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The crossed phrenic phenomenon

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第6期12卷 845-864页

作者： Michael george Zaki Ghali Department of Neurobiology & Anatomy Drexel University College of Medicine

The cervical spine is the most common site of traumatic vertebral column injuries. Respiratory insufficiency constitutes a significant proportion of the morbidity burden and is the most common cause of mortality in these patients. In seeking to enhance our capacity to treat specifically the respiratory dysfunction following spinal cord injury, investigators have studied the “crossed phrenic phenomenon”, wherein contraction of a hemidiaphragm paralyzed by a complete hemisection of the ipsilateral cervical spinal cord above the phrenic nucleus can be induced by respiratory stressors and recovers spontaneously over time. Strengthening of latent contralateral projections to the phrenic nucleus and sprouting of new descending axons have been proposed as mechanisms contributing to the observed recovery. We have recently demonstrated recovery of spontaneous crossed phrenic activity occurring over minutes to hours in C_1-hemisected unanesthetized decerebrate rats. The specific neurochemical and molecular pathways underlying crossed phrenic activity following injury require further clarification. A thorough understanding of these is necessary in order to develop targeted therapies for respiratory neurorehabilitation following spinal trauma. Animal studies provide preliminary evidence for the utility of neuropharmacological manipulation of serotonergic and adenosinergic pathways, nerve grafts, olfactory ensheathing cells, intraspinal microstimulation and a possible role for dorsal rhizotomy in recovering phrenic activity following spinal cord injury.

关键词： crossed traumatic spontaneously olfactory diaphragm descending vertebral spine sprouting minutes

Time derivative of earthquake acceleration

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2005年第1期4卷 1-16页

作者： george C. Lee Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research University at Buffalo Buffalo NY 14261-0025 USAProfessor

Unlike acceleration, velocity, and displacement, the time derivative ofacceleration (TDoA) of ground motion has not been extensively studied. In this paper, the basiccharacteristics of TDoA are evaluated based on records from the 1999 Chi-Chi, earthquake (Mw 7.6)and one of its aftershocks (Mw 6.2). It is found that the maximum TDoA at a free-field station wasover 31,200 cm/s3 (31.8 g/s); and the duration of 'strong' TDoA, between the first and the last timepoints exceeding 2,000 cm/s3 (2 g/s), was almost one minute near the epicenter area. Since groundTDoA sensors are not commonly available, the time series are calculated by direct numericaldifferentiation of acceleration time series. Relative error analysis shows that the error isnon-transitive and total error is within 4%. The density function of TDoA amplitude, frequencycontent and spatial distribution of peak ground jerk (PGJ) are evaluated. The study also includesexamination of some TDoA responses from a seven-story building and comparison of ground TDoA withthe limit TDoA used in the transportation industry for ride comfort. Some potential impacts of TDoAon humans have also been reviewed.

关键词： time derivation of acceleration peak ground jerk acceleration time series earthquake ground motion earthquake effect on human activities

Partitions with Initial Repetitions

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2009年第9期25卷 1437-1442页

作者： george E.ANDREWS The Pennsylvania State University University Park

A variety of interesting connections with modular forms, mock theta functions and Rogers- Ramanujan type identities arise in consideration of partitions in which the smaller integers are repeated as summands more often than the larger summands. In particular, this concept leads to new interpretations of the Rogers Selberg identities and Bailey＇s modulus 9 identities.

