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Small Ubiquitin-Like Modifier Conjugating Enzyme with Active Site Mutation Acts as Dominant Negative Inhibitor of SUMO Conjugation in Arabidopsis

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2013年第1期55卷 75-82页

作者： Konstantin Tomanov Christian Hardtke ruchika Budhiraja rebecca Hermkes george Coupland Andreas Bachmair Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Max F. Perutz Laboratories Center for Molecular Biology University of Vienna Department of Plant Molecular Biology University of Lausanne Department of Plant Developmental Biology Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research

Small ubiquitin-like modifier （SUMO） conjugation affects a broad range of processes in plants, including growth, flower initiation, pathogen defense, and responses to abiotic stress. Here, we investigate in vivo and in vitro a SUMO conjugating enzyme with a Cys to Ser change in the active site, and show that it has a dominant negative effect. In planta expression significantly perturbs normal development, leading to growth retardation, early flowering and gene expression changes. We suggest that the mutant protein can serve as a probe to investigate sumoylation, also in plants for which poor genetic infrastructure precludes analysis via loss-of-function mutants.

关键词： Agroinfection conjugating enzyme dominant-negative active site mutation small ubiquitin-like modifier conjugation small ubiquitin-like modifier.

Estimating tree and stand sapwood area in spatially heterogeneous southeastern Australian forests

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2016年第3期9卷 272-284页

作者： Dominik Jaskierniak george Kuczera richard G.Benyon Arko Lucieer Department of Ecosystem and Forest Science University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoria 3010Australia School of Engineering University of NewcastleCallaghanNew South Wales 2308Australia School of Land and Food University of TasmaniaSandy BayTasmania 7005Australia

Aims Natural and anthropogenic changes in forests can have important influences on transpiration and water *** the effects of increasing disturbances,due for example to climate change and forest harvesting,requires detailed information on how forest density and structural attributes relate to *** annual transpiration of eucalypt forest communities is often strongly correlated with total cross-sectional sapwood *** aim was to test an efficient method for estimating sapwood area at_(1.3)m height(SA_(1.3))in a large number of trees to understand the spatial heterogeneity of tree and stand sapwood area within and between forest communities,and develop allometric relationships that predict SA_(1.3)with forest inventory *** also apply tree competition models to determine the degree to which the relationship between SA_(1.3)and tree basal area at_(1.3)m height(BABA_(1.3))is influenced by *** We visited 25 recently harvested southeastern Australian forest sites consisting of 1379 trees and 5 Eucalyptus species to evaluate a new efficient data collection method for estimating SA_(1.3)with tree taper and stump dimensions data using mixed effects *** locations of 784 stumps within one 5-ha site were accurately mapped using an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV),and four distance-dependent tree competition models were applied across the site to explain within-stand variation in the ratio of SA_(1.3)to BABA_(1.3).Data from 24 additional sites,consisting of ten 15 m radial plots per site,were used to analyse within-site variation in r_(Ha)(the ratio of stand sapwood area SA_(Ha)to stand basal area BABA_(Ha)).The radial plots were merged within each site to evaluate between-site variations in r_(Ha)across the *** predicting SA_(Ha)with forest inventory data,we computed the relationship between SA_(Ha)and a new index of total stem perimeter per hectare,defined as√BA_(Ha)N_(T),where N_(T)is tree stocking density.

关键词： forest hydrology stand sapwood area spatial heterogeneity tree competition overstorey transpiration forest inventory

New insights into renal lipid dysmetabolism in diabetic kidney disease

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World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第5期12卷 524-540页

作者： Alla Mitrofanova george Burke Sandra Merscher Alessia Fornoni Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center University of MiamiMiller School of MedicineMiamiFL 33136United States Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Department of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiller School of MedicineMiamiFL 33136United States Department of Surgery University of MiamiMiller School of MedicineMiamiFL 33136United States Diabetes research Institute University of MiamiMiller School of MedicineMiamiFL 33136United States

Lipid dysmetabolism is one of the main features of diabetes mellitus and manifests by dyslipidemia as well as the ectopic accumulation of lipids in various tissues and organs,including the *** suggests that impaired cholesterol metabolism,increased lipid uptake or synthesis,increased fatty acid oxidation,lipid droplet accumulation and an imbalance in biologically active sphingolipids(such as ceramide,ceramide-1-phosphate and sphingosine-1-phosphate)contribute to the development of diabetic kidney disease(DKD).Currently,the literature suggests that both quality and quantity of lipids are associated with DKD and contribute to increased reactive oxygen species production,oxidative stress,inflammation,or cell ***,control of renal lipid dysmetabolism is a very important therapeutic goal,which needs to be *** article will review some of the recent advances leading to a better understanding of the mechanisms of dyslipidemia and the role of particular lipids and sphingolipids in DKD.

