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Energy Engineering 2023年第3期120卷 597-616页

作者： M.Soni abraham george Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering Bangalore560078India

The primary aim of the power system grounding is to safeguard the person and satisfying the performance of the power systemtomaintain reliable *** equal conductor spacing grounding grid design,the distribution of the current in the grid is not ***,unequal grid conductor span in which grid conductors are concentrated more at the periphery is safer to practice than equal *** paper presents the comparative analysis of two novel techniques that create unequal spacing among the grid conductors:the least-square curve fitting technique and the compression ratio techniquewith equal grid configuration for both square and rectangular *** Swarm Optimization(PSO)is adopted for finding out one optimal feasible solution among many feasible solutions of equal grid configuration for both square and rectangular *** analysis is also carried out between square and rectangular grids using the least square curve fitting technique as it results in only one unequal grid *** results are obtained by theMATLAB software *** of improvement in ground potential rise,step voltage,touch voltage,and grid resistancewith variation in compression ratios are plotted.

关键词： Ground grid design ground potential rise grid resistance compression ratio least square curve fitting touch voltage step voltage PSO

Case-control analysis of venous thromboembolism risk in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis diagnosed by transient elastography

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第34期11卷 8126-8138页

作者： Mithil Gowda Suresh Maya Gogtay Yuvaraj Singh Lekha Yadukumar Ajay Kumar Mishra george M abraham Department of Internal Medicine Saint Vincent HospitalWorcesterMA 01608United States Department of Hematology and Oncology University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of MassachusettsWorcesterMA 01605United States Internal Medicine The Wright Center for Graduate Medical EducationScrantonPA 18505United States Division of Cardiology Saint Vincent HospitalWorcesterMA 01608United States Internal Medicine Saint Vincent HospitalWorcesterMA 01608United States

BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is the most common cause of chronic liver disease *** have shown a strong association between nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)cirrhosis and portal vein ***,there is paucity of data on the association of NASH and venous thromboembolism(VTE),with one such study predicting a 2.5-fold increased risk for VTE compared to other liver diseases in hospitalized *** mechanism is believed to be a hepatocellular injury,which causes a chronic inflammatory state leading to the unregulated activation of procoagulant *** has been no prior analysis of the degree of steatosis and fibrosis(measured using transient elastography,commonly known as FibroScan)in NASH and its association with *** To examine the association between the degree of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis,quantified by transient elastography,and the incidence of VTE in patients with *** In our case-control study,we included patients with a documented diagnosis of *** excluded patients with inherited thrombophilia,hemoglobinopathy,malignancy,alcohol use disorder,autoimmune hepatitis,and primary biliary *** collected data included age,demographics,tobacco use,recreational drug use,medical history,and vibration controlled transient elastography ***-specific data included the location,type of anticoagulant,need for hospital stay,and history of VTE *** was categorized as S0-S1(mild)and S2-S3(moderate to severe)based on the controlled attenuation parameter *** was classified based on the kilopascal score and graded as F0-F1(Metavir stage),F2,F3,and F4(cirrhosis).χ^(2) and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for the qualitative and quantitative variable analyses,***,we performed a logistic regression using VTE as the dependent *** A total of 415 patients were analyzed,and 386 met the inclusion criteria.51 and 335 patients were included

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Venous thromboembolism Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Diabetes mellitus Liver fibrosis Steatosis Deep vein thrombosis Anticoagulation management

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis:changing trends in the incidence,age and gender(findings from the CMC Vellore CVT registry)

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第3期9卷 252-257页

作者： Angel Miraclin T John Davis Prasad george abraham Ninan Mahasampath Gowri Deepti Bal Atif Iqbal Ahmed Shaikh Rohit N Benjamin Appaswamy Thirumal Prabhakar Ajith Sivadasan Vivek Mathew Sanjith Aaron Department of Neurological Sciences Christian Medical CollegeVelloreTamil NaduIndia Department of Biostatistics Christian Medical CollegeVelloreTamil NaduIndia

