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A Comparative Study between Landmark Based and Real Time Ultrasound Guided Sub Arachnoid Block

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2024年第4期14卷 118-125页

作者： Kunal Tewari Om Bahadur Thapa Deepak Mishra Manjot Multani Jyotsna Sharma Akash Ray mohapatra Sandhya Khwaunju Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Armed Forces Medical College Pune India Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care AFMC Pune India

Background: Sub arachnoid block (SAB) performed by traditional landmark palpation technique can be inaccurate. This problem is exacerbated by altered patient anatomy due to obesity and age-related changes. A pre-procedural ultrasound scan of the lumbar spine has been shown to be of benefit in guiding lumbar epidural insertion in obstetric patients. Information on the use of real-time ultrasound (RUS) guided SAB, to date, been limited. This study compared RUS guided SAB to traditional landmark guided technique in patients undergoing spinal anesthesia for different surgical procedures. Methods: This was a prospective, single center, comparative observational study conducted in the department of anesthesiology at our center. 560 patients who underwent spinal anesthesia either by landmark based technique or real-time ultrasound-guided methods. The primary outcome was the first attempt success rate of dural puncture when employing the two methods. Results: Baseline characteristics were similar in the two study groups. The first attempt success rate of dural puncture in landmark guided group was 64.3% compared to 72.6% in the ultrasound guided group. This difference was not statistically significant. The procedure performance time was significantly shorter with landmark palpation compared to use of real-time ultrasound guided method. Conclusion: Use of RUS-guided technique does not significantly improve the first attempt success rate of SAB dural puncture during spinal anesthesia compared to the traditional landmark-guided technique.

关键词： Sub Arachnoid Block (SAB) Real Time Ultrasound (RUS)

Comparison of efficacy of lung ultrasound and chest X-ray in diagnosing pulmonary edema and pleural effusion in ICU patients: A single centre, prospective, observational study

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2024年第3期14卷 41-50页

作者： Kunal Tewari Sumanth Pelluru Deepak Mishra Nitin Pahuja Akash Ray mohapatra Jyotsna Sharma Om Bahadur Thapa Manjot Multani Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Armed Forces Medical College Pune India Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Military Hospital Bhopal India

Background and Aims While chest X-ray (CXR) has been a conventional tool in intensive care units (ICUs) to identify lung pathologies, computed tomography (CT) scan remains the gold standard. Use of lung ultrasound (LUS) in resource-rich ICUs is still under investigation. The present study compares the utility of LUS to that of CXR in identifying pulmonary edema and pleural effusion in ICU patients. In addition, consolidation and pneumothorax were analyzed as secondary outcome measures. Material and Methods This is a prospective, single centric, observational study. Patients admitted in ICU were examined for lung pathologies, using LUS by a trained intensivist;and CXR done within 4 hours of each other. The final diagnosis was ascertained by an independent senior radiologist, based on the complete medical chart including clinical findings and the results of thoracic CT, if available. The results were compared and analyzed. Results Sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of LUS was 95%, 94.4%, 94.67% for pleural effusion;and 98.33%, 97.78%, 98.00% for pulmonary edema respectively. Corresponding values with CXR were 48.33%, 76.67%, 65.33% for pleural effusion;and 36.67%, 82.22% and 64.00% for pulmonary edema respectively. Sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of LUS was 91.30%, 96.85%, 96.00% for consolidation;and 100.00%, 79.02%, 80.00% for pneumothorax respectively. Corresponding values with CXR were 60.87%, 81.10%, 78.00% for consolidation;and 71.3%, 97.20%, 96.00% for pneumothorax respectively. Conclusion LUS has better diagnostic accuracy in diagnosis of pleural effusion and pulmonary edema when compared with CXR and is thus recommended as an effective alternative for diagnosis of these conditions in acute care settings. Our study recommends that a thoracic CT scan can be avoided in most of such cases.

