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The production of carbon nanotubes from carbon dioxide:challenges and opportunities

Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry 2010年第5期19卷 453-460页

作者： geoffrey s.simate sunny E.Iyuke sehliselo Ndlovu Clarence s.Yah Lubinda F.Walubita school of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering University of the Witwatersrand TTI-Texas A&M University system College Station

Recent advances in the production of carbon nanotubes （CNTs） are reviewed with an emphasis on the use of carbon dioxide （CO2） as a sole source of carbon. Compared to the most widely used carbon precursors such as graphite, methane, acetylene, ethanol, ethylene, and coal-derived hydrocarbons, CO2 is competitively cheaper with relatively high carbon yield content. However, CNT synthesis from CO2 is a newly emerging technology, and hence it needs to be ex- plored further. A theoretical and analytical comparison of the cur- rently existing CNT-CO2 synthesis techniques is given including a review of some of the process parameters （i.e., temperature, pres- sure, catalyst, etc.） that affect the CO2 reduction rate. such analysis indicates that there is still a fundamental need to further explore the following aspects so as to realize the full potential of CO2 based CNT technology：（1） the CNT-CO2 synthesis and formation mechanism, （2） catalytic effects of transitional metals and mechanisms, （3） uti- lization of metallocenes in the CNT-CO2 reactions, （4） applicability of ferrite-organometallic compounds in the CNT-CO2 synthesis reactions, and （5） the effects of process parameters such as temperature, etc.

关键词： supercritical CO2 CO2 reduction chemical vapour decomposition(CVD) carbon nanotubes ferrite catalysts

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Design and Development of a Parabolic Trough solar Air Heater for a Greenhouse Dryer

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2024年第9期12卷 1-18页

作者： Eric King’ori Isaac N. simate Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia Department of Agricultural Engineering The University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia

Design and Development of a Parabolic Trough solar Air Heater (PTsAH) for a Greenhouse Dryer (GD) was done to improve the dryer’s performance. The materials used for the fabrication of the PTsAH included galvanized sheets covered with aluminium foil, an absorber tube made of GI pipe painted matt black to increase heat absorbance at the focal line, mild steel square tubes, shutter plywood, and an axial fan to push air through the absorber tube. Key geometrical parameters used for the design of the PTsAH were a rim angle of 98 degrees, focal length of 0.2608 m, height of 0.3451 m, length of 2 m, and an aperture width of 1.2 m. The PTsAH’s total aperture surface area was 2.4 m2, while its absorber tube surface area was 0.1587 m2. The PTsAH was experimentally tested to establish its thermal performance. It was found that the ambient air recorded an average value of 31.1˚C and that the air heater could increase the air temperature by 45.6˚C above ambient with a thermal efficiency of 5.3%. It can, therefore, be concluded that the PTsAH can significantly improve the performance of a GD by supplying the GD with air at a higher temperature than ambient.

关键词： solar Air Heater Greenhouse Dryer Parabolic Trough Thermal Performance

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