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Effects of soil metal(loid)s pollution on microbial activities and environmental risks in an abandoned chemical smelting site

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 60-70页

作者： Hao Li Jun Yao Jianli Liu Ning Min geoffrey sunahara Dongyang Men Robert Duran School of Water Resources and Environment Research Center of Environmental Science and EngineeringChina University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China Department of Natural Resource Sciences McGill University21111Lakeshore DriveSte-Anne-de-BellevueQuebecH9X 3V9Canada Equipe Environnement et Microbiologie MELODY groupUniversitéde Pau et des Pays de l’AdourE2S-UPPAIPREM UMR CNRS 5254BP 115564013 Pau CedexFrance

Abandoned chemical smelting sites containing toxic substances can seriously threaten and pose a risk to the surrounding ecological *** samples were collected from different depths(0 to 13 m)and analyzed for metal(loid)s content and fractionation,as well as microbial *** potential ecological risk indices for the different soil depths(ordered from high to low)were:1 m(D-1)>surface(S-0)>5 m(D-5)>13 m(D-13)>9 m(D-9),ranging between 1840.65-13,089.62,and representing extremely high environmental risks,of which Cd(and probably not arsenic)contributed to the highest environmental risk.A modified combined pollution risk index(MCR)combining total content and mobile proportion of metal(loid)s,and relative toxicities,was used to evaluate the degree of contamination and potential environmental *** the near-surface samples(S-0 and D-1 layers),the MCR considered that As,Cd,Pb,Sb,and Zn achieved high and alarming degrees of contamination,whereas Fe,Mn,and Ti were negligible or low to moderate pollution *** microcalorimetry and enzymatic activity measurements of contaminated soil samples were used to assess the microbial metabolic activity *** analysis elucidated the relationship between metal(loid)s exchangeable fraction or content and microbial activity characteristics(p<0.05).The microbial metabolic activity in the D-1 layer was low presumably due to heavy metal *** activity indicators and microcalorimetric growth rate(k)measurements were considered sensitive indicators to reflect the soil microbial activities in abandoned chemical smelting sites.

关键词： Abandoned chemical smelting sites Microbial activities Modified combined pollution risk Microcalorimetry Enzymatic activities

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Environmental Impact of Lefa Gold Mining on Its Local Population, Republic of Guinea

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Natural Resources 2019年第8期10卷 305-323页

作者： Benjamin Kolie Jun Yao geoffrey sunahara Lucie Duonamou Department of Mine Institute of Mine and Geology of Boke Conakry Guinea School of Water Resources and Environment Department of Environment Engineering China University of Geosciences (Beijing) Beijing China School of Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry University Beijing China

Republic of Guinea’s environmental situation is characterized by the continued degradation of natural resources. Lefa gold mine is one of the Guinean Republic’s gold companies which support the socioeconomic improvement. It operates in the northeastern part of the country and extracts the ore gold by open pit method by using cyanide. The exploitation of the Lefa Gold Mine impacts?the natural resources and the surrounding population. This paper considers the impact of Lefa Gold Mine activities on the environment and its local population including ecological disturbance, destruction of fauna and flora, land and landscape degradation. The study was carried out in April to July 2013 in two villages, Fayalala Carrefour, and Lèro Karta. Questionnaires were illustrated for data collection, and the proposed sampling size number (1204 respondents) consisted of the two villages and the surrounding villages was?founded on the proximity to the mine sites and their degree of suffering?after a direct impact of mining activities. 961 (79.82% of respondents) adhered?to the research to provide information about the situation. The principal objective of this paper was to provide new information on the problems existing in the achievement of mining policies that will help to mitigate the environmental impacts of gold mining activities on the local population. From the respondents, the results showed that the Lefa gold mine’s activities contaminated the farmland (31.21%), allowed the extinction of many animals and plant species (28.19%), which caused the change of the landscape of the study area. However, the most important situation was the life of the surrounding population. Therefore, the study has proposed a serial of recommendation to help Lefa gold mine reduce the impact of their activities on the environment and local population.

