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Targeted community based interventions improved malaria management competencies in rural Ghana

Global Health Research and Policy 2017年第1期2卷 64-73页

作者： Isabella A.Quakyi george o.adjei David J.Sullivan Jr Judith K.Stephens Amos Laar Vivian N.Ama Aubyn Richmond owusu Kwame S.Sakyi Nathaniel Coleman Francis D.Krampa Linda Vanotoo Julliette Tuakli Bernard B.Bortei Edward Essuman Felix Sorvor Isaac A.Boateng Constance Bart-Plange Ebenezer A.Addison Peter Winch Andrew A.adjei Department of Biological Environmental and Occupational Health SciencesSchool of Public HealthCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of GhanaP.O.Box LG 13LegonAccraGhana office of Research Innovation and DevelopmentUniversity of GhanaLegonAccraGhana Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health615 N.Wolfe StBaltimoreMD 21205USA Department of Population Familyand Reproductive HealthSchool of Public HealthUniversity of GhanaLegonAccraGhana National Malaria Control Programme Ministry of HealthAccraGhana Department of Health Policy Planning and ManagementSchool of Public HealthUniversity of GhanaLegonAccraGhana Department of International Health Social and Behavioural Interventions ProgramJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health615 N.Wolfe StBaltimoreMD 21205USA Department of Biochemistry Cell and Molecular BiologyUniversity of GhanaLegonAccraGhana Regional Health Directorate Ghana Health ServicesAccraGhana Child and Associates AccraGhana Asante-Akim Central Municipal Health Directorate Ghana Health ServicesKonongoGhana Kpone Katamanso District Health Directorate Ghana Health ServicesKponeTemaGhana Worldwide Universities Network University of GhanaP.O.Box LG 13LegonAccraGhana

Background:Malaria is one of the most challenging public health concerns in the developing *** address its impact in endemic regions,several interventions are implemented by *** Affordable Medicine Facility-malaria(AMFm)is an example of such *** activities include communication interventions to enhance the knowledge of caregivers of children under five years,licensed chemical sellers(LCS)and prescribers on malaria management with artemisinin-based combination therapy(ACT).This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the AMFm activities on malaria among targeted groups in two rural communities in ***:A communication intervention study was conducted in the Asante-Akim North and South Districts of *** cross-sectional pre and post surveys were *** malaria messages were designed and used to develop the information,education and communication(IEC)tools for the *** the aid of posters and flipcharts developed by our study,community health workers(CHWs),prescribers,and licenced chemical sellers provided proper counselling to clients on malaria *** CHWs and community based volunteers educated caregivers of children under five years on malaria management at their homes and at public gatherings such as churches,mosques,***-square tests and logistic regression were run to determine associations and control for demographic differences ***:There was significantly high exposure to malaria/ACT interventions in the intervention district than in the comparison district(oR=16.02;95%CI=7.88–32.55)and same for malaria/ACT-related knowledge(oR=3.63;95%CI=2.52–5.23).The participants in the intervention district were also more knowledgeable about correct administration of dispersible drug for childrenounterparts in the unexposed ***:our data show that targeted interventions improve malaria based competences in rural commun

关键词： malaria district gathering

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Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Polychlorinated Biphenyl Residues in Tropical Soils

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open Journal of Applied Sciences 2016年第4期6卷 234-247页

作者： John K. Bentum David K. Dodoo Peter K. Kwakye David K. Essumang george A. adjei Department of Chemistry College of Agric & Natural Sciences University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana University College of Agriculture and Environmental Studies Bunso Eastern Region Ghana

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in tropical soil samples from the Central Region of Ghana, and their variation with the soil characteristics were assessed. The soil characteristics of seventy eight samples were first determined. The PCBs was extracted with (1:1) hexane:acetone mixture, and then the extract treated with concentrated H2So4, 5% KMno4 and copper. The extract was finally eluted from a silica gel column with hexane:dichloromethane (97:3 v/v), and the PCBs analyzed using a gas chromatograph equipped with 63Ni electron capture detector (GC-ECD model CP 3800). The composition of PCBs homologous in the soils followed the order: hexa-PCBs (31.89%) > penta- PCBs (23.98%) > tri-PCBs (18.47%) > tetra-PCBs (13.67%) > hepta-PCBs (11.99%). The PCB congener profile in the study area was PCB 28 > PCB 153 > PCB 138 > PCB 52 > PCB 101 > PCB 180 > PCB 118. The mean concentration of the PCB congeners (dry matter basis) was PCB 28, 2.27 ± 2.436;PCB 52, 1.84 ± 2.27;PCB 101, 2.17 ± 2.52 μg/kg;PCB 118, 0.83 ± 0.89 μg/kg;PCB 138, 0.99 + 0.91 μg/kg;PCB 153, 1.18 ± 1.11 μg/kg and PCB 180, 1.18 ± 1.19 μg/kg. The mean concentrations of ΣPCBs were 9.15 ± 0.52 μg/kg for the surface soils (0 - 10 cm), 7.55 ± 0.56 μg/kg and 7.82 ± 0.55 μg/kg for the 10 - 20 cm and 20 - 30 cm sub-surface soils respectively. Significant but weak correlations were observed between PCBs and the soil pH, moisture, and exchangeable base. The coefficient of determination for all significant correlations was between 6.6% and 18.75%.