关键词： Chest X ray (CXR) Consolidation Pulmonary edema Pleural effusion Lung ultrasound (LUS) Pneumothorax

Uniform Convergence Analysis of Finite Difference Scheme for Singularly Perturbed Delay Differential Equation on an Adaptively Generated Grid

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Numerical Mathematics(Theory,Methods and Applications) 2010年第1期3卷 1-22页

作者： Jugal mohapatra Srinivasan Natesan Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology GuwahatiGuwahati-781 039India

Adaptive grid methods are established as valuable computational technique in approximating effectively the solutions of problems with boundary or interior layers. In this paper,we present the analysis of an upwind scheme for singularly perturbed differential-difference equation on a grid which is formed by equidistributing arc-length monitor *** is shown that the discrete solution obtained converges uniformly with respect to the perturbation *** experiments illustrate in practice the result of convergence proved theoretically.

关键词： Singular perturbation problems delay differential equations boundary layer upwind scheme adaptive mesh uniform convergence.

Source Code Prioritization Using Forward Slicing for Exposing Critical Elements in a Program

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2011年第2期26卷 314-327页

作者： Mitrabinda Ray Kanhaiya lal Kumawat Durga Prasad mohapatra Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology

Even after thorough testing, a few bugs still remain in a program with moderate complexity. These residual bugs are randomly distributed throughout the code. We have noticed that bugs in some parts of a program cause frequent and severe failures compared to those in other parts. Then, it is necessary to take a decision about what to test more and what to test less within the testing budget. It is possible to prioritize the methods and classes of an object-oriented program according to their potential to cause failures. For this, we propose a program metric called influence metric to find the influence of a program element on the source code. First, we represent the source code into an intermediate graph called extended system dependence graph. Then, forward slicing is applied on a node of the graph to get the influence of that node. The influence metric for a method m in a program shows the number of statements of the program which directly or indirectly use the result produced by method m. We compute the influence metric for a class c based on the influence metric of all its methods. As influence metric is computed statically, it does not show the expected behavior of a class at run time. It is already known that faults in highly executed parts tend to more failures. Therefore, we have considered operational profile to find the average execution time of a class in a system. Then, classes are prioritized in the source code based on influence metric and average execution time. The priority of an element indicates the potential of the element to cause failures. Once all program elements have been prioritized, the testing effort can be apportioned so that the elements causing frequent failures will be tested thoroughly. We have conducted experiments for two well-known case studies -- Library Management System and Trading Automation System -- and successfully identified critical elements in the source code of each case study. We have also conducted experiments to compar

关键词： program slice extended system dependence graph influence of a class test priority

Synthesis of Co3O4 Nanoparticles Wrapped Within Full Carbon Matrix as an Anode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2018年第2期31卷 164-170页

作者： Subhalaxmi mohapatra Shantikumar V.Nair Alok Kumar Rai Amrita Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Amrita University Kochi Kerala 682041 India

A facile polyol-assisted pyro-synthesis method was used to synthesize Co3O4 nanoparticles embedded into carbon matrix without using any conventional carbon source. The surface analysis by scanning electron microscopy showed that the Co3O4 nanoparticles（-20 ± 5 nm） are tightly enwrapped within the carbon matrix. CHN analysis determined the carbon content was only 0.11% in the final annealed sample. The Co3O4@carbon exhibited high capacities and excellent cycling performance as an anode at various current rates（such as 914.4 and 515.5 mAh g^-1 at 0.25 and1.0 C, respectively, after 50 cycles; 318.2 mAh g^-1 at a high current rate of 5.0 C after 25 cycles）. This superior electrochemical performance of the electrode can be attributed to the various aspects, such as,（1） the existence of carbon matrix, which acts as a flexible buffer to accommodate the volume changes during Li^＋ion insertion/deinsertion and facilitates the fast Li^＋and electron transfer and（2） the anchoring of Co3O4 nanoparticles within the carbon matrix prevents particles agglomeration.