关键词： Gold Mining Environmental Impact Socioeconomic Impact Cyanide

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Environmental Impact of Lefa Gold Mining on Its Local Population, Republic of Guinea

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Natural Resources（自然资源） 2019年第8期

作者： Benjamin Kolie Jun Yao geoffrey sunahara Lucie Duonamou

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The Effects of Task Order Administration on Test Scores from the Trail Making Test: Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Investigations

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World Journal of Neuroscience 2020年第1期10卷 68-78页

作者： Chie Takeda Masako Notoya Nobuyuki sunahara Faculty of Health Sciences Institute of Medical Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Kanazawa University Kanazawa Japan Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences and Disorders Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences Kyoto University of Advanced Science Kyoto Japan

This research examines the effects of task administration on Trail Making Test performance. The TMT consists of two parts, TMT Part A and TMT Part B. Generally, it has been believed that the order the two parts are completed does not influence test results;however, there is one previous study that has suggested that the order is indeed an influential factor on test scores. To measure frontal lobe function, the present study used near-infrared spectroscopy to measure changes in oxygenated hemoglobin (oxy-Hb) in 48 young, healthy Japanese subjects as they completed Parts A and B. We subtracted the change in oxy-Hb while completing Part A from that while completing Part B (B-A Oxy-Hb) for a comparison to facilitate an investigation of how, or if, the order in which the TMT is taken influences test success. We found that when Part A was completed first, there were only small changes in the B-A oxy-Hb, but when Part B was completed first, there were larger changes. This study indicates that the order the tests are completed in may influence outcomes, thus assessments using the TMT must follow a consistent task order.

关键词： Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Prefrontal Cortex Trail Making Test Cognitive Function Healthy Subjects

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Utility of Tracing as a Memory Storage Method

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World Journal of Neuroscience 2017年第2期7卷 216-222页

作者： Makana Tsutsui Masako Notoya Daisuke Kimura Ken Nakatani Takashi Fujita Nobuyuki sunahara Katsumi Inoue Japanese Red Cross Kanazawa Hospital Ishikawa Japan Health Medical Department Kytogakuen University Kyoto Japan Department of Rehabilitation Sciences Faculty of Allied Health Sciences Kansai University of Welfare Sciences Osaka Japan Division of Occupational Therapy Faculty of Care and Rehabilitation Seijoh University Aichi Japan School of Health Sciences College of Medical Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Kanazawa University Ishikawa Japan

Although many studies have explored the utility of tracing as a rehabilitation approach for patients with aphasia and alexia and for Japanese patients with various disabilities, this may be the first study to demonstrate the superiority of tracing over copying for enhancing long-term memory. We investigated the utility of tracing as a memory storage method. Young and elderly participants learned a figure from the Rey-Osterrieth complex figure test by copying or tracing its outline. They were asked to reproduce the figure after 3 min and 3 days. Although the copying group performed better than the tracing group in immediate recall after 3 min, the performance of the tracing and copying groups after 3 days was similar. Among younger participants, the tracing group achieved higher scores than the copying group after 3 days;however, the difference was not statistically significant. Copying as a learning strategy has a substantial temporal gradient of memory loss;tracing may be more appropriate for improving long-term memory. This result could have considerable practical usefulness, e.g., among professionals who provide memory training for the elderly. Tracing, which uses visuomotor memory, is acquired earlier than transcription. Tracing may be effective for rehabilitation because it is a developmentally appropriate approach to early instruction.

关键词： Visual Memory Learning Long-Term Memory

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Present Status and Future Prospects of Laser Fusion Research at ILE Osaka University

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Plasma Science and Technology 2004年第1期6卷 2179-2184页

作者： K.Mima K.A.Tanaka R.Kodama T.Johzaki H.Nagatomo H.Shiraga Y.Sentoku N.Miyanaga H.Azechi M.Nakai T.Norimatu K.Nagai J.sunahara K.Nishihara T.Taguchi H.Sakagami Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka Suita Osaka 565-0871 JapanInstitute of Laser Engineering Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka Suita Osaka 565-0871 JapanInstitute of Laser Engineering Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka Suita Osaka 565-0871 JapanInstitute of Laser Engineering Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka Suita Osaka 565-0871 JapanInstitute of Laser Engineering Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka Suita Osaka 565-0871 JapanInstitute of Laser Engineering Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka Suita Osaka 565-0871 JapanInstitute of Laser Engineering Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka Suita Osaka 565-0871 JapanInstitute of Laser Engineering Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka Suita Osaka 565-0871 JapanInstitute of Laser Engineering Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka Suita Osaka 565-0871 JapanInstitute of Laser Engineering Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka Suita Osaka 565-0871 JapanInstitute of Laser Engineering Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka Suita Osaka 565-0871 JapanInstitute of Laser Engineering Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka Suita Osaka 565-0871 JapanInstitute of Laser Engineering Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka Suita Osaka 565-0871 JapanInstitute of Laser Engineering Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka Suita Osaka 565-0871 JapanSetunan University Neyagawa Osaka JapanHimeji Institute of technology Himeji Hyougo Japan