关键词： Polychlorinated Biphenyls Soil Properties Principal Component Analysis Contamination

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Management of Carotid Carvenous Fistula in Ghana;Challenges and opportunities

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Surgical Science 2020年第11期11卷 354-364页

作者： Ronald Awoonor-Williams Raphael Kofi Vowotor Frank Nketiah-Boakye george Asafo Adjaye Frimpong Angelina Ampong Joseph adjei Kwarteng Pierre Kusi Aidoo Amankwah Michael Leat General Surgery Unit Directorate of Surgery Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana Neurosurgery Unit Directorate of Surgery Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana Department of Radiology School of Medical Sciences College of Health Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Radiology Unit Directorate of Diagnostics Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana Directorate of ophthamology Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana Directorate of Trauma and orthopaedics Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana

Carotid-cavernous fistula is an abnormal communication between the carotid artery and the cavernous sinus. The fistula is classified based on its etiology, haemodynamic and anatomical configuration. The most common type is the direct high flow fistula resulting from trauma. Indirect fistula which is less common results from underlying conditions such as hypertension, collagen vascular diseases, pregnancy amongst others. It is in regards with this uncommon occurrence of indirect fistula that we report a case of forty years old woman who presented with a left protruding eyeball and headache a month after delivery and was diagnosed with spontaneous type D indirect carotid cavernous fistula with rapidly progressing symptoms. She was referred abroad for interventional radiological services due to unavailability of such services in our facility and country.

关键词： Carotid-Cavernous Fistula Direct Indirect Spontaneous Pregnancy Interventional and Radiological

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Family Planning Needs of Adolescents in Predominantly Rural Communities in the Central Part of Ghana

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open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2015年第6期5卷 269-279页

作者： Yeetey Enuameh obed Ernest Nettey Emmanuel Mahama Charlotte Tawiah Ellen Boamah Abubakari Sulemana george adjei Stephanie Gyaase Samuel Afari Asiedu Alexander Manu Charles Zandoh Kwaku Poku Asante Seth owusu-Agyei Kintampo Health Research Centre (KHRC) Kintampo Ghana

The manuscript presents findings of a descriptive analysis of data from a cross-sectional study of adolescents aimed at identifying their family planning needs and the best approaches to addressing them in the Kintampo Districts of Ghana. Data for the paper were from the family planning module of a sexual and reproductive health survey carried out by the Kintampo Health and Demographic Surveillance System in 2011. Adolescents in this study recorded high marital (1.6% females and 0.4% males) and pregnancy rates (11.5% females and 1.5% males). Their knowledge of contraceptive methods was high (87.7% females and 82% males), but utilization was low (17.9% females and 6% males). Most study participants viewed family planning as important to their health and wellbeing (59.6% females and 58.6% males). A minority of adolescents were of the perception that contraceptive use was solely the responsibility of women (41.1% females and 32.4% males);and that the use of contraceptives could lead to promiscuity among women (43.8% females and 42.5% males). Those adolescents who previously had unwanted pregnancies would have accepted some help in preventing it (33.1% females and 9.1% males). Recommendations made by respondents included creating a friendly atmosphere by care providers for family planning services delivery to adolescents. other suggestions were ensuring that family planning services are available and accessible to adolescents, and educating adolescents on the diverse methods available.

关键词： Adolescents Family Planning Contraceptives Kintampo Ghana

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Making Family Planning Services Relevant to Adolescents: Perspectives from Rural Communities in Central Ghana

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open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2014年第11期4卷 852-859页

作者： Yeetey Enuameh Charlotte Tawiah Samuel Afari-Asiedu obed Ernest A. Nettey Abubakari Sulemana Emmanuel Mahama george adjei Ellen Boamah Alex Manu Stephanie Gyaase Charles Zandoh Nelson Amanfo Kwaku Poku Asante Timothy Letsa Seth owusu-Agyei Kintampo Health Research Centre (KHRC) Kintampo Ghana Drexel University School of Public Health Philadelphia USA Regional Health Directorate Ghana Health Service Sunyani Ghana

In lower middle-income countries like Ghana, it is common to find low contraceptive use among adolescents with corresponding high pregnancy outcomes. Evidence points to the fact that the use of contraceptives prevents maternal, neonatal and infant deaths, but in most lower middle-income countries, socio-cultural practices inhibit adolescents’ use. Ensuring the uptake of family planning among adolescents is deemed a necessary means of reducing maternal, neonatal and infant mor-tality. This manuscript seeks to provide contextually relevant approaches to satisfying family planning needs of adolescents in a population lacking it. We employed a qualitative study design from an interpretive paradigm with phenomenology as the methodology to understand societal attitudes towards family planning delivery to adolescents, so as to arrive at contextually appro-priate ways of providing family planning to this needy group. Focused group discussions and in-depth interviews techniques were used in data collection among adolescents, relevant commu-nity opinion leaders and family planning & health services providers. Themes that emerged from data analysis with respect to “perspectives on family planning care delivery to adolescents” and “best ways in addressing adolescents’ family planning needs” are presented, followed by discussion of the issues emerging. A significant and encouraging finding of the study was that opinion leaders and healthcare providers viewed family planning as a means of protecting adolescents against pregnancies and their complications. A key recommendation is for policy makers and political leaders to enact legislations that enable adolescents to have friendly family planning service delivery in all places and at all times.

