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Combining thermal scanning probe lithography and dry etching for grayscale nanopattern amplification

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 335-344页

作者： berke Erbas Ana Conde-Rubio Xia Liu Joffrey Pernollet Zhenyu Wang Arnaud bertsch Marcos Penedo georg Fantner Mitali banerjee Andras Kis Giovanni boero Juergen brugger Microsystems Laboratory École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)Lausanne 1015Switzerland Center of MicroNanoTechnology(CMi) EPFLLausanne 1015Switzerland Laboratory of Nanoscale Electronics and Structures École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)Lausanne 1015Switzerland Laboratory for bio-and Nano-Instrumentation École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)Lausanne 1015Switzerland Laboratory of Quantum Physics Topology and CorrelationsÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)Lausanne 1015Switzerland Present address:Institute of Materials Science of barcelona ICMAb-CSIC Campus UABBellaterra 08193Spain Present address:School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and DevicesBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

Grayscale structured surfaces with nanometer-scale features are used in a growing number of applications in optics and *** scanning probe lithography achieves a lateral resolution below 10 nm and a vertical resolution below 1 nm,but its maximum depth in polymers is ***,we present an innovative combination of nanowriting in thermal resist and plasma dry etching with substrate cooling,which achieves up to 10-fold amplification of polymer nanopatterns into SiO_(2) without proportionally increasing surface *** nanopatterns in SiO_(2) with 400 nm pitch and 150 nm depth are fabricated free of shape distortion after dry *** exemplify the possible applications of the proposed method,grayscale dielectric nanostructures are used for scalable manufacturing through nanoimprint lithography and for strain nanoengineering of 2D *** a method for aspect ratio amplification and smooth grayscale nanopatterning has the potential to find application in the fabrication of photonic and nanoelectronic devices.

关键词： lithography thermal pattern

Machine learning guided high-throughput search of non-oxide garnets

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1717-1725页

作者： Jonathan schmidt Hai-Chen Wang georg schmidt Miguel A.L.Marques Institut für Physik Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-WittenbergD-06099 HalleGermany

Garnets have found important applications in modern technologies including magnetorestriction,spintronics,lithium batteries,*** overwhelming majority of experimentally known garnets are oxides,while explorations(experimental or theoretical)for the rest of the chemical space have been limited in scope.A key issue is that the garnet structure has a large primitive unit cell,requiring a substantial amount of computational *** perform a comprehensive search of the complete chemical space for new garnets,we combine recent progress in graph neural networks with high-throughput *** apply the machine learning model to identify the potentially(meta-)stable garnet systems before performing systematic density-functional calculations to validate the *** discover more than 600 ternary garnets with distances to the convex hull below 100 meV⋅atom−*** includes sulfide,nitride,and halide *** analyze their electronic structure and discuss the connection between the value of the electronic band gap and charge balance.

关键词： structure sulfide oxides

Scientific guidelines for preclinical research on potentised preparations manufactured according to current pharmacopoeias—the PrePoP guidelines

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第5期22卷 533-544页

作者： Alexander L.Tournier Leoni V.bonamin Susann buchheim-schmidt Steven Cartwright Christoph Dombrowsky Paul Doesburg Carla Holandino Maria Olga Kokornaczyk Everine b.van de Kraats Jesús Antonio López-Carvallo Papiya Nandy JoséManuel Mazón-Suástegui Fateme Mirzajani bernard Poitevin Claudia Scherr Karin Thieves Sandra Würtenberger Stephan baumgartner Institute of Complementary and Integrative Medicine University of Bern Institute of Integrative Medicine Witten/Herdecke University Homeopathy Research Institute Graduate Program on Environmental and Experimental Pathology Paulista University Department of Medical Science Deutsche Hom?opathie-Union DHU-Arzneimittel GmbH&Co.KG Cherwell Laboratory for Fundamental Research in Homeopathy Society for Cancer Research Hiscia Research Institute Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Ciências Farmacêuticas Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro World Water Community Departamento de Acuicultura Facultad de Ciencias del MarUniversidad Católica del Norte Centre for Interdisciplinary Research and Education Laboratorio de Homeopatía Acuícola y Semillas Marinas Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste Protein Research Center Shahid Beheshti University Department of Medical Laboratory Science College of ScienceKnowledge University Socie′te′Savante d’Hom′eopathie Sola Salus Institute for Homeopathic Research Scientific Society for Homeopathy