关键词： Diabetes Lipids Free fatty acids ATP-binding cassette transporters sub-class A Sterol-O-acyltransferase 1 CD36 Sphingolipids Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase acid-like 3b Diabetic kidney disease

PrELIMINArY STUDY ON SKIN CANCEr DETECTION IN SENCAr MICE USING MUELLEr OPTICAL COHErENCE TOMOGrAPHY

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2009年第3期2卷 289-294页

作者： MILOˇS TODOrOVI´C SHULIANG JIAO george STOICA LIHONG V.WANG Department of Biomedical Engineering Texas A&M University College StationTexas 77843-3120USA Department of Ophthalmology Keck School of Medicine University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCalifornia 90033USA Department of Pathobiology Texas A&M University College StationTexas 77843-5547USA

We report on the use of a fiber-based Mueller-matrix optical coherence tomography(OCT)system with continuous source-polarization modulation for in vivo imaging of early stages of skin cancer in SENCAr mice.A homemade hand-held probe with integrated optical scanning and beam delivering optics was coupled in the sample *** OCT images show the morphological changes in skin resulting from pre-cancerous papilloma formations that are consistent with histology,thus demonstrating the system’s potential for early skin cancer detection.

关键词： Coherence imaging medical and biological imaging optical coherence tomography birefringence polarization turbid media

Microwave Catalytic Depolymerization of Polyethylene Terephthalate Plastic to the Monomers

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CCS Chemistry 2023年第12期5卷 2818-2831页

作者： Zhe Yuan Jianlong Yang george Manos Junwang Tang Department of Chemical Engineering University College LondonLondon WC1E 7JE(United Kingdom) Key Lab of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education The Energy and Catalysis HubCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest UniversityXi’an Industrial Catalysis Center Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing

Plastic waste management has emerged as a critical environmental issue due to the exponential increase in plastic consumption *** terephthalate(PET)is extensively used in the production of water bottles,which constitutes a significant fraction of the plastic *** recycling is a challenging task due to the lack of efficient and cost-effective depolymerization *** this study,we developed a microwave(MW)catalytic depolymerization method for PET recycling using modified zinc oxide loaded with manganese oxide as a *** modified Mn_(3)O_(4)/ZnO catalyst presents high efficiency in depolymerizing PET into its monomers with only 0.4 wt% ratio of the catalyst to PET at 175℃ for 5 min,resulting in 100% conversion of PET and 88% selectivity toward bis-hydroxyethyl terephthalate *** is believed that Mn_(3)O_(4)provides additional Lewis acid sites,promoting the dissociation of glycol from PET,and the MW irradiation plays a crucial role in rapidly heating the ethylene glycol and the catalyst,thereby accelerating the PET depolymerization *** addition,the heterogeneous nature of the catalyst facilitates its easy separation from the reaction mixture for reuse,simplifying the catalyst recovery process and enabling costeffective and sustainable PET ***,this study provides an innovative and sustainable solution for PET recycling,contributing toward the circular economy and mitigating the environmental impact of plastic waste.

关键词： polyethylene terephthalate plastic recycling microwave catalysis depolymerization bishydroxyethyl terephthalate monomers

Optimization of wheat debranning using laboratory equipment for ethanol production

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2014年第6期7卷 54-66页

作者： Elizabeth george Bayartoghtok rentsen Lope G.Tabil Venkatesh Meda Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSK S7N 5A9Canada

Ethanol production from starchy cereal grains is increasing rapidly due to increasing demand for alternative *** Canada,wheat is the primary feedstock in ethanol *** improve the productivity of the ethanol plants in terms of product quality and yield,debranning of wheat grains may be *** is advantageous in two ***,bran removal increases the starch content of the feedstock,improving the fermentation efficiency of the ethanol ***,bran,a valuable co-product can be used as an animal feed *** this study,experiments to optimize the debranning process were carried out using two kinds of abrasive equipment,the Satake and the TADD(tangential abrasive dehulling device)*** samples(30 and 200 g)were debranned in the Satake mill at 1215,1412,and 1515 r/min rotational speeds,30,36,and 40 grit sizes,and 30,60,and 90 s retention times,and in the TADD mill at 900 r/min rotational speed,30,36,50,and 80 grit sizes,and 120,180,240,and 300 s retention *** addition to debranning efficiency,the starch separation efficiencies of the two mills were calculated in different debranning *** the Satake mill,the 30 g and 200 g sample size,1412 r/min and 1515 r/min rotational speeds,all grit sizes,and 60 s of retention time demonstrated the highest debranning ***,optimal results in the TADD mill were obtained with 200 g sample size,900 r/min rotational speed,50 and 80 grit sizes,and 180 s and 240 s retention ***,based on the experimental results,Satake mill provided better debranning values compared to the TADD *** starch separation efficiency values supported these results.

