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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2014年第3期2卷 5-11页

作者： Marco Hornung Hartmut Liebetrau Andreas Seidel Sebastian Keppler Alexander Kessler Jrg Krner Marco Hellwing Frank Schorcht Diethard Klpfel Ajay K.Arunachalam georg a.becker Alexander Svert Jens Polz Joachim Hein Malte C.Kaluza Helmholtz-Institute Jena Germany Institute of Optics and Quantum Electronics JenaGermany

The development,the underlying technology and the current status of the fully diode-pumped solid-state laser system POLARIS is ***,the POLARIS system delivers 4 J energy,144 fs long laser pulses with an ultra-high temporal contrast of 5 × 1012 for the ASE,which is achieved using a so-called double chirped-pulse amplification scheme and cross-polarized wave generation pulse *** tightly focusing,the peak intensity exceeds 3.5 × 1020 W *** parameters predestine POLARIS as a scientific tool well suited for sophisticated experiments,as exemplified by presenting measurements of accelerated proton ***,an additional amplifier has been added to the laser *** the ramp-up phase,pulses from this amplifier are not yet compressed and have not yet reached the anticipated ***,an output energy of 16.6 J has been achieved so far.

关键词： design high power laser laser amplifiers laser plasmas interaction laser systems modelling optimization ultra-intense ultrashort pulse laser interaction with matter

Optical probing of ultrafast laser-induced solid-to-overdense-plasma transitions

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第5期13卷 973-984页

作者： Yasmina Azamoum georg Alexander becker Sebastian Keppler Guillaume Duchateau Stefan Skupin Mickael Grech Fabrice Catoire Sebastian Hell Issa Tamer Marco Hornung Marco Hellwing Alexander Kessler Franck Schorcht Malte Christoph Kaluza GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung Planckstr.164291 DarmstadtGermany. Helmholtz Institute Jena Fröbelstieg 307743 JenaGermany. Institute of Optics and Quantum Electronics Friedrich-SchillerUniversität JenaMax-Wien-Platz 107743 JenaGermany. CEA-CESTA 15 Avenue des SablièresCS6000133116 Le BarpCedexFrance Institut Lumière Matière UMR 5306-CNRSUniversitéde Lyon 169622 VilleurbanneFrance. LULI CNRSCEASorbonne UniversitéInstitut Polytechnique de ParisPalaiseauFrance. Universitéde Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA CELIAUMR 5107 TalenceFrance

Understanding the solid target dynamics resulting from the interaction with an ultrashort laser pulse is a challenging fundamental multi-physics problem involving atomic and solid-state physics,plasma physics,and laser *** of the initial interplay of the underlying processes is essential to many applications ranging from lowpower laser regimes like laser-induced ablation to high-power laser regimes like laser-driven ion *** the properties of the so-called pre-plasma formed as the laser pulse’s rising edge ionizes the target is complicated from the theoretical and experimental point of view,and many aspects of this laser-induced transition from solid to overdense plasma over picosecond timescales are still open *** the one hand,laser-driven ion acceleration requires precise control of the pre-plasma because the efficiency of the acceleration process crucially depends on the target properties at the arrival of the relativistic intensity peak of the *** the other hand,efficient laser ablation requires,for example,preventing the so-called“plasma shielding”.By capturing the dynamics of the initial stage of the interaction,we report on a detailed visualization of the pre-plasma formation and ***-thin diamond-like carbon foils are shown to transition from solid to plasma during the laser rising edge with intensities<10^(16)W/cm^(2).Single-shot near-infrared probe transmission measurements evidence sub-picosecond dynamics of an expanding plasma with densities above 10^(23)cm^(−3)(about 100 times the critical plasma density).The complementarity of a solid-state interaction model and kinetic plasma description provides deep insight into the interplay of initial ionization,collisions,and expansion.

关键词： laser acceleration solid

Effects of Flicker in a Distribution Grid with High PV Penetration

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2014年第12期8卷 2001-2011页

作者： Andreas Spring georg Wirth Gerd becker Robert Pardatscher Rolf Witzmann Department of Electrical Engineering University of Applied Sciences Munich Munich 80335 Germany Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology Technische Universitat Miinchen Munich 80333 Germany

The quantity of installed PV （photovoltaic） systems in the German distribution grid is still increasing. In some areas, the installed PV capacity exceeds 5 kW per HC （house connection）. Therefore, the load flow changes its characteristics and leads to new requirements for the grid. In some areas, the power feedback is higher than the delivery and the installed PV capacity becomes the decisive factor for grid planning. This paper discusses the impact of PV systems on the flicker level. The focus hereby is on the correlation among the flicker level, the grid voltage and the meteorological parameters. Different approaches to investigate if there is an influence of PV systems on the maximum flicker are taken into account. Furthermore, an investigation if the normative limit is exceeded will be shown.