Background Multiple cerebral venous sinus thrombosis(CVT)registries from various geographical regions indicate that female gender,the use of contraceptive pills,pregnancy and puerperium are important risk *** this study,we report the changes in the epidemiology of patients with CVT managed over the past 26 *** The CMC Vellore CVT registry is a prospectively maintained database at the Christian Medical College,Vellore since January *** software was used to analyse the data and assess the changes in the incidence,age and gender distribution over the previous 26 *** Among 1701 patients treated during the study period,908(53%)were women and 793(47%)were *** mean incidence of CVT was 49 per 100000 admissions before 2010,which increased to 96 per 100000 after *** gender had a higher odds of developing CVT OR–2.07(CI 1.68 to 2.55,p<0.001).This could be attributed to the declining incidence of postpartum CVT after 2010 compared with the decade before 2010(50%vs 20%).The mean age at presentation had increased from 24.5 to 33.2 years in the last *** There was a clear change in the gender pattern from being a condition with female preponderance,to one where equal or more men are being *** incidence of postpartum CVT cases could be the driving *** increase in the overall incidence of CVT cases was noted,probably due to a higher index of clinical suspicion and better diagnostic imaging modalities.

关键词： CVT driving maintained

Retrospective study evaluating association of colorectal tumors and hepatitis C virus

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World Journal of Virology 2024年第3期13卷 56-64页

作者： Maya Gogtay Lekha Yadukumar Yuvaraj Singh Mithil Gowda Suresh Aakriti Soni Anuroop Yekula Asha Bullappa george M abraham Department of Hematology and Oncology Internal MedicineUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198United States Department of Internal Medicine The Wright Center for Graduate Medical EducationScrantonPA 18505United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Massachusetts Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA 01605United States Department of Internal Medicine Saint Vincent HospitalWorcesterMA 01608United States Department of Internal Medicine St.Vincent HospitalWorcesterMA 01608United States Department of Community Medicine SS Institute of Medical Sciences and Research CentreDavangere 577003KarnatakaIndia

BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV)has been associated with hepatic and extrahe-patic *** studies have shown an association between colorectal adenomas and HCV *** To study the prevalence of colorectal adenomas in patients with HCV compared to the general population and to evaluate if it is an independent risk factor for colorectal *** Patients were divided into HCV and non-HCV based on their HCV RNA *** with alcoholic liver disease,hepatitis B infection,and inflammatory bowel disease were *** variables were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test,and categorical variables usingχ^(2) with P<0.05 were considered statistically *** significant covariates(independent variables)were matched in both groups by propensity score matching,followed by multivariate regression *** Of the 415 patients screened,109 HCV patients and 97 non-HCV patients with colonoscopy results were included in the *** patients were older,had a smoking history,had less frequent aspirin use,and had a lower body mass index(BMI)(P<0.05).The HCV cohort had a significantly increased number of patients with adenomas(adenoma detection rate of 53.2%vs 34%.P=0.006).We performed a propensity-matched multivariate analysis where HCV infection was significantly associated with colorectal adenoma(OR:2.070,P=0.019).CONCLUSION Our study shows a significantly higher rate of adenomas in HCV patients compared to the general *** studies would help determine if the increase in adenoma detection lowers the risk for colorectal cancer.

关键词： Hepatitis C Colon cancer Adenoma Polyps Colonoscopy

Use of inflammatory markers as predictor for mechanical ventilation in COVID-19 patients with stagesⅢb-Ⅴchronic kidney disease?

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World Journal of Virology 2023年第5期12卷 286-295页

作者： Harinivaas Shanmugavel Geetha Sushmita Prabhu Abinesh Sekar Maya Gogtay Yuvaraj Singh Ajay K Mishra george M abraham Suzanne Martin Department of Internal Medicine Saint Vincent HospitalWorcesterMA 01608United States Hospice and Palliative Medicine University of Texas Health-San AntonioSan AntonioTX 78201United States Division of Cardiology Saint Vincent HospitalWorcesterMA 01608United States Department of Nephrology Saint Vincent HospitalWorcesterMA 01608United States