关键词： Adolescents Young People Family Planning Kintampo Ghana

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Family Planning Awareness, Perceptions and Practice among Community Members in the Kintampo Districts of Ghana

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Advances in Reproductive Sciences 2015年第1期3卷 1-12页

作者： obed Ernest A. Nettey Yeetey A. Enuameh Emmanuel Mahama Abubakari Sulemana george adjei Stephaney Gyaase Samuel Afari-Asiedu Robert Adda Abena Konadu Yawson Gifty Fosuaa Nuamah Edward Apraku Anane Livesy Abokyi Charles Zandoh Martha Abdulai Ellen Abrafi Boamah Kwame adjei Seeba Amenga-Etego Francis Dzabeng Charlotte Tawiah-Agyeman Frank Baiden Kwaku Poku Asante Seth owusu-Agyei Kintampo Health Research Centre Kintampo Ghana Drexel University School of Public Health Philadelphia USA

Family planning is known to prevent maternal deaths, but some social norms, limited supplies and inconsistent use makes this difficult to achieve in most low- and middle-income countries. In spite of the high fertility levels in most sub-Saharan African countries and the potential economic benefits of family planning, its patronage remains very low in the sub-region. This study was with the objective of identifying the levels of awareness, utilization, access to and perceptions about family planning and contraception. A cross-sectional study design was used for the study, with data collected from multiple sources using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Relevant findings included a marked disconnect between family planning/contraceptive knowledge and use. The pills and injectables were the most frequently used, but females in the study population poorly patronised emergency contraception. Supplies of most family planning methods were found to be health facility based, requiring clients to have to necessarily go there for services. Some respondents harboured perceptions that family planning was the responsibility of females alone and that it fuelled promiscuity among female users. Recommendations made include ensuring that health facilities had adequate staff and expertise to provide facility-based family planning services and also to disabuse the minds of community members of the negative perceptions towards family planning.

关键词： Family Planning Contraception Reproductive Health Kintampo Ghana

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Contribution of the Advanced Research Laboratories at the Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research (NMIMR) to SARS-CoV-2 Testing in Ghana

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Health 2022年第1期14卷 125-136页

作者： Darius N. K. Quansah Ivy A. Asante Evelyn Y. Bonney Evangeline obodai Mildred A. Adusei-Poku James Aboagye Susan Adu-Amankwah Samuel adjei Richard Akuffo Helena Lamptey george B. Kyei John K. odoom William K. Ampofo Joseph H. K. Bonney Department of Virology Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research University of Ghana Legon Accra Ghana West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens College of Basic and Applied Sciences University of Ghana Legon Accra Ghana Department of Medical Microbiology University of Ghana Medical School Accra Ghana Medical and Scientific Research Directorate University of Ghana Medical Centre Legon Accra Ghana Department of Epidemiology Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research University of Ghana Legon Accra Ghana Department of Animal Experimentation Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research University of Ghana Legon Accra Ghana Department of Immunology Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research University of Ghana Legon Accra Ghana

In March 2020, the first cases of SARS-CoV-2 were reported in Accra, Ghana. These initial cases were diagnosed at the Advanced Research Laboratories (ARL) of the Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research (NMIMR), University of Ghana. The ARL which hitherto was used for routine clinical research in viral, bacteria and immunological studies has since been the facility of choice for testing for all suspected cases of CoVID-19 submitted from across Ghana and beyond. The success of testing at the ARL hinged on the availability of several laboratory spaces furnished with state-of-the-art diagnostic equipment and working aids. During the “peak season” where overwhelming numbers of clinical specimens were received, the ARL processed and got results for close to four thousand samples daily. After general disinfection and re-bagging into smaller numbers, at the entrance of the ARL, the samples are taken to a central receiving laboratory, where they are received and entered in a database with accompanying case investigation forms. All samples that are successfully sorted and matched are sent to general laboratories for nucleic acid extraction and then referred to the Instrumentation laboratory for real time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). When the RT-PCRs were completed, results were analysed and transmitted via email and/or local network to the data reporting office. The data managers then reported results to the investigators and the Ghana Health Service (GHS). Additionally, the ARL provided a next-generation Genome Sequencing platform in partnership with the West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens at the University of Ghana, which was essential in reporting the genome data of the circulating variants of SARS-CoV-2 in Ghana. Conclusively, it is worth noting, that the NMIMR fulfilled its mandate of supporting the country with specialized diagnostics through the judicious use of the ARL for SARS-CoV-2 testing, from sample re

关键词： Advanced Research Laboratories Polymerase Chain Reaction Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome—Corona Virus 2 Corona Virus Disease 2019

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