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Regional Rainfall Damage Functions to Estimate Direct Economic Losses in Rainstorms: A Case Study of the 2016 Extreme Rainfall Event in Hebei Province of China

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK SCIENCE 2024年第4期15卷 508-520页

作者： Chen, Xiaojuan Xu, Yifu Li, Ting wei, Jun wu, Jidong China Meteorol Adm Xiongan Atmospher Boundary Layer Key Lab Xiongan New Area 071800 Peoples R China Key Lab Meteorol & Ecol Environm Hebei Prov Shijiazhuang 050021 Peoples R China Meteorol Disaster Prevent & Environm Meteorol Ctr Shijiazhuang 050021 Peoples R China Beijing Normal Univ Zhuhai Joint Int Res Lab Catastrophe Simulat & Syst Risk Zhuhai 519087 Peoples R China

Developing a regional damage function to quickly estimate direct economic losses (DELs) caused by heavy rain and floods is crucial for providing scientific supports in effective disaster response and risk reduction. This study investigated the factors that influence regional rainfall-induced damage and developed a calibrated regional rainfall damage function (RDF) using data from the 2016 extreme rainfall event in Hebei Province, China. The analysis revealed that total precipitation, asset value exposure, per capita GDP, and historical geological disaster density at both the township and county levels significantly affect regional rainfall-induced damage. The coefficients of the calibrated RDF indicate that doubling the values of these factors leads to varying increases or decreases in rainfall-induced damage. Furthermore, the study demonstrated a spatial scale dependency in the coefficients of the RDF, with increased elasticity values for asset value exposure and per capita GDP at the county level compared to the township level. The findings emphasize the challenges of applying RDFs across multiple scales and highlight the importance of considering socioeconomic factors in assessing rainfall-induced damage. Despite the limitations and uncertainties of the RDF developed, this study contributes to our understanding of the relationship between physical and socioeconomic factors and rainfall-induced damage. Future research should prioritize enhancing exposure estimation and calibrating RDFs for various types of rainfall-induced disasters to improve model accuracy and performance. The study also acknowledges the variation in RDF performance across different physical environments, especially concerning geological disasters and slope stability.

关键词： Regional rainfall damage function Loss attribution Direct economic losses Rainfall intensity Asset value Vulnerability ASSET VALUE FLOOD IMPACT MODEL

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Adhesion strength of tetrahydrofuran hydrates is dictated by substrate stiffness

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 667-673页

作者： Yan-Wen Lin Tong Li Yi Zhang wei-wei Yan Xiao-Ming Chen Zhi-Sen Zhang Jian-Yang wu Department of Physics Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft MatterJiujiang Research Institute and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials ResearchXiamen UniversityXiamen361005FujianChina Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective TechnologiesNingbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo315201ZhejiangChina Key Laboratory of Icing and Anti/De-icing China Aerodynamics Research and Development CenterMianyang621000SichuanChina Micro-and Nano-technology Research Center State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049ShaanxiChina Electronic Materials Research Lab Key Laboratory of the Ministry of EducationXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049ShaanxiChina NTNU Nanomechanical Lab Norwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)Trondheim7491Norway

Understanding the hydrate adhesion is important to tackling hydrate accretion in ***,the relationship between the Tetrahydrofuran(THF)hydrate adhesion strength(AS)and surface stiffness on elastic coatings is systemically examined by experimental shear force measurements and theoretical *** mechanical factor-elastic modulus of the coatings greatly dictates the hydrate AS,which is explained by the adhesion mechanics theory,beyond the usual factors such as wettability and structural ***,the hydrate AS increases with reducing the thickness of the elastic coatings,resulted from the decrease of the apparent surface elastic *** effect of critical thickness for the elastic materials with variable elastic modulus on the hydrate AS is also *** study provides deep perspectives on the regulation of the hydrate AS by the elastic modulus of elastic materials,which is of significance to design anti-hydrate surfaces for mitigation of hydrate accretion in petro-pipelines.

关键词： Hydrate Adhesion strength Elastic modulus Coatings

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New method to identify optimal discontinuity set number of rock tunnel excavation face orientation based on Fisher mixed evaluation

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Underground Space 2024年第4期17卷 300-319页

作者： Keshen Zhang wei wu Min Zhang Yongsheng Liu Yong Huang Baolin Chen College of Civil Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Key Laboratory of geotechnical and Underground Engineering of Ministry of Education Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China State Key Laboratory of Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Shudao Investment Group Co.Ltd Chengdu 610095China China Railway Tunnel Group Co.Ltd Guangzhou 511466China China Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Co.Ltd Xi’an 710043China Zhejiang Institute of Communications Co.Ltd Hangzhou 310012China

Discontinuity is critical for strength,deformability,and permeability of rock *** information is one of the essential discontinuity characteristics and is usually accessed by orientation *** methods of identifying optimal discontinuity set numbers are usually achieved by clustering validity indexes,which mainly relies on the aggregation and dispersion of clusters and leads to the inaccuracy and instability of *** paper proposes a new method of Fisher mixed evaluation(FME)to identify optimal group numbers of rock mass discontinuity *** FME,orientation distribution is regarded as the superposition of Fisher mixed *** grouping results are identified by considering the fitting accuracy of Fisher mixed distributions,the probability monopoly and central location significance of independent Fisher centers.A Halley-Expectation-Maximization(EM)algorithm is derived to achieve an automatic fitting of Fisher mixed *** real rock discontinuity models combined with three orientation clustering algorithms are adopted for discontinuity *** clustering validity indexes are used to automatically identify optimal group numbers for *** results show that FME is more accurate and robust than the other clustering validity indexes in optimal discontinuity group number identification for different rock models and orientation clustering algorithms.