关键词： wheat debranning ethanol production Satake mill tangential abrasive dehulling device grit size retention time rotational speed starch separation efficiency

A ten-year experience of inferior vena cava reconstruction for malignancy:The importance of a multidisciplinary approach with hepatobiliary surgery

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2020年第4期19卷 396-398页

作者： Maria r.Baimas-george ryan C.Pickens Jesse K.Sulzer Dionisios Vrochides John B.Martinie David M.Levi David A.Iannitti Division of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Department of SurgeryCarolinas Medical Center1025 Morehead Medical DriveSuite 600CharlotteNC 28204USA Division of Transplant Surgery Department of SurgeryCarolinas Medical CenterCharlotteNCUSA

To the Editor,Tumor invasion of the inferior vena cava(IVC)through direct erosion is a rare and poor prognostic feature of aggressive hepatic or perihepatic malignancies[1,2].Literature shows poor response to chemotherapy,such that resection often is the only option for improved survival[3].Multidisciplinary collaborations can expand technical options;incorporation of transplant techniques has led to successful r0 resection involving difficult vascular reconstruction and extended resection[4,5].This study describes and analyzes the ten-year collaborative experience of hepatobiliary(HPB)surgeons in management of malignancies involving the perihepatic IVC.

关键词： hepato hepatic invasion

High-throughput computational discovery of In_(2)Mn_(2)O_(7) as a high Curie temperature ferromagnetic semiconductor for spintronics

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npj Computational Materials 2019年第1期5卷 529-535页

作者： Wei Chen Janine george Joel B.Varley Gian-Marco rignanese Geoffroy Hautier Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanoscicence(IMCN) Universitécatholique de Louvain1348 Louvain-la-NeuveBelgium Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCA 94550USA

Materials combining strong ferromagnetism and good semiconducting properties are highly desirable for spintronic applications(e.g.,in spin-filtering devices).In this work,we conduct a search for concentrated ferromagnetic semiconductors through highthroughput computational *** screening reveals the limited availability of semiconductors combining ferromagnetism and a low effective *** identify the manganese pyrochlore oxide In_(2)Mn_(2)O_(7) as especially promising for spin transport as it combines low electron effective mass(0.29m0),a large exchange splitting of the conduction band(1.1 eV),stability in air,and a Curie temperature(about 130 K)among the highest of concentrated ferromagnetic *** rationalise the high performance of In_(2)Mn_(2)O_(7) by the unique combination of a pyrochlore lattice favouring ferromagnetism with an adequate alignment of O–2p,Mn–3d,and In–5s forming a dispersive conduction band while enhancing the Curie temperature.

关键词： temperature ferromagnetic semiconductors

Bi-Orthogonal fPINN:A Physics-Informed Neural Network Method for Solving Time-Dependent Stochastic Fractional PDEs

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Communications in Computational Physics 2023年第9期34卷 1133-1176页

作者： Lei Ma rongxin Li Fanhai Zeng Ling Guo george Em Karniadakis Department of Mathematics Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China School of Mathematics Shandong UniversityShandong 250100China Division of Applied Mathematics Brown UniversityProvidenceRI 02906USAand School of EngineeringBrown UniversityProvidenceRI 02906USA

Fractional partial differential equations(FPDEs)can effectively represent anomalous transport and nonlocal ***,inherent uncertainties arise naturally in real applications due to random forcing or unknown material *** models considering nonlocal interactions with uncertainty quantification can be formulated as stochastic fractional partial differential equations(SFPDEs).There are many challenges in solving SFPDEs numerically,especially for long-time integration since such problems are high-dimensional and ***,we combine the bi-orthogonal(BO)method for representing stochastic processes with physicsinformed neural networks(PINNs)for solving partial differential equations to formulate the bi-orthogonal PINN method(BO-fPINN)for solving time-dependent ***,we introduce a deep neural network for the stochastic solution of the time-dependent SFPDEs,and include the BO constraints in the loss function following a weak *** automatic differentiation is not currently applicable to fractional derivatives,we employ discretization on a grid to compute the fractional derivatives of the neural network *** weak formulation loss function of the BO-fPINN method can overcome some drawbacks of the BO methods and thus can be used to solve SFPDEs with eigenvalue ***,the BO-fPINN method can be used for inverse SFPDEs with the same framework and same computational complexity as for forward *** demonstrate the effectiveness of the BO-fPINN method for different benchmark ***,we first consider an SFPDE with eigenvalue crossing and obtain good results while the original BO method *** then solve several forward and inverse problems governed by SFPDEs,including problems with noisy initial *** study the effect of the fractional order as well as the number of the BO modes on the accuracy of the BO-fPINN *** results demonstrate the flexibility and efficiency

关键词： Scientific machine learning uncertainty quantification stochastic fractional differential equations PINNs inverse problems