Reviewed are the present status and future prospects of the laser fusionresearch at the ILE Osaka. The Gekko XII and Peta Watt laser system have been operated forinvestigating the implosion hydrodynamics, fast ignition, and the relativistic laser plasmainteractions and so on. In particular, the fast ignition experiments with cone shell target havebeen in progress as the UK and US-Japan collaboration programs. In the experiments, the implodedhigh density plasmas are heated by irradiating 500 J level peta-watt laser pulse. The thermalneutron yield is found to increase by three orders of magnitude by injecting the peta-watt laserinto the cone shell target. The Rayleigh-Taylor instability experiment results are also reviewed isthis paper.

关键词： laser fusion present ststus future prospects

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离子排斥色谱用于厌氧消化处理的水中脂肪族羧酸的分析(英文)

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色谱 2012年第4期30卷 369-373页

作者： Kazuaki ITO Jun SAKAMOTO Kazuya NAGAOKA Yohichi TAKAYAMA Takashi KANAHORI Hiroshi sunahara Tsuneo HAYASHI Shinji SATO Takeshi HIROKAWA Kazuhiko TANAKA Department of Biotechnology and Chemistry Faculty of EngineeringKinki University Hokoku Ind.Co.Ltd. Tosoh Co.Ltd. Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of EngineeringHiroshima University Department of Development Science Graduate School for International Development and CooperationHiroshima University

The analysis of seven aliphatic carboxylic acids(formic,acetic,propionic,iso-butyric,n-butyric,iso-valeric and n-valeric acid) in anaerobic digestion process waters for biogas production was examined by ion-exclusion chromatography with dilute acidic eluents(benzoic acid,perfluorobutyric acid(PFBA) and sulfuric acid) and non-suppressed conductivity/ultraviolet(UV) *** columns used were a styrene/divinylbenzene-based strongly acidic cation-exchange resin column(TSKgel SCX) and a polymethacrylate-based weakly acidic cation-exchange resin column(TSKgel Super IC-A/C).Good separation was performed on the TSKgel SCX in shorter retention *** the TSKgel Super IC-A/C,peak shape of the acids was sharp and symmetrical in spite of longer retention *** addition,the mutual separation of the acids was good except for iso-and n-butyric *** better separation and good detection was achieved by using the two columns(TSKgel SCX and TSKgel Super IC-A/C connected in series),lower concentrations of PFBA and sulfuric acid as eluents,non-suppressed conductivity detection and UV detection at 210 *** analysis was applied to anaerobic digestion process *** chromatograms with conductivity detection were relatively simpler compared with those of UV *** use of two columns with different selectivities for the aliphatic carboxylic acids and the two detection modes was effective for the determination and identification of the analytes in anaerobic digestion process waters containing complex matrices.

关键词： ion-exclusion chromatography(IEC) strongly and weakly acidic cation-exchange resin columns perfluorobutyric and sulfuric acids eluents non-suppressed conductivity and ultraviolet(UV) detections aliphatic carboxylic acids anaerobic digestion process waters

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Head Position of Patients with Right Hemisphere Damage during a Visual Search Task in a Large Field

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World Journal of Neuroscience 2018年第2期8卷 190-202页

作者： Ken Nakatani Shusuke Takahashi Daisuke Kimura Masako Notoya Nobuyuki sunahara Takashi Fujita Minoru Toyama Shinya Fukunaga Naoe Mori Kiyoe Sakai Shinya Fuwa Department of Rehabilitation Sciences Kansai University of Welfare Sciences Osaka Japan Department of Living and Welfare Faculty of Home Economics Kyoto Women’s University Kyoto Japan Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences and Disorders Kyoto Gakuen University Kyoto Japan School of Health Sciences College of Medical Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Kanazawa University Kanazawa Japan Division of Occupational Therapy Faculty of Care and Rehabilitation Seijoh University Tōkai Japan Department of Sensory Science Faculty of Health Science and Technology Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare Kurashiki Japan