关键词： Rock mass discontinuity Orientation grouping Fisher mixed distribution 3D point cloud Stereo photogrammetry

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Biomimetic leaf structures for ultra-thin electromagnetic wave absorption

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4507-4516页

作者： Shikun Hou Ying Wang Feng Gao Fei Jin Benfeng Zhu Qiong wu Hongliang ge Zhihai Cao Hua Yang Magnetism Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province&College of Optical and Electronic Technology China Jiliang UniversityHangzhou 310018China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of TechnologyShantou 515063China Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology and Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing&Finishing of Textiles Ministry of EducationZhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018China

Ultra-thin electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorbers present challenging demands on EMW absorption *** inspiration from heather leaf structures,this study introduces an innovative design strategy for EMW absorbing material,proposing biomimetic leaf SnO_(2) structures(bio-SnO_(2))on carbon fabric(CF).By employing leaf-shaped SnS2 as precursors,biomimetic leaf SnO_(2) nanostructures are constructed on CF surface after a simple thermal treatment,resulting in bio-SnO_(2)@CF *** results indicate that bio-SnO_(2)@CF exhibits an exceptional minimum reflection loss of-54.8 dB at an incredibly thin thickness of 1.2 *** cross section(RCS)simulations further validate the outstanding EMW attenuation ability of bio-SnO_(2)@CF,attaining a maximum RCS reduction value of 16.9 dBm^(2) at an incident wave angle ofθ=0°.This novel research showcases the biomimetic structural design strategy and its remarkable function in enhancing the EMW absorbing performance at ultra-thin absorber thickness.

关键词： biomimetic leaf structures electromagnetic wave absorption ultra-thin thickness

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Design optimization and testing of a morphing leading-edge with a variable-thickness compliant skin and a closed-chain mechanism

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第7期37卷 285-300页

作者： Zhigang WANG Xiasheng SUN Yu YANG Wenjie ge Daochun LI Jinwu XIANG Panpan BAO Qi wu Andrea DA RONCH School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China National Key Laboratory of Strength and Structural Integrity Aircraft Strength Research Institute of ChinaXi’an 710065China School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Mechanical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171JBUK

Climate warming and the increased demand in air travels motivate the aviation industry to urgently produce technological *** of the most promising innovations is based on the smoothly continuous morphing leading-edge *** study proposes a two-step process for the design of a morphing leading-edge,including the optimization of the outer variable-thickness composite compliant skin and the optimization of the inner kinematic *** the compliant skin design,an optimization of the variable thickness composite skin is proposed based on a laminate continuity model,with laminate continuity constraint and other manufacturing *** laminate continuity model utilizes a guiding sequence and a ply-drop sequence to describe the overall stacking sequence of plies in different thickness regions of the complaint *** the inner kinematic mechanism design,a coupled four-bar linkage system is proposed and optimized to produce specific trajectories at the actuation points on the stringer hats of the compliant skin,which ensures that the compliant skin can be deflected into the aerodynamically optimal ***,a morphing leading-edge is manufactured and *** results are compared with numerical predictions,confirming the feasibility of the morphing leading-edge concept and the overall proposed design approach.

关键词： Optimization Design Morphing wing Compliant skin Kinematics Leading-edge Control surfaces

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Ganoderma lucidum:a comprehensive review of phytochemistry,efficacy,safety and clinical study

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 568-596页

作者： Sijia wu Siyuan Zhang Bo Peng Dechao Tan Mingyue wu Jinchao wei Yitao Wang Hua Luo Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineInstitute of Chinese Medical SciencesUniversity of MacaoMacao SAR 999078China College of Pharmacy Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021China Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanning 530001China

Ganoderma lucidum,one of the most well-known edible fungi,is believed to be very beneficial for longevity and vitality.A long usage history suggests that *** has various clinical therapeutic *** experimental studies have confirmed that *** has multiple pharmacological effects,including antitumor,anti-microbial,anti-HIV protease,and antidiabetic activity and so *** the deepening of research,more than 300 compounds have been isolated from *** is an increasing population of ***-based products,and its international development is ***,*** has drawn much attention to its chemical composition,therapeutic effect,clinical value,and *** paper provides a comprehensive review of these aspects to enhance the global promotion of ***.

关键词： Ganoderma lucidum Phytochemistry Efficacy Safety Clinical study

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Carbon-based nanomaterials cause toxicity by oxidative stress to the liver and brain in Sprague-Dawley rats

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第6期35卷 54-64页

作者： Ying-Ying Xu Chan Jin Meng wu Jian-Ye Zhou Hui-Ling wei Department of Gastroenterology China-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijing 100029China Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics College of PhysicsHenan Normal UniversityXinxiang 453007China

Carbon-based nanomaterials have important research significance in various disciplines,such as composite materials,nanoelectronic devices,biosensors,biological imaging,and drug ***,the human and ecological risks associated with carbon-based nanomaterials have received increasing ***,the biological safety of carbon based nanomaterials has not been systematically *** this study,we used different