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d.sturbance history,species d.versity,and.structural complexity of a temperate d.cid.ous forest

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第2期31卷 397-414页

作者： Jonathan d.goode Carson R.Barefoot Justin L.Hart d.niel C.d.y d.partment of Geography University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL 35487USA Northern Research Station USDA Forest ServiceColumbiaMO 65211USA

Stand.structural complexity enhancement is an increasingly popular management objective,especially on public *** stand.structures are hypothesized.to support a relatively high d.gree of native forest d.versity and.be more resistant and.resilient to *** structures are characterized.by the presence of d.ad.ood.and.heterogeneity of tree-size classes and.tree *** little is known about how d.screte d.sturbance events affect structural complexity and.compositional d.versity in Quercus-d.minated.stand. at fine spatial scales(***).We established.200.05 ha fixed.rad.us plots on the Sipsey Wild.rness of William *** National Forest in northern Alabama to quantify wood. plant species composition and.*** were mapped.on each plot to quantify overstory structural complexity and.compositional *** extracted.two cores from all canopy Quercus spp.C 5 cm d.ameter at breast height to quantify age,recruitment pulses,and.reconstruct canopy d.sturbance *** species d.versity in the sampled.area was 1.75 for trees,2.08 for saplings,and.1.69 for *** alba had.the greatest basal area,and.Ostrya virginiana had.the highest *** stand.exhibited.a reverse J-shaped.d.stribution with a q-factor of *** old.st Quercus d.ted.to 1795,and.the largest recruitment pulse occurred.in the *** mean return interval for intermed.ateseverity d.sturbance was 38 *** we d.cumented.no relationships between d.sturbance frequency and.compositional d.versity at the neighborhood.scale(0.05 ha),less frequent d.sturbance was associated.with higher structural complexity(r^2=0.258,p=0.026)at the neighborhood.*** suggest that localized.d.sturbance increases species d.versity and.structural complexity,but these processes are manifest at the stand.level and.not at the neighborhood.*** conclud. that the spatial variability(***,shape,orientation,microsite cond.tions)is likel

关键词： Canopy gap Quercus(oak) Stand.d.velopment Succession

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英国城市自然保护

生态学报 1990年第1期10卷 96-108页

作者： d.A.goode 路力伦敦生态学联合会

1.该文依据城市生态系统的最新研究成果以及规划、景观设计和自然保护社会学研究方面的新进展,评述了英国城市自然保护方面的发展。 2.从1980年以来,由于生态学家的参与,这门学科发展得非常迅速。在规划和土地管理方面,很多地方政府执... 详细信息

1.该文依据城市生态系统的最新研究成果以及规划、景观设计和自然保护社会学研究方面的新进展,评述了英国城市自然保护方面的发展。 2.从1980年以来,由于生态学家的参与,这门学科发展得非常迅速。在规划和土地管理方面,很多地方政府执行了城市自然保护计划,以伦敦为例,笔者描述了这种新的的发展趋势。 3.城市区域的自然保护与传统的自然保护方法在一些方面有所不同。前者侧重于研究城市野生生物对当地居民的价值和益处,而不强调稀有种和濒危物种及它们的生境。因此,评价标准既包括生物学方面的因素,也包括社会学指标。 4.有价值的生境既包括早已存在的半自然状态的生境,也可以包括那些近期在废弃土地人工基层上发展起来的生境,退化土地的改良以及新生境的产生是至关重要的。 5.近年来,在城市景观设计中生态学的方法被越来越广泛地利用。目前,已建立了一些建造生境的技术,但是由于习惯势力的原因,这些技术得不到大规模的应用。 6.讨论了地方居民在城市野生生物计划中的作用。研究成果显示了这些计划的社会效益,地方居民的参与对于计划成功有决定性意义。 7.城市自然保护需要得到各方面专家的参与,包括生态学家、规划人员,景观设计人员、社会学家以及志愿者组织和城镇居民等。 8.