关键词： Grid integration stability PV.

Fertility,genome stability,and homozygosity in a diverse set of resynthesized rapeseed lines

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The Crop Journal 2023年第2期11卷 468-477页

作者： Elizabeth Ihien Katche Antje Schierholt Heiko C.becker Jacqueline Batley Annaliese S.Mason Plant Breeding Department The University of Bonn53115 BonnGermany Department of Plant Breeding Justus Liebig University35392 GiessenGermany Department of Crop Sciences Division of Plant Breeding MethodologyGeorg-August University Göttingen37073 GöttingenGermany School of Biological Sciences The University of Western AustraliaPerthWA 6009Australia

Rapeseed(Brassica napus,AACC)was formed by hybridization between progenitor species Brassica rapa(AA)and Brassica oleracea(CC).As a result of a limited number of hybridization events between specific progenitor genotypes and strong breeding selection for oil quality traits,rapeseed has limited genetic *** production of resynthesized *** lines via interspecific hybridization of the diploid progenitor species *** and *** is one possible way to increase genetic variation in ***,most resynthesized lines produced so far have been reported to be meiotically unstable and infertile,in contrast to established *** *** hinders both maintenance and use of this germplasm in breeding *** characterized a large set of 140 resynthesized lines produced by crosses between *** and ***,as well as between *** and wild C genome species(***,***,***,***,*** and ***)for purity(homozygosity),fertility,and genome ***-pollinated seed set,seeds per ten pods as well as percentage pollen viability were used to estimate *** genotyping was performed using the Illumina Infinium Brassica 60K array for 116 genotypes,with at least three individuals per *** of the material which had been advanced through multiple generations was no longer pure,with heterozygosity detected corresponding to unknown parental contributions via *** and genome stability were both *** lines had high numbers of copy number variants(CNVs),indicative of meiotic instability,and high numbers of CNVs were significantly associated with reduced *** putatively stable resynthesized *** lines were *** investigation of these lines may reveal the mechanisms underlying this *** results suggest that selection of stable resynthesized lines for breeding purposes is possible.

关键词： Fertility Genome stability Copy number variants SNP genotyping Resynthesized lines

Marker Based Genetic Analysis For Yield Components And Their Relationships With Developmental Stages In A European x Chinese Rapeseed DH population

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Marker Based Genetic Analysis For Yield Components And Their...

中国遗传学会植物遗传与基因组学专业委员会2005年学术研讨会

作者： becker Heiko ECKE Wolfgang Institute of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Georg-August-UniversityVon Siebold Strasse 837075 GoettingenGermany

In this study, we mapped QTLs with additive and additive x additive epistasis as well as their interactions by environments underlying three quantitative traits of yield components using a population of 282 doubled haploid lines derived from a cross between European and Chinese rapeseed cultivars. Furthermore, we did conditional mapping analysis by combining the statistical procedures of analyzing conditional genetic effects with QTL mapping method to analyze the genetic relationship between yield components and plant developmental stages on individual QTL level. Measurements for the traits were obtained from 4 environments, 2 in Europe and 2 in China. A linkage map was constructed using 125 microsatellites marker loci. Mapping results revealed in total 7, 6 and 9 QTLs with additive main effects and/or additive by environment interaction effects for these three traits and collectively explained about 40, 35 and 70% of the mean phenotypic variation observed in the DH population, respectively. Digenic epistasis was small for thousand seeds weight, negligible for silique length but significant for the *** seeds per silique. Significant interaction was detected for thousand seeds weight, while minor for other two traits. The genetic relationships among these three traits were discussed on the QTL level. Information obtained from this study is valuable for marker-based selection to improve yield components and yield level. in breeding program. Conditional mapping analysis revealed that QTLs for thousand seeds weight were more related with flowering time and grain filling period, while QTLs for the number of seeds per silique were more influenced by flowering period.