关键词： partitions without gaps initial k-repetitions Glaisher's theorem Rogers-Selberg identities Bailey's modulus 9 identities

陪都重庆的灯下黑:袍哥与烟毒治理失败之原因

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历史教学问题 2024年第1期 76-83,91,206页

作者：李靖魏楚雄外交学院外交学与外事管理系 100037 河南大学历史文化学院 475001

烟毒是影响近代中国的一个重大问题。南京国民政府执政后,在国联指导下展开了全面的禁毒运动;甚至在抗战期间迁都重庆后,它也仍未放弃对烟毒的治理。但是,国民政府对于重庆社会乃至整个西南地区的控制深度依赖于地方势力和袍哥组织,因... 详细信息

烟毒是影响近代中国的一个重大问题。南京国民政府执政后,在国联指导下展开了全面的禁毒运动;甚至在抗战期间迁都重庆后,它也仍未放弃对烟毒的治理。但是,国民政府对于重庆社会乃至整个西南地区的控制深度依赖于地方势力和袍哥组织,因为后者在重庆存在已久,已深入到了重庆社会乃至四川的方方面面,甚至包括国民政府的军政系统。然而,袍哥组织本身又是该地区毒品贸易的枢纽和保护伞。如此一来,国民政府在重庆的禁毒措施便难以加以推进,这就是陪都重庆治理烟毒失败的原因,它在很大程度上说明了地方势力在国家治理当中的重要作用。

关键词：烟毒治理袍哥帮会地方势力战时重庆

Habitat fragmentation, vole population fluctuations, and the ROMPA hypothesis: An experimental test using model landscapes

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Integrative Zoology 2016年第6期11卷 469-482页

作者： george O.BATZLI Department of Animal Biology University of IllinoisChampaignIllinoisUSA

Increased habitat fragmentation leads to smaller size of habitat patches and to greater distance between patch*** ROMPA hypothesis(ratio of optimal to marginal patch area)uniquely links vole population fluctuations to the composition of the *** states that as ROMPA decreases(fragmentation increases),vole population fluctuations will increase(including the tendency to display multi-annual cycles in abundance)because decreased proportions of optimal habitat result in greater population declines and longer recovery time after a harsh *** date,only comparative observations in the field have supported the *** paper reports the results of the first experimental test.I used prairie voles,Microtus ochrogaster,and mowed grassland to create model landscapes with 3 levels of ROMPA(high with 25%mowed,medium with 50%mowed and low with 75%mowed).As ROMPA decreased,distances between patches of favorable habitat(high cover)increased owing to a greater proportion of unfavorable(mowed)*** from the first year with intensive live trapping indicated that the preconditions for operation of the hypothesis existed(inversely density dependent emigration and,as ROMPA decreased,increased per capita mortality and decreased per capita movement between optimal patches).Nevertheless,contrary to the prediction of the hypothesis that populations in landscapes with high ROMPA should have the lowest variability,5 years of trapping indicated that variability was lowest with medium *** design of field experiments may never be perfect,but these results indicate that the ROMPA hypothesis needs further rigorous testing.

关键词： experimental landscapes habitat fragmentation Microtus ochrogaster ROMPA hypothesis vole population fluctuations

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家禽红螨(鸡皮刺螨)的意义及防治

养禽与禽病防治 2024年第4期 25-40页

作者： O.A.E.Sparagano D.R.george D.WJ.Harrington A.Giangaspero 刘红(校对) Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Northumbria UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne NE18STUnited Kingdom Poultry Division Chr.Hansen A/S2970 HorsholmDenmark Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie degli Alimenti e dell'AmbienteUniversita di Foggia71121Italy 默沙东动物保健品(上海)有限公司

家禽红螨(鸡皮刺螨)严重威胁世界各地的家禽生产和母鸡健康。鸡皮刺螨不但逐渐被认为是疫病重要的载体,而且有越来越多的报告显示其还可攻击包括人类在内的其他宿主,可见这种害虫对经济的影响变得越来越严重。随着世界各地的家禽生产逐... 详细信息