Spatial neglect syndrome with cerebral lesions is characterized by the ina-bility to orient, report, or respond to relevant visual stimuli contralateral to the lesions. In this study, we investigated the pattern of horizontal visual search in a large space;this search was performed by patients with right hemisphere damage caused by cerebrovascular disease. The neck rotation angle and search time in each increment were continuously recorded during the task, and quantitative data of the measurements were collected. Head position during the visual search task in a large space (%) was then calculated. We set angular bands in increments of 5 degrees from the midline on the left and right sides, and calculated the total search time in each angular band. In patients with unilateral spatial neglect (USN), the search time in the angular band of 5 - 9 on the right side was significantly longer (with USN 16.7%, without USN 4.5%, t = 2.52, df = 16, p < 0.05). Furthermore, in patients with neglect in the leftmost end area in a large space, the search time was significantly shorter in the angular band of 1 - 4 degrees to the left (with neglect 13.1%, without neglect 23.7%, t = 2.13, df = 16, p < 0.05), and tended to be long in the angular band of 5 - 9 to the right. The neck rotation angle and pattern during the search task in a large field deviated slightly to the right, and the search time slightly to the left was short. We believe that these results support the rightward deviation of the search pattern and frame of USN patients.

关键词： Head Position Neck Rotation Angle Unilateral Spatial Neglect Visual Exploration

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水污染物总耗氧量中单体耗氧量的作用

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重庆环境科学 1983年第4期 57-64页

作者： Kunio Nakajima Toshio Ishizuka Hiroshi sunahara 周道平重庆市环境保护局

本文推荐了EOD(elemental oxygen demand,单体耗氧量)作为水污染物的先进评价,同时讨论了EOD和TOD(总耗氧量)之间的关系。EOD的定义是污染物中各个组份单体的耗氧量。提出了化合物燃烧反应的总方程式。除少数无机化合物外,一些有机化合... 详细信息

本文推荐了EOD(elemental oxygen demand,单体耗氧量)作为水污染物的先进评价,同时讨论了EOD和TOD(总耗氧量)之间的关系。EOD的定义是污染物中各个组份单体的耗氧量。提出了化合物燃烧反应的总方程式。除少数无机化合物外,一些有机化合物和一些无机化合物的TOD实测值,与从化合物燃烧反应总方程式中计算的理论TOD值,呈现了较好的一致性;而且TOD值是各组份单体EOD量的总和。同时使用几个有机化合物研究了,COD(碳耗氧量)——碳的EOD和NOD(氮耗氧量)——氮的EOD在TOD中的比例COD/TOD的比值通常在0.5以上,而NOD/TOD之比值则在0.25以下。在活性污泥处理试验厂中,进水COD/TOD的比值是0.76,而NOD/TOD的比值则是0.075,但是出水NOD/TOD的比值则大于COD/TOD的比值。

关键词：总耗氧量 NOD 总需氧量 TOD 活性污泥处理 COD

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Wave drift Damping of a Cylinder array Slowly Drifted in the Horizontal Plane by Waves

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武汉理工大学学报（交通科学与工程版） 1999年第S1期24卷 43-52页

作者： Takeshi Kinoshita 1) Weiguang Bao 1) Shunji sunahara 2) Mengwei Li 1) (Institute of Industrial Science,University of Tokyo 1) ) (School of Marine Science and Technology,Tokai University,Japan 2) )

A moored array of circular cylinders undergoes slow oscillations in the horizontal plane,***,sway and yaw,due to the non linear excitation of ocean *** evaluate wave drift damping,the slow oscillation is approximated by quasi steady motions or equivalently,a uniform flow is superposed to the wave *** the case of yawing motion,a uniform rotation about the yawing axis is enforced to the entire fluid *** velocity potential is expanded into perturbation series based on two small parameters that measure wave slope and velocity of steady *** drift forces (moment) are calculated by the far field *** arrangements are also *** data are compared to the calculated results to verify the present theory.

关键词： wave drift model test cylinder array calculation

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