BACKGROUND Studies have shown elevated C-reactive protein(CRP)to predict mechanical ventilation(MV)in patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Its utility is unknown in patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD),who have elevated baseline CRP levels due to chronic inflammation and reduced renal *** To assess whether an association exists between elevated inflammatory markers and MV rate in patients with stagesⅢb-ⅤCKD and *** We conducted a retrospective cohort study on patients with COVID-19 and stagesⅢb-Ⅴ*** primary outcome was the rate of invasive MV,the rate of noninvasive MV,and the rate of no *** analyses used unpaired t-test for continuous variables and chi-square analysis for categorical *** for variables were CRP:100 mg/L,ferritin:530 ng/mL,D-dimer:0.5 mg/L,and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH):590 U/*** 290 were screened,and 118 met the inclusion ***,D-dimer,and ferritin were significantly different among the three *** univariate analysis for invasive MV(IMV),CRP had an odds ratio(OR)-5.44;ferritin,OR-2.8;LDH,OR-7.7;D-dimer,OR-3.9,(P<0.05).The admission CRP level had an area under curve-receiver operator characteristic(AUROC):0.747 for the IMV group(sensitivity-80.8%,specificity-50%)and 0.663 for the non-IMV(NIMV)group(area under the curve,sensitivity-69.2%,specificity-53%).CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate a positive correlation between CRP,ferritin,and D-dimer levels and MV and NIMV rates in CKD *** AUROC demonstrates a good sensitivity for CRP levels in detecting the need for MV in patients with stagesⅢb-Ⅴ*** may be because of the greater magnitude of increased inflammation due to COVID-19 itself compared with increased inflammation and reduced clearance due to CKD alone.

关键词： Coronavirus disease 2019 Chronic kidney disease Inflammatory markers C-reactive protein Invasive mechanical ventilation Non-invasive mechanical ventilation

An Efficient 3D CNN Framework with Attention Mechanisms for Alzheimer’s Disease Classification

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第11期47卷 2097-2118页

作者： Athena george Bejoy abraham Neetha george Linu Shine Sivakumar Ramachandran Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering College of EngineeringTrivandrum695016India Department of Computer Science and Engineering College of Engineering MuttatharaTrivandrum695008India Department of Electronics and Communication Rajeev Gandhi Institute of TechnologyKottayam686501India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Government Engineering CollegeWayanad670644India

Neurodegeneration is the gradual deterioration and eventual death of brain cells,leading to progressive loss of structure and function of neurons in the brain and nervous *** disorders,such as Alzheimer’s,Huntington’s,Parkinson’s,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,multiple system atrophy,and multiple sclerosis,are characterized by progressive deterioration of brain function,resulting in symptoms such as memory impairment,movement difficulties,and cognitive *** diagnosis of these conditions is crucial to slowing down cell degeneration and reducing the severity of the *** resonance imaging(MRI)is widely used by neurologists for diagnosing brain *** majority of the research in this field focuses on processing the 2D images extracted from the 3D MRI volumetric scans for disease *** might result in losing the volumetric information obtained from the whole brain *** address this problem,a novel 3D-CNN architecture with an attention mechanism is proposed to classify whole-brain MRI images for Alzheimer’s disease(AD)*** 3D-CNN model uses channel and spatial attention mechanisms to extract relevant features and improve accuracy in identifying brain dysfunctions by focusing on specific regions of the *** pipeline takes pre-processed MRI volumetric scans as input,and the 3D-CNN model leverages both channel and spatial attention mechanisms to extract precise feature representations of the input MRI volume for accurate *** present study utilizes the publicly available Alzheimer’s disease Neuroimaging Initiative(ADNI)dataset,which has three image classes:Mild Cognitive Impairment(MCI),Cognitive Normal(CN),and AD *** proposed approach achieves an overall accuracy of 79%when classifying three classes and an average accuracy of 87%when identifying AD and the other two *** findings reveal that 3D-CNN models with an attention mechanism exhibit significantly higher classi

关键词： 3D CNN alzheimer’s disease attention mechanism classification

RFC2 may contribute to the pathogenicity of Williams syndrome revealed in a zebrafish model

