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Technical reports and theoretical studies about the structural behaviour of masonry domes in the 18th century

Frontiers of Architectural Research 2023年第1期12卷 42-66页

作者： gema m.lopez-manzanares Department of Architecture Universidad de AlcalaAlcala´de HenaresSpain

The development of the scientific theory on the stability of vaulted structures was driven mainly during the 18th century based on applying the laws of mechanics and the knowledge of the properties of *** the specific case of structures such as domes,the development of the theory is closely related to the theory of arches and ***,the main contributions are made in technical reports on the construction,stability,and repair of domes,such as the dome of Saint Peter’s in Rome and Sainte-Genevie`ve or Pantheon in *** article,therefore,analyses the relationship between theory and practice and the development achieved in the specific subject of masonry domes during the 18th century from the point of view of the Limit Analysis of masonry *** a more general sense,the objective of this research is to study in greater depth the theory of Limit Analysis itself,that is,to learn from the work carried out in the 18th century by mathematicians,architects,and engineers,who,although unaware of the existence of the theoretical framework of Limit Analysis as such,moved within it.

关键词： Structural analysis masonry structures Limit analysis Technical reports Pathology Reinforcement Iron rings Domes

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Regulation of the New Arabidopsis Imprinted Gene AtBmIIC Requires the Interplay of Different Epigenetic mechanisms

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molecular Plant 2012年第1期5卷 260-269页

作者： Fabian Bratzel ChaoYang Alexandra Angelova gema lopez-Torrejon marcus Koch Juan Carlos del Pozo myriam Calonje Centre for Organismal Studies Heidelberg Department of Biodiversity and Plant Systernatics University of Heidelberg Im Neuenheirner Feld 345 69120 Heidelberg Germany Centro de Biotecnologia y Genomica de Plantas （UPm-INIA） Campus de Montegancedo s/n Boadilla del Monte 28660 Madrid Spain

Recently, it has been shown that plants contain homologs to the animal Polycomb repressive complex I （PRC1） components Bm11 and RINGIA/B. In Arabidopsis, there are three BmIl-like genes, two of which, AtBmIIA and B, are required during post-embryonic plant growth to repress embryonic traits and allow cell differentiation. However, little is known about the third BmIl-like gene, AtBmIIC. In this work, we show that AtBmIIC is only expressed during endosperm and stamen development. AtBmIIC is an imprinted gene expressed from the maternal allele in the endosperm but bialleli- cally expressed in stamen. We found that the characteristic expression pattern of AtBmIIC is the result of a complex epigenetic regulation that involves CG DNA methylation, RNA-directed non-CG DNA methylation （RdDm）, and PcG activity. Our results show the orchestrated interplay of different epigenetic mechanisms in regulating gene expression throughout development, shedding light on the current hypotheses for the origin and mechanism of imprinting in plant endosperm.

关键词： Epigenetics gene silencing development Polycomb Group proteins.

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