Objective: Pharmacopoeias regulate the manufacture of potentised pharmaceutical preparations used in different branches of complementary and integrative medicine. The physicochemical properties and biological activity of these preparations are often investigated in preclinical research, yet no guidelines for experimental research currently exist in this area. The present PrePoP guidelines aim to provide recommendations to promote high-quality, statistically sound, and reproducible preclinical research on potentised ***: Input was gathered from researchers nominated by the relevant scientific societies using a simplified Delphi consensus approach covering the most relevant aspects of basic research methodology in the field including appropriate controls, sample preparation and handling, and statistics. After three rounds of feedback, a consensus was finally reached on the most important aspects and considerations for conducting high-quality research on potentised ***: We present a series of recommendations on a range of topics including experimental controls,system stability, blinding and randomisation, environmental influences, and procedures for the preparation of potentised samples and controls, and we address some specific challenges of this research ***: This expert consensus process resulted in a robust set of methodological guidelines for research on potentised preparations and provides a valuable framework that will inform and improve the quality of subsequent research in this emerging field.

关键词： Research guidelines Fundamental research basic research Complementary and integrative medicine Potentisation Potentised preparations

Two-photon polymerization lithography for imaging optics

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第4期6卷 21-60页

作者： Hao Wang Cheng-Feng Pan Chi Li Kishan S Menghrajani Markus A schmidt Aoling Li Fu Fan Yu Zhou Wang Zhang Hongtao Wang Parvathi Nair Suseela Nair John You En Chan Tomohiro Mori Yueqiang Hu Guangwei Hu Stefan A Maier Haoran Ren Huigao Duan Joel K W Yang College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082People's Republic of China Engineering Product Development Singapore University of Technology and DesignSingapore 487372Singapore Greater bay Area Institute for Innovation Hunan UniversityGuangzhou 511300People's Republic of China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore4 Engineering Drive 3Singapore 117576Singapore School of Physics and Astronomy Faculty of ScienceMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoria 3800Australia Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology 07745 JenaGermany Abbe Center of Photonics and Faculty of Physics FSU Jena07745 JenaGermany Otto Schott Institute of Material Research FSU Jena07745 JenaGermany Institute of Materials Research and Engineering A*STAR(Agency for Science Technology and Research)Singapore 138634Singapore Industrial Technology Center of Wakayama Prefecture Wakayama 6496261Japan School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore639798Singapore Department of Physics Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUnited Kingdom

Optical imaging systems have greatly extended human visual capabilities,enabling the observation and understanding of diverse *** technologies span a broad spectrum of wavelengths from x-ray to radio frequencies and impact research activities and our daily *** glass lenses are fabricated through a series of complex processes,while polymers offer versatility and ease of ***,modern applications often require complex lens assemblies,driving the need for miniaturization and advanced designs with micro-and nanoscale features to surpass the capabilities of traditional fabrication ***-dimensional(3D)printing,or additive manufacturing,presents a solution to these challenges with benefits of rapid prototyping,customized geometries,and efficient production,particularly suited for miniaturized optical imaging *** 3D printing methods have demonstrated advantages over traditional counterparts,yet challenges remain in achieving nanoscale ***-photon polymerization lithography(TPL),a nanoscale 3D printing technique,enables the fabrication of intricate structures beyond the optical diffraction limit via the nonlinear process of two-photon absorption within liquid *** offers unprecedented abilities,***-free fabrication,micro-and nanoscale capabilities,and rapid prototyping of almost arbitrary complex 3D *** this review,we emphasize the importance of the criteria for optical performance evaluation of imaging devices,discuss material properties relevant to TPL,fabrication techniques,and highlight the application of TPL in optical *** the first panoramic review on this topic,it will equip researchers with foundational knowledge and recent advancements of TPL for imaging optics,promoting a deeper understanding of the *** leveraging on its high-resolution capability,extensive material range,and true 3D processing,alongside advances in materials,fabrication,and design,we en

关键词： two-photon polymerization lithography 3D printing additive manufacturing imaging optics and nanophotonics

CO_2 mitigation potential in farmland of China by altering current organic matter amendment pattern

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Science China Earth Sciences 2010年第9期53卷 1351-1357,1407-1417页

作者： CADISCH georg Institute of Plant Production and Agroecology in the Tropics and Subtropics University of Hohenheim