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第12期 1389-1403页

作者： Ji-Won Park Tae-Ik Choi Tae-Yoon Kim Yu-Ri Lee Dilan Wellalage Don Jaya K.george-abraham Laurie A.Robak Cristina C.Trandafir Pengfei Liu Jill A.Rosenfeld Tae Hyeong Kim Florence Petit Yoo-Mi Kim Chong Kun Cheon Yoonsung Lee Cheol-Hee Kim Department of Biology Chungnam National University Department of Pediatrics The University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School Department of Molecular and Human Genetics Baylor College of Medicine Baylor Genetics Laboratories Department of Pediatrics Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong Univ.Lille CHU LilleClinique de g en etique Guy Fontaine Department of Pediatrics Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital Department of Pediatrics Pusan National University Children’s Hospital Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital Clinical Research Institute Kyung Hee University Hospital at GangdongSchool of MedicineKyung Hee University

Williams syndrome (WS) is a rare multisystemic disorder caused by recurrent microdeletions on 7q11.23,characterized by intellectual disability,distinctive craniofacial and dental features,and cardiovascular *** studies have explored the roles of individual genes within these microdeletions in contributing to WS ***,we report five patients with WS with 1.4 Mb-1.5 Mb microdeletions that include RFC2,as well as one patient with a 167-kb microdeletion involving RFC2 and six patients with intragenic variants within *** investigate the potential involvement of RFC2 in WS pathogenicity,we generate a rfc2 knockout (KO) zebrafish using CRISPR-Cas9 ***,we generate a KO zebrafish of its paralog gene,rfc5,to better understand the functions of these RFC genes in development and *** rfc2 and rfc5 KO zebrafish exhibit similar phenotypes reminiscent of WS,including small head and brain,jaw and dental defects,and vascular ***-seq analysis reveals that genes associated with neural cell survival and differentiation are specifically affected in rfc2 KO *** addition,heterozygous rfc2 KO adult zebrafish demonstrate an anxiety-like behavior with increased social *** results suggest that RFC2 may contribute to the pathogenicity of WS,as evidenced by the zebrafish model.

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Polyethylene glycol fusion repair of severed rat sciatic nerves reestablishes axonal continuity and reorganizes sensory terminal fields in the spinal cord

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2095-2107页

作者： Emily A.Hibbard Liwen Zhou Cathy Z.Yang Karthik Venkudusamy Yessenia Montoya Alexa Olivarez george D.Bittner Dale R.Sengelaub Program in Neuroscience Indiana UniversityBloomingtonINUSA Department of Neuroscience University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA

Peripheral nerve injuries result in the rapid degeneration of distal nerve segments and immediate loss of motor and sensory functions;behavioral recovery is typically *** used a plasmalemmal fusogen,polyethylene glycol(PEG),to immediately fuse closely apposed open ends of severed proximal and distal axons in rat sciatic *** have previously reported that sciatic nerve axons repaired by PEG-fusion do not undergo Wallerian degeneration,and PEG-fused animals exhibit rapid(within 2–6 weeks)and extensive locomotor ***,our previous report showed that PEG-fusion of severed sciatic motor axons was non-specific,i.e.,spinal motoneurons in PEG-fused animals were found to project to appropriate as well as inappropriate target *** this study,we examined the consequences of PEG-fusion for sensory axons of the sciatic *** adult male and female rats(Sprague–Dawley)received either a unilateral single cut or ablation injury to the sciatic nerve and subsequent repair with or without(Negative Control)the application of *** action potentials recorded immediately after PEG-fusion repair confirmed conduction across the injury *** success of PEG-fusion was confirmed through Sciatic Functional Index testing with PEG-fused animals showing improvement in locomotor function beginning at 35 days *** 2–42 days postoperatively,we anterogradely labeled sensory afferents from the dorsal aspect of the hindpaw following bilateral intradermal injection of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated horseradish ***-fusion repair reestablished axonal *** to unoperated animals,labeled sensory afferents ipsilateral to the injury in PEG-fused animals were found in the appropriate area of the dorsal horn,as well as inappropriate mediolateral and rostrocaudal ***,despite having intact peripheral nerves,similar reorganizations of labeled sensory afferents were also observed contralateral to the injury and repa