家禽红螨(鸡皮刺螨)严重威胁世界各地的家禽生产和母鸡健康。鸡皮刺螨不但逐渐被认为是疫病重要的载体,而且有越来越多的报告显示其还可攻击包括人类在内的其他宿主,可见这种害虫对经济的影响变得越来越严重。随着世界各地的家禽生产逐渐脱离传统的笼养方式,鸡皮刺螨在禽群中的影响将变得更加普遍,防控将变得更加困难。尽管已有耐药性和治疗失败的报告,但鸡皮刺螨的防治仍以合成杀螨剂为主。目前在鸡皮刺螨及螨虫管理的专项研究报告中已经提出一些替代防治措施。尽管许多替代防治措施仍处于商业化前期阶段,但仍有部分措施已经逐渐进入市场。本综述汇集了日益扩充的鸡皮刺螨的研究,并评估了其当前和未来可供选择的防控措施。得出的结论是,鸡皮刺螨防治的重大进展最有可能来自综合防控的措施,将最新的研究融入到现有的和新型的防治策略中,这种融合将改进的监测和建模相结合,更好地为治疗和干预该病提供信息支持。

关键词：鸡母鸡体外寄生虫兽医害虫防治

Urban China in Transformation:Hybrid Economy,Juxtaposed Space,and New Testing Ground for Geographical Enquiries

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Chinese Geographical Science 2011年第1期21卷 1-16页

作者： george C S LIN Department of Geography University of Hong Kong

History has brought us into a significant moment when the majority of the human kind has taken up resi-dence in urban settlements. The focus of global urbanization has shifted to the developing world and the center of manufacturing is no longer confined to the Global North. This paper provides a periodical assessment of the current status of China's urban transformation in the global context of a shifting emphasis of industrialization and urbaniza-tion. China's phenomenal urban transformation deserves a special attention not only because of its unparalleled scale and speed but also because of its distinct trajectory of growth that does not conform to normal theoretical ex-pectations. The results of assessment revealed an urban economy with remarkable hybridity, a society that is in-creasingly stratified, polarized, and segregated, and a juxtaposed urban space undergoing restless and pervasive transformation. A decentering world should entail a decentering knowledge production. A critical reflection upon the Chinese patterns and processes of urban transformation has identified 4 main issues with great potentials for inno-vative knowledge production, namely: 1) privatization and economic development; 2) state, society, and space; 3) urbanization of capital, labor, and land; and 4) the environment and Chinese political ecology. The paper closes with the remark that a rapidly transforming urban China has presented itself as a fertile and resourceful testing ground for critical and innovative geographic enquiries.

关键词： urban geography urbanization Chinese cities political economy China

Two uncommon manifestations of leptospirosis:Sweet's syndrome and central nervous system vasculitis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第1期4卷 83-84页

作者： Peter george Department of Medicine Yenepoya Medical CollegeMangaloreS India

To leptospirosis is the commonest spirocheatal infection in the tropical and temperate countries of Indian sub-continent and Africa and the most common zoonosis *** protean manifestation of this infectious disease is a challenge for practising clinicians across the world. In poor developing countries,at most clinical suspicion it is essential in the diagnosis of this *** this report,we are able to document two uncommon manifestations of leptospirosis, namely Sweet’s syndrome and central nervous system vasculitis.

关键词： Leptospirosis Sweet’s syndrome Central nervous system vasculitis

A review of the day-ahead natural gas consumption in Denmark:starting point towards forecasting accuracy improvement

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2021年第1期8卷 1-22页

作者： Orhan AltuğKarabiber george Xydis Department of Business Development and Technology Aarhus UniversityBirk Centerpark 157400HerningDenmark

Natural gas consumption forecasting is crucial for transmission system operators,distribution system operators,traders,and other players in the *** work collects natural gas forecasting scientific works in accordance with the forecasting tool used by Energinet,the Danish transmission system *** work provides an analytical description on the long-term stability and security of the natural gas transmission system in *** work offers a detailed scientific directory on natural gas forecasting,presenting the so far vaguely described market in a more structured *** paper was focused on presenting the latest findings on identifying the selection each time of the appropriate prognostic model for each application based on:①the option for supporting double seasonality,②various exogenous variables,③suitability for day-ahead forecasting,and④ease of use and all these versus Energinet’s current model.

关键词： Natural gas Forecasting Natural gas supply chain Gas infrastructure