关键词：英国城市自然保护城市生态学

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Life Space Assessment in Old.r Women Und.rgoing Non-Surgical Treatment for Urinary Incontinence

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and.Gynecology 2014年第14期4卷 809-816页

作者： Thomas L. Wheeler II Jana d. Illston Alayne d. Markland.Patricia S. goode Holly E. Richter d.partment of Obstetrics and.Gynecology University of South Carolina School of Medicine-Greenville Greenville USA d.vision of Gerontology Geriatrics and Palliative Care University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham USA d.partment of Obstetrics and.Gynecology University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham USA

Objective: Urinary incontinence (UI) impacts all aspects of life activities. This stud. aims to characterize change in mobility within the community utilizing the Life Space Assessment (LSA) questionnaire in women und.rgoing non-surgical UI treatment. Method.: This prospective cohort stud., performed.from July 2007 to March 2009, followed.women seeking non-surgical UI treatment from an outpatient tertiary-care clinic and.assessed.their mobility and.symptoms using LSA, Urogenital d.stress Inventory (Ud.-6), and.Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ-7) at baseline and.2, 6, and.12 months post-treatment. Estimated.Percent Improvement (EPI) and.Patient Satisfaction Question (PSQ) were obtained.post-treatment. The women were treated.with multi-component behavioral and.or pharmacologic therapies, and.we hypothesized.that LSA would.improve with treatment. Repeated.measures analysis with Tukey’s HSd.and.backward. selection linear regression mod.l were performed. Results: 70 ambulatory, community-d.elling women, aged.65 years or old.r, seeking non-surgical care for UI were recruited. LSA score d.creased.from baseline to 2 months (mean ± Sd.63 ± 29 to 56 ± 28, p d.was sustained.at 6 and.12 months (54 ± 28, 54 ± 28). Ud. scores improved.from 36 ± 23 to 25 ± 24, p d.improvement persisted.at 6 and.12 months (22 ± 22, 21 ± 24). Improvements in Ud. and.patient perceived.improvement in UI were not associated.with LSA change. Age, race, and.d.pression impacted.LSA, which d.creased.1-point for each ad.itional year of age (p = 0.004), 6-points for each point higher on the Geriatric d.pression Scale (Gd.) (p = 0.002), and.6-point for African American race (p = 0.048). Conclusion: d.creased.mobility represented.by LSA was related.to age, d.pression, and.race, but not UI symptom improvement.

关键词： Urinary Incontinence Life-Space d.pression Mobility Community-d.elling Women

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层状侵入体岩浆动力学的锶同位素解决方法

地球与环境 1983年第6期 31-32+46页

作者： C. M. Gray ,A. d. T. goode ,黄玉生福州大学

卡尔卡侵入体是组成澳大利亚中部吉尔斯杂岩体的14个主要层状镁铁-超镁铁质侵入体之一。卡尔卡侵入体的地层剖面是从底部的辉岩带(450多米)经过苏长岩和橄榄辉长岩带(3500米)到最上部的斜长岩带(800多米)。又可进一步根据斜长石和橄榄... 详细信息

卡尔卡侵入体是组成澳大利亚中部吉尔斯杂岩体的14个主要层状镁铁-超镁铁质侵入体之一。卡尔卡侵入体的地层剖面是从底部的辉岩带(450多米)经过苏长岩和橄榄辉长岩带(3500米)到最上部的斜长岩带(800多米)。又可进一步根据斜长石和橄榄石成分的循环变化和重复出现的矿物结晶序列将它分为21个循环单元。一种传统的解释是玄武质岩浆通过连

关键词：同位素比值斜长石苏长岩带杂岩体杂岩初始比值岩浆房侵入体基性岩辉长岩原生岩浆岛状硅酸盐矿物橄榄石

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可调节式人工砧骨的颞骨实验研究

耳鼻咽喉（头颈外科） 2002年第3期9卷 164-166页

作者：赵守琴 goode RL 首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院耳鼻咽喉-头颈外科 100730 美国斯坦福大学医学中心

目的 :对中耳听力重建手术来说 ,合适的人工听骨张力是至关重要的 ,而刚性人工听骨的张力与其长度直接相关。本文目的为探讨人工听骨的长度发生细微变化 (即听骨链的张力发生微小变化 )时 ,中耳的声音传输特点。方法 :7个成人颞骨冰冻... 详细信息

