five patients developed delayed respiratory deterioration in the absence of new infection,fluid overload or extrapulmonary organ dysfunction at a median interquartile range(IQr)duration of 32(23-35)d after the onset of *** patients had elevated inflammatory markers,required mechanical ventilation for 13(IQr 10-23)d,and responded to glucocorticoids and/or intravenous *** patient died(20%).CONCLUSION This delayed respiratory worsening with elevated inflammatory markers and clinical response to immunomodulation appears to contrast the well described Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome–Adults by the paucity of extrapulmonary organ *** diagnosis can be considered in patients presenting with delayed respiratory worsening,that is not attributable to cardiac dysfunction,fluid overload or ongoing infections,and associated with an increase in systemic inflammatory markers like C-reactive protein,inteleukin-6 and ferritin.A good response to immunomodulation can be *** delayed inflammatory pulmonary syndrome may re

关键词： COVID-19 ArDS Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Adults Long COVID Organizing pneumonia

An unexpected large continental source of reactive bromine and chlorine with significant impact on wintertime air quality

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National Science review 2021年第7期8卷 99-109页

作者： Xiang Peng Weihao Wang Men Xia Hui Chen A.r.ravishankara Qinyi Li Alfonso Saiz-Lopez Pengfei Liu Fei Zhang Chenglong Zhang Likun Xue Xinfeng Wang Christian george Jinhe Wang Yujing Mu Jianmin Chen Tao Wang Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Hong Kong Polytechnic University Department of Environmental Science and Engineering and Institute of Atmospheric Sciences Fudan University Departments of Atmospheric Science and Chemistry Colorado State UniversityFort Collins Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate Institute of Physical Chemistry RocasolanoCSIC 5. Research Center forEco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 6. Environment Research Institute Shandong University 7. Univ Lyon Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1 CNRSIRCELYON 8. School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Shandong Jianzhu University

Halogen atoms affect the budget of ozone and the fate of pollutants such as hydrocarbons and *** their sources and significances in polluted continental regions are poorly understood. Here we report the observation of unprecedented levels(averaging at 60 parts per trillion) of bromine chloride(Br Cl) at a mid-latitude site in North China during winter. Widespread coal burning in rural households and a photo-assisted process were the primary source of BrCl and other bromine gases. BrCl contributed about55% of both bromine and chlorine atoms. The halogen atoms increased the abundance of ‘conventional’tropospheric oxidants(OH, HO2and rO2) by 26%–73%, and enhanced oxidation of hydrocarbon by nearly a factor of two and the net ozone production by 55%. Our study reveals the significant role of reactive halogen in winter atmospheric chemistry and the deterioration of air quality in continental regions where uncontrolled coal combustion is prevalent.

关键词： BrCl reactive halogen oxidation coal burning air pollution North China

Altitude of the upper boundary of AAr based on observations of ion beams in inverted-V structures:A case study

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Science China Earth Sciences 2016年第7期59卷 1489-1497页

作者： CUI YanBo FU SuiYan ZONG QiuGang XIE Lun SUN WeiJie ZHAO Duo WU Tong george PArKS School of Earthand Space Sciences Peking University Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Space Sciences Laboratory University of CaliforniaBerkeley

Outflowing ion beams forming four successive inverted-V structures in the energy-time spectrograms of H+, He+, and O+ were observed at an altitude of 3.4 rE by Cluster satellites travelling above the auroral acceleration region (AAr) in the southern hemisphere on February 14, 2001. Energization by negative U-shaped potential structures in the AAr is believed to be responsible for the formation of these outflowing ion inverted-V structures. Thus, utilizing the different motion properties of the three ion species, the altitude of the upper boundary of the AAr is estimated to be ~11100 km. Moreover, based on multi-satellite observations, each of these U-shaped potential structures involved in this event crosses the latitudinal direction at ~0.4°–1° invariantlatitude (ILAT), moving poleward at an average speed of ~0.2° ILAT per minute, before disappearing at ~71.5° ILAT.