关键词： Brassica napus L. Yield components QTL mapping Conditional QTL mapping Digenic interaction QTL by environment interaction

100 years anniversary of the oxide cathode-a historical review

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100 years anniversary of the oxide cathode-a historical revi...

The 5th International Vacuum Electron Sources Conference(IVESC2004)

作者： georg Gaertner Daniel den Engelsen Philips Research Laboratories Weisshausstrasse 2D-52066 AachenGermany LG.Philips Displays Netherlands P.O.Box 8075600 AV EindhovenThe Netherlands

Now 100 years have passed, since Arthur Wehnelt published his famous paper entitled: "On the emission of negative ions from glowing metal compounds and related-phenomena". This paper was the start of the oxide cathode, which has become the work horse not only in cathode ray tubes with a production of about 700 million oxide cathodes in 2000, but also in low pressure gas discharge lamps with about 7 billion pieces produced in the same year. A more systematic and detailed investigation of the physical processes in the oxide cathode began about 1920. The studies of Koller and becker proved, that the emission of the cathode is due to an excess of metallic Ba in the oxide, which is produced during cathode activation. This excess Ba was thought to be present in the form of a monoatomic Ba film, which also exhibits a much lower Ba evaporation rate than bulk Ba. Reimann 1930 and others in the next years found, that there is a close relationship between the electrical conductivity of the coating and the emission. Regarding the theoretical model and basic investigations, new insights have been obtained and some of these was presented at this conference. Thus the oxide cathode still remains a modern and challenging subject despite its 100 years history.

关键词： Cathodes Valves Tungsten Coatings Discharges Physics Earth Platinum Battery charge measurement Rectifiers

构词法对无意识加工的影响——中德数字启动效应的比较研究

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心理科学 1993年第1期16卷 8-14页

作者：马红骊方芸秋 G.Luer U.Laβ D.becker R.Heuermann 华东师范大学心理系 georg August Universitat GottingenGermany

本文采用客观觉察阈值作为启动刺激呈现时间、以数字(阿拉伯数字)和数词(以中、德两种文字写出的数词)为刺激比较研究了在掩蔽刺激条件下中国与德国被试的启动效应.结果表明:1)中国被试的启动效应显著,在德国被试中未发现显著的启动效应... 详细信息

本文采用客观觉察阈值作为启动刺激呈现时间、以数字(阿拉伯数字)和数词(以中、德两种文字写出的数词)为刺激比较研究了在掩蔽刺激条件下中国与德国被试的启动效应.结果表明:1)中国被试的启动效应显著,在德国被试中未发现显著的启动效应;2)除数字—数字刺激组外,中国被试的启动效应显著地大于德国被试;3)中国被试的数词—数字刺激组比其他三个刺激组产生的启动效应大。我们从无意识加工特征、构词法的差异以及并行—连续加工理论的观点对上述结果分别进行了讨论.

关键词：构词法无意识加工启动效应

Sperling任务中刺激呈现方式对注意分配的影响

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心理科学 2004年第3期27卷 563-566页

作者：陈国鹏王晓丽方芸秋 Uta Lass Song Yan Dietrich becker Gerd Lüer 华东师范大学心理学系上海200062 georg.Elias-Mouller-lnstitute for Psychology

以全部报告法和部分报告法为任务,在Kosslyn瞬时记忆模型框架下,探讨当刺激呈现和报告的方式按列进行时,被试注意窗的放置策略及其对瞬时记忆的影响。结果发现,部分报告优势在这种条件下也是存在的;因为长期的学习而导致的阅读习惯对注... 详细信息

以全部报告法和部分报告法为任务,在Kosslyn瞬时记忆模型框架下,探讨当刺激呈现和报告的方式按列进行时,被试注意窗的放置策略及其对瞬时记忆的影响。结果发现,部分报告优势在这种条件下也是存在的;因为长期的学习而导致的阅读习惯对注意窗放置策略的影响是稳定的;同时发现这种策略使得被试在按列进行的报告方式时,全部报告法和部分报告法的成绩都低于按行报告方式。文章还对上述实验发现作出了进一步的讨论。

关键词：瞬时记忆模型全部报告法部分报告法注意窗阅读习惯

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甘蓝型油菜杂种优势遗传分析(英文)

甘蓝型油菜杂种优势遗传分析(英文)