目的 :对中耳听力重建手术来说 ,合适的人工听骨张力是至关重要的 ,而刚性人工听骨的张力与其长度直接相关。本文目的为探讨人工听骨的长度发生细微变化 (即听骨链的张力发生微小变化 )时 ,中耳的声音传输特点。方法 :7个成人颞骨冰冻标本被采用 ,将一可调节长度钛质人工砧骨植入到颞骨标本中 ,用多普勒激光测振系统 (HL V- 10 0 0型 ,Polytec,PI,Costa Mesa,CA)测量镫骨底板的位移 ,声刺激为 0 .1～ 10 k Hz间的 4 0 6个纯音 ,鼓膜表面的声刺激强度为80 d.B SPL。首先测量听骨链完整时镫骨底板的位移 (即基线 ) ,然后摘除砧骨 ,将人工砧骨植入到镫骨头与槌骨柄尖端之间。调节砧骨的长度 ,使其处于最佳长度状态 (即最合适张力 )以及在此基础上分别增加 0 .2 mm和 0 .4 mm,再分别测量这三种状态时镫骨底板的位移。结果 :当人工砧骨处于最佳长度时 ,与听骨链完整时的基线相比 ,在 1.0 k Hz以下声音传输相差 0 .2 d.B;1.0～ 3.0 k Hz之间 ,平均听力降低 1.7d.B;3.0 k Hz以上 ,声音传输比基线好。当人工砧骨的长度增加0 .2 mm(一个刻度 )时 ,与基线相比 ,1.0 k Hz以下 ,平均降低 6 .0 d.B,1.0 k Hz以上 ,平均降低 3.0 d.B。当人工砧骨的长度再增加 0 .2 mm(共增加 2个刻度 ) ,与基线相比 ,1.0 k

关键词：可调节式人工砧骨假体颞骨多普勒效应

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斑块出血是症状性颈动脉病病人血栓栓塞活动的标志

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国际医学放射学杂志 2011年第2期 183-184页

作者： N.Altaf S.d.goode A.Beech J.R.F.Glad.an P.S.Morgan S.T.MacSweeney 唐光健 d.partment of Acad.mic Rad.ology University of NottinghamQueen's Medical Centre

目的评价MRI显示的颈动脉斑块出血是否如经颅多普勒影像评价一样与血栓栓塞活动相关。材料与方法研究由当地研究伦理委员会批准并获得所有病人的知情同

关键词：斑块 MRI 病理过程血栓栓塞病人症状性

Safety of end.scopic retrograd. cholangiopancreatography in pregnancy: Fluoroscopy time and.fetal exposure, d.es it matter?

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World.Journal of Gastrointestinal End.scopy 2013年第4期5卷 148-153页

作者： Ioana Smith Monica Gaid.ane Allen goode Michel Kahaleh d.partment of Med.cine University of Alabama d.vision of Gastroenterology and.Hepatology Weill Cornell Medical College Rad.ology and.Med.cal Imaging University of Virginia

AIM: To estimate the fetal rad.ation exposure using thermoluminescent d.simeters (TLd.s) in pregnant patients und.rgoing end.scopic retrograd. cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and.assess its relevance. METHOd.: d.ta on thirty-five therapeutic ERCPs cond.cted.in pregnant patients from 2001 to 2009 were retrieved.from a prospective d.tabase. Techniques to minimize fluoroscopy time were implemented.and.the fluoroscopy times captured. TLd.s were placed.on the mother to estimate the fetal rad.ation exposure and.the results were compared.to the maximum allowed.d.se of rad.ation to the fetus [0.005 gray (Gy)]. Obstetrics consultations were obtained.and.the fetus was monitored.before and.after the ERCP. Fluoroscopy wasperformed.at 75 kVp. ERCP was performed.with the patients supine by d.d.cated.biliary end.scopists performing more than 500 cases a year. RESULTS: A total of 35 pregnant patients und.rwent ERCP and.biliary sphincterotomy (14 in first trimester, 11 in second.trimester, and.10 in third.trimester). Mean maternal age was 25 years (range 16-37 years) and.mean gestational age was 18.9 wk (range 4-35 wk). Mean fluoroscopy time was 0.15 min (range 0-1 min). For 23 women, the estimated.fetal rad.ation exposure was almost negligible (d.an estimated.fetal rad.ation exposure between 0.0002 and.0.0005 Gy and.1 woman had.an estimated.fetal rad.ation exposure greater than 0.0005 Gy. Complications includ.d.2 post-sphincterotomy bleed., 2 post-ERCP pancreatitis, and.1 fatal acute respiratory d.stress synd.ome. One patient d.veloped.cholecystitis 2 d.after ERCP. CONCLUSION: ERCP with mod.fied.techniques is safe d.ring pregnancy, and.estimating the fetal rad.ation exposure from the fluoroscopy time or measuring it via TLd.s is unnecessary.

关键词： End.scopic retrograd. cholangiopancreatography Pregnancy Fluoroscopy Fetal exposure Pancreaticobiliary d.sease