The estimation of the global warming mitigation potential in terrestrial ecosystems is of great importance for decision makers to adopt measures to increase soil organic carbon (SOC) as well as to reduce greenhouse gas (GHGs) emissions. In this paper, we compiled data published in peer-reviewed journals, and conducted a holistic analysis of the effects of organic matter amendment on soil organic carbon sequestration, methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in paddy and upland systems. Results showed that organic matter amendment increased soil organic carbon content, and apparent conversion rate of organic matter carbon to soil organic carbon in paddies was constant, while that in uplands decreased along with amendment years at 25 years time scale. Organic matter amendment during the rice season led to large CH4-C emissions, e.g on average 99.5 g CH4-C per kg organic carbon input under intermittent flood conditions, and 191.7 g CH4-C per kg organic carbon input under continuous flood conditions, respectively. by alteration of organic matter amendment from rice season to off-rice upland crop season, estimated CH4-C emissions in China could be cut by 3.5 Tg yr-1, accounting for 63% of current CH4-C emissions (5.5 Tg). If organic matter amendment percentage was increased from current 30% to future 50% of organic matter production and by alteration of organic matter amendment from rice season to off-rice upland crop season, the equivalent CO2-C mitigation potential in farmland of China would be 49.2 Tg yr-1 at the 10th year organic matter amendment and 36.0 Tg yr-1 at the 30th year amendment. These findings are important not only for China but also for the other rice production countries to increase farmland global warming mitigation.

关键词： climate change global warming radiative forcing SOC GHGs CH4 N2O

Rifaximin on epigenetics and autophagy in animal model of hepatocellular carcinoma secondary to metabolic-dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第1期16卷 75-90页

作者： Matheus Truccolo Michalczuk Larisse Longo Melina belén Keingeski bruno de Souza basso Gabriel Tayguara Silveira Guerreiro Jessica T Ferrari JoséEduardo Vargas Cláudia P Oliveira Carolina Uribe-Cruz Carlos Thadeu schmidt Cerski Eduardo Filippi-Chiela Mário ReisÁlvares-da-Silva Division of Gastroenterology Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035-903Rio Grande do SulBrazil Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90035-003Rio Grande do SulBrazil Experimental Laboratory of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035-903Rio Grande do SulBrazil Laboratory of Inflammatory and Neoplastic Cells Universidade Federal do ParanáParaná81530900Brazil Department of Gastroenterology(LIM07) Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São PauloSão Paulo 01246903Brazil Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Católica de las MisionesPosadasMisiones 3300Argentina Unit of Surgical Pathology Hospital de Clinicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035-903Rio Grande do SulBrazil Center of biotechnology Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90035-003Rio Grande do SulBrazil Department of Morphological Sciences Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90.050-170Rio Grande do SulBrazil Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico(CNPq) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico(CNPq)ResearcherBrasília 71.605-001Brazil

bACKGROUND Prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is increasing,especially in patients with metabolic dysfunctionassociated steatotic liver disease(MASLD).AIM To investigate rifaximin(RIF)effects on epigenetic/autophagy markers in *** Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned(n=8,each)and treated from 5-16 wk:Control[standard diet,water plus gavage with vehicle(Veh)],HCC[high-fat choline deficient diet(HFCD),diethylnitrosamine(DEN)in drinking water and Veh gavage],and RIF[HFCD,DEN and RIF(50 mg/kg/d)gavage].Gene expression of epigenetic/autophagy markers and circulating miRNAs were *** All HCC and RIF animals developed metabolic-dysfunction associated steatohepatitis fibrosis,and cirrhosis,but three RIF-group did not develop *** animals who developed HCC with those who did not,miR-122,miR-34a,tubulin alpha-1c(Tuba-1c),metalloproteinases-2(Mmp2),and metalloproteinases-9(Mmp9)were significantly higher in the *** opposite occurred with becn1,coactivator associated arginine methyltransferase-1(Carm1),enhancer of zeste homolog-2(Ezh2),autophagy-related factor LC3A/b(Map1 Lc3b),and p62/sequestosome-1(p62/SQSTM1)-*** with controls,Map1 Lc3b,becn1 and Ezh2 were lower in HCC and RIF-groups(Pbserved for p62/Sqstm1(Pba-1c,Aldolase-b,alpha-fetoprotein,and Mmp2(P>0.05).miR-122 was higher in HCC,and miR-34a in RIF compared to controls(Pb was lower in HCC compared to RIF,and the inverse was observed for miR-224(P0.05).CONCLUSION RIF might have a possible beneficial effect on preventing/delaying liver carcinogenesis throu

关键词： Animal model Autophagy Epigenetic Hepatocellular carcinoma Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Rifaximin

Dynamic knee valgus kinematics and their relationship to pain in women with patellofemoral pain compared to women with chronic hip joint pain