第十二届国际油菜大会

作者： Mladen Radoev Heiko becker Wolfgang Ecke Department of Crop Sciences Georg-August University GttingenVon-Siebold-Str 837075 GttingenGermany Department of Crop Sciences Georg-August University GttingenVon-Siebold-Str 837075 GttingenGermany Department of Crop Sciences Georg-August University GttingenVon-Siebold-Str 837075 GttingenGermany

在许多植物中,自交系间杂交产生的杂交种在许多性状上优于亲本,这种被称为杂种优势的现象大多在产量和产量稳定性或生物量等复杂性状上表现,但在产量相关性状和形态性状上也能观察得到。随着杂种品种的生产,杂种优势在包括油菜在内的许... 详细信息

在许多植物中,自交系间杂交产生的杂交种在许多性状上优于亲本,这种被称为杂种优势的现象大多在产量和产量稳定性或生物量等复杂性状上表现,但在产量相关性状和形态性状上也能观察得到。随着杂种品种的生产,杂种优势在包括油菜在内的许多作物的育种中应用非常成功,然而对杂种优势现象的基础研究还不是很深入。为了阐明油菜杂种优势的遗传基础,采用双单倍体作图群体及其与测验种MSL-Express测交的后代,对与杂种优势有关的籽粒产量、千粒重、早期和晚期植株生物量的QTL进行了研究。这个作图群体含有250个双单倍体系,来自于冬油菜栽培品种‘Express’和合成种‘R53’杂交产生的强优势组合。利用SSR和AFLP标记通过多元回归和混合线性模型的复合区间作图法,构建了含188个标记的遗传图谱。油菜早期植株生物量的杂种优势研究试验在温室进行,四次重复;株高（作为后期植株生物量的一个指标）、籽粒总产量和千粒重则在四个不同地点进行田间试验。以上两个试验都采取不完全区组设计,包括双单倍体群体和该群体与测验种MSL-Express测交产生的F1杂种。用温室试验和田间试验的数据进行QTL定位,鉴定出了油菜杂种优势相关位点的位置,并评估了它们的遗传效应以及显性、超显性和上位性等不同的基因效应对杂种优势表达的相对贡献。

关键词： Brassica napus rapeseed heterosis QTL dominance overdominance

对双低甘蓝型冬油菜进行连锁不均衡的分析(英文)

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对双低甘蓝型冬油菜进行连锁不均衡的分析(英文)

第十二届国际油菜大会

作者： Wolfgang Ecke Rosemarie Clemens Heiko becker Department of Crop Sciences Georg-August-University GttingenVon-Siebold-Str.837075 GttingenGermany Department of Crop Sciences Georg-August-University GttingenVon-Siebold-Str.837075 GttingenGermany Department of Crop Sciences Georg-August-University GttingenVon-Siebold-Str.837075 GttingenGermany

在油菜中,QTL作图常用在对来源于两亲本杂交后代的分离群体进行区间定位。这种技术可以定位数量性状的贡献位点并估计其效率大小。但是,由于在一个分离群体中可用的重组是有限的,这种方法并不能很好地解决问题,所得到QTL位置的信赖区间... 详细信息

在油菜中,QTL作图常用在对来源于两亲本杂交后代的分离群体进行区间定位。这种技术可以定位数量性状的贡献位点并估计其效率大小。但是,由于在一个分离群体中可用的重组是有限的,这种方法并不能很好地解决问题,所得到QTL位置的信赖区间往往在几个到几十个cM（厘摩）范围之间。而且,只有那些在双亲之间存在多态性的QTL才能检测到。另外一种方法是选取特定的品种和种植系来辅助作图法。在那些重组概率高的材料中,QTL作图也能做得更精细。而且,两亲本的遗传差别也不易受到差别标记发生的限制。另一方面,这种方法很大程度上取决于所用植物连锁不平衡的程度。为确定现有双低冬油菜品种在辅助作图法这个普遍方法上的适用性,我们在90个冬油菜品种的群体中进行了连锁不平衡分析。首先,在一个分离的双单倍体群体中建立了含有1000多个AFLP标记的遗传图谱,该群体来源于冬油菜品种“Express”和新育成的油菜系“R53”的杂交。然后,运用这些图谱的分子标记对这90个品种进行分析。最后,在这90个品种的分子标记的位置图谱的基础上,确定这些冬油菜品种的连锁不平衡程度。

关键词： linkage disequilibrium AFLP markers rapeseed Brassica napus association mapping