关键词： Outflowing ion beams Inverted-V structure Auroral acceleration region U-shaped potential structure Altitude of upper boundary

Non-Assembly Walking Mechanism Utilizing a Hexapod Gait

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Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Technology 2022年第4期2卷 158-163页

作者： george Jackson-Mills Andrew r.Barber Andrew Blight Andrew Pickering Jordan H.Boyle Bilal Kaddouh robert C.richardson rEAL robotics Lab Institute of DesignRoboticsand Optimisation(iDRO)Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of LeedsLeeds LS29DYWest YorkshireUK Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering Delft University of TechnologyDelftNetherlands

Small inspection robots allow for the optimal exploration of environments and the collection of data from challenging areas,particularly where there may be small access points or tight and fragile *** robots can be custom-built for specific tasks,but the design and assembly process for this can be costly,both in resources and assembly *** use of 3D printing to create Non-Assembly mechanisms can assist in saving time and resources by reducing the number of different components required and removing the necessity for complex assembly *** iterating on previous work performed in the institute,this paper introduces a novel robot design to push the capabilities of Non-Assembly *** building on previous knowledge,this new walking robot improves on the previous iteration by creating a more robust and reliable system,more capable of effectively exploring challenging environments accurately,while still using practices designed to save on cost and production *** tests were performed to provide an accurate comparison against the previous design and highlight the robots marked improvements in positional accuracy over its predecessor.

关键词： robot 3D printing walking hexapod

Temporal and spatial study of differently charged ions emitted by ns-laser-produced tungsten plasmas using time-of-flight mass spectroscopy

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Plasma Science and Technology 2021年第9期23卷 176-183页

作者： Ding WU george C-Y CHAN Xianglei MAO Yu LI richard E rUSSO Hongbin DING Vassilia ZOrBA School of Physics Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024People's Republic of China Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA 94720United States of America Department of Mechanical Engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720United States of America

Tungsten(W)is an important material in tokamak walls and *** W ion charge state distribution and the dynamic behavior of ions play important roles in the investigation of plasma–wall interactions using laser-ablation-based diagnostics such as laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and laser-induced ablation *** this work,we investigate the temporal and spatial evolutions of differently charged ions in a nanosecond-laser-produced W plasma in vacuum using time-of-flight mass *** with different charge states from 1 to 7(W+to W7+)are all *** temporal evolutions of the differently charged ions show that ions with higher charge states have higher velocities,indicating that space separation occurs between the differently charged ion ***-resolved mass spectroscopy measurements further demonstrate the separation *** temporal profile can be accurately fitted by a shifted Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution,and the velocities of the differently charged ions are also obtained from the *** is found that the ion velocities increase continuously from the measured position of 0.75 cm to 2.25 cm away from the target surface,which indicates that the acceleration process lasts through the period of plasma *** acceleration and space separation of the differently charged ions confirm that there is a dynamic plasma sheath in the laser-produced plasma,which provides essential information for the theoretical laser-ablation model with plasma formation and expansion.

关键词： laser ablation temporal and spatial evolution time-of-flight mass spectroscopy spatial separation differently charged ions

3D printed on-chip microtoroid resonators and nested spiral photonic devices

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Photonics research 2021年第9期9卷 1803-1810页

作者： HONGWEI GAO george F.r.CHEN PENG XING JU WON CHOI DAWN T.H.TAN Photonics Devices and Systems Group Singapore University of Technology and DesignSingapore 487372Singapore Institute of Microelectronics A*STARSingapore 138634Singapore

An integrated polymer microtoroid resonator system fabricated using single-step,two-photon polymerization laser lithography is *** integrated microtoroid-waveguide system includes an integrated coupling waveguide for ease of optical coupling and has a quality factor of 16,*** further demonstrate a nested doublespiral waveguide that allows higher spatial density of data,akin to a macroscopic form of space-division *** characterization reveals good transmission properties in the double-spiral waveguide *** addition,the waveguides are demonstrated to support 30 Gb/s nonreturn-to-zero and 28 Gb/s pulse amplitude modulation 4 high-speed data.

关键词： Gb/s waveguide resonator