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第5期8卷 486-493页

作者： Eric schmidt Marcie Harris-Hayes Gretchen b.Salsich Program in Physical Therapy Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63108USA Program in Physical Therapy Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic TrainingSaint Louis UniversitySt.LouisMO 63104USA Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63108USA

background:Dynamic knee valgus(DKV)is an abnormal movement pattern visually characterized by excessive medial movement of the lower extremity during weight *** in hip and knee kinematic components of DKV may explain the emergence of different pain problems in people who exhibit the same observed movement *** a secondary analysis of exiting data sets,we sought to determine whether hip and knee frontal and transverse plane angles during a functional task differed between women with patellofemoral pain and women with chronic hip joint pain and the relationship between joint-specific kinematics and pain in these 2 pain ***:In the original studies,3-dimensional hip and knee kinematics during a single-limb squat were obtained in 20 women with patellofemoral pain and 14 women with chronic hip joint pain who demonstrated visually classified *** intensity during the squat was assessed in both *** the secondary analysis,kinematic data were compared between pain groups using their respective control groups as a *** each pain group,correlation coefficients were used to determine the relationship between kinematics and pain during the ***:Hip adduction and contralateral pelvic drop were greater in those with chronic hip joint pain compared to those with patellofemoral pain(effect sizes ≥0.40).Greater knee external rotation(r= 0.47,p= 0.04)was correlated with greater knee pain in those with patellofemoral pain,while greater hip adduction(r = 0.53,p = 0.05)and greater hip internal rotation(r = 0.55,p = 0.04)were correlated with greater hip pain in those with chronic hip joint ***:Hip frontal plane motion was greater in those with chronic hip joint pain compared to those with patellofemoral *** both groups,greater abnormal movement at the respective joint(e.g.,knee external rotation in the patellofemoral pain group and hip adduction and internal rotation in the chronic hip joint pain gro

关键词： Anterior knee pain syndrome Femoroacetabular impingement Hip joint Kinematics Knee joint Single-limb squat

The quest for conditional independence in prospectivity modeling： weights-of-evidence, boost weights-of-evidence, and logistic regression

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2016年第3期10卷 389-408页

作者： Helmut SCHAEbEN georg SEMMLER Department of Geophysics and Geoinformatics TU Bergakademie Freiberg Freiberg 09596 Germany

The objective of prospectivity modeling is prediction of the conditional probability of the presence T = 1 or absence T = 0 of a target T given favorable or prohibitive predictors b, or construction of a two classes {0,1} classification of T. A special case of logistic regression called weights-of-evidence （WofE） is geolo- gists＇ favorite method of prospectivity modeling due to its apparent simplicity. However, the numerical simplicity is deceiving as it is implied by the severe mathematical modeling assumption of joint conditional independence of all predictors given the target. General weights of evidence are explicitly introduced which are as simple to estimate as conventional weights, i.e., by counting, but do not require conditional independence. Complementary to the regres- sion view is the classification view on prospectivity modeling. boosting is the construction of a strong classifier from a set of weak classifiers. From the regression point of view it is closely related to logistic regression. boost weights-of-evidence （boostWofE） was introduced into prospectivity modeling to counterbalance violations of the assumption of conditional independence even though relaxation of modeling assumptions with respect to weak classifiers was not the （initial） purpose of boosting. In the original publication of boostWofE a fabricated dataset was used to ＂validate＂ this approach. Using the same fabricated dataset it is shown that boostWofE cannot generally compensate lacking condi- tional independence whatever the consecutively proces- sing order of predictors. Thus the alleged features of boostWofE are disproved by way of counterexamples, while theoretical findings are confirmed that logistic regression including interaction terms can exactly com- pensate violations of joint conditional independence if the predictors are indicators.

关键词： general weights of evidence joint conditionalindependence naive bayes model Hammersley-Cliffordtheorem interaction terms statistical significance

Genomic landscape of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第46期20卷 17498-17506页

作者： Niklas Gebauer Christian schmidt-Werthern Veronica bernard Alfred C Feller Tobias Keck Nehara begum Dirk Rades Hendrik Lehnert georg brabant Christoph Thorns Department of Pathology University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein23538 LuebeckGermany Department of Surgery University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein23538 LuebeckGermany Department of Radiation Oncology University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein 23538 LuebeckGermany Department of Internal Medicine I University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein23538 LuebeckGermany

AIM: To investigate the prognostic role of genomic stability and copy number alterations (CNAs) pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs).

关键词： Array comparative genomic hybridization Copy number alterations Chromosomal aberrations Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors Prognosis