关键词： Co3O4 Carbon matrix Pyro-synthesis Anode Lithium ion battery

A laboratory scale study on arsenic(V) removal from aqueous medium using calcined bauxite ore

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第6期20卷 683-689页

作者： Debasish mohapatra Debaraj Mishra Kyung Ho Park DAEIL Development Co. Ltd. Research and Development CenterAnsan 425 836 Korea. Minerals and Materials Processing Division Korea Institute of Geosciences and Mineral ResourcesDaejeon 305 350 Korea

The present work deals with the As（Ⅴ） removal from an aqueous medium by calcined refractory grade bauxite （CRB） as a function of solution pH, time, As（Ⅴ） concentration and temperature. The residual As（Ⅴ） was lowered from 2 mg/L to below 0.01 mg/L in the optimum pH range 4.0-7.0 using a 5 g/L CRB within 3 h contact time. The adsorption data fits well with Langmuir isotherm and yielded Langmuir monolayer capacity of 1.78 mg As（Ⅴ）/g of CRB at pH 7.0. Presence of anions such as silicate and phosphate decreased As（Ⅴ） adsorption efficiency. An increase temperature resulted a decrease in the amount of As（Ⅴ） adsorbed by 6%. The continuous fixed bed column study showed that at the adsorbent bed depth of 30 cm and residence time of 168 min, the CRB was capable of treating 340 bed volumes of As（V） spiked water （C0 = 2 mg/L） before breakthrough （Ce = 0.01 mg/L）. This solid adsorbent, although not reusable, can be considered for design of adsorption columns as an efficiency arsenic adsorption media.

关键词： adsorption As(Ⅴ) calcination adsorption isotherm column study

Erosive Wear Study of PPLSF ／ Glass Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Laminates

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Towards the development of cavitation technology for upgrading bitumen： Viscosity change and chemical cavitation yield measurements

哈尔滨工业大学学报（英文版） 2024年第2期 68页

作者： Chetana Tripathy Deepak Kumar mohapatra Chitta Ranjan Deo Punyapriya Mishra

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Petroleum Science 2017年第2期14卷 404-411页

作者： Deepak M. Kirpalani Dipti Prakash mohapatra Energy Mining and Environment Portfolio National Research Council of Canada 1200 Montreal Road Ottawa ON K1A 0R6 Canada

Among the different methods used for reducing viscosity of bitumen,acoustic cavitation during sonication is well *** chemical methods were used to detect the production of reactive species such as hydroxyl radicals and hydrogen peroxide during acoustic cavitation ***,quantification of cavitation yield in sonochemical systems is generally limited to low frequencies and has not been applied to bitumen *** empirical determination of the cavitation yield in midto high-frequency range（378,574,850,992,and1173 k Hz）was carried out by measuring the amount of iodine liberated from the oxidation of potassium iodide（KI）.Further,cavitation yield and the effects of different sonic operating conditions such as power input（16.67%–83.33%）and solute concentration on cavitation yield were carried out in KI solution and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose–water mixture to obtain benchmark changes in rheology and chemistry using these two model *** findings were then applied to bitumen upgrading through *** this study,it was found that the chemical cavitation yield peaked with a sonication frequency of 574 k *** was also found that cavitation yield and viscosity change were correlated directly in bitumen and a 38%lower bitumen viscosity could be obtained by acoustic cavitation.

关键词： Bitumen Cavitation yield CMC-water KI solution Viscosity correlation

Interaction between surface gravity wave and submerged horizontal flexible structures

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2018年第3期30卷 481-498页

作者： Sarat Chandra mohapatra Trilochan Sahoo C.Guedes Soares Centre for Marine Technology and Ocean Engineering (CENTEC) Instituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de Lisboa Department of Ocean Engineering and Naval Architecture Indian Institute of Technology

Interactions between surface gravity wave and submerged horizontal flexible structures are studied under the assumption of small amplitude water wave theory and structural response. The generalized dispersion relation associated with surface gravity wave interaction with submerged horizontal flexible plate is analyzed to understand the characteristics of the two propagating modes due to the presence of the free surface and submerged horizontal plate. The phase and group velocities are studied in order to analyze the effect of submerged flexible plate on gravity wave motion. The expansion formulae based on Green’s function technique and eigenfunction expansion method using Fourier transform with appropriate orthogonal mode-coupling relation associated with surface gravity wavemaker problems are derived and compared in both the cases of water of finite and infinite depths. The usefulness of the expansion formulae is demonstrated by deriving the solution for surface gravity wave interaction with submerged articulated flexible plate in water of finite depth. Several numerical results on reflection and transmission coefficients related to submerged flexible plate are presented in order to understand the effect of submerged flexible structure on surface wave motion in different cases.

关键词： Submerged flexible structures Green’s function expansion formulae articulated submerged plate reflection and transmission coefficients