关键词： axotomy dorsal horn peripheral nerve injury plasticity polyethylene glycol(PEG) sciatic nerve sensory terminals wheat germ agglutinin horseradish peroxidase

Modeling and stability analysis of the spread of novel coronavirus disease COVTD-19

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2021年第5期14卷 239-272页

作者： A.george Maria Selvam Jehad Alzabut D.abraham Vianny Mary Jacintha Fatma Bozkurt Yousef PG and Research Department of Mathematics Sacred Heart College(Autonomous) Tirupattur 635601India Department of Mathematics and Science Education Faculty of Education Erciyes University38039 KayseriTurkey Department of Mathematics and General Sciences Prince Sultan University 11586 RiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Kuwait College of Science and Technology 27235 Kuwait City Kuwait

Towards the end of 2019,the world witnessed the outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2(COVID-19),a new strain of coronavirus that was unidentified in humans *** this paper,a new fractional-order Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Hospitalized-Recovered(SEIHR)model is formulated for COVID-19,where the population is infected due to human *** fractional-order discrete version of the model is obtained by the process of discretization and the basic reproductive number is calculated with the next-generation matrix *** equilibrium points related to the disease transmission model are then ***,sufficient conditions to investigate all possible equilibria of the model are established in terms of the basic reproduction number(local stability)and are supported with time series,phase portraits and bifurcation ***,numerical simulations are provided to demonstrate the theoretical findings.

关键词： Discrete fractional order SEIHR model equilibrium points stability bifurcation

Polyethylene glycol has immunoprotective effects on sciatic allografts, but behavioral recovery and graft tolerance require neurorrhaphy and axonal fusion

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1192-1206页

作者： Tyler A.Smith Liwen Zhou Cameron L.Ghergherehchi Michelle Mikesh Cathy Z.Yang Haley O.Tucker JuliAnne Allgood Jared S.Bushman george D.Bittner Department of Molecular Biosciences University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Department of Neuroscience University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of WyomingLaramieWYUSA

Behavioral recovery using(viable)peripheral nerve allografts to repair ablation-type(segmental-loss)peripheral nerve injuries is delayed or poor due to slow and inaccurate axonal ***,such peripheral nerve allografts undergo immunological rejection by the host immune *** contrast,peripheral nerve injuries repaired by polyethylene glycol fusion of peripheral nerve allografts exhibit excellent behavioral recovery within weeks,reduced immune responses,and many axons do not undergo Wallerian *** relative contribution of neurorrhaphy and polyethylene glycol-fusion of axons versus the effects of polyethylene glycol per se was unknown prior to this *** hypothesized that polyethylene glycol might have some immune-protective effects,but polyethylene glycol-fusion was necessary to prevent Wallerian degeneration and functional/behavioral *** examined how polyethylene glycol solutions per se affect functional and behavioral recovery and peripheral nerve allograft morphological and immunological responses in the absence of polyethylene glycol-induced axonal ***-type sciatic nerve injuries in outbred Sprague–Dawley rats were repaired according to a modified protocol using the same solutions as polyethylene glycol-fused peripheral nerve allografts,but peripheral nerve allografts were loose-sutured(loose-sutured polyethylene glycol)with an intentional gap of 1–2 mm to prevent fusion by polyethylene glycol of peripheral nerve allograft axons with host *** to negative control peripheral nerve allografts not treated by polyethylene glycol and in contrast to polyethylene glycol-fused peripheral nerve allografts,animals with loose-sutured polyethylene glycol peripheral nerve allografts exhibited Wallerian degeneration for all axons and myelin degeneration by 7 days postoperatively and did not recover sciatic-mediated behavioral functions by 42 days *** morphological signs of rejection,such as col

关键词： allograft rejection axotomy macrophage myelin nerve repair polyethylene glycol(PEG) sciatic nerve T cell transplantation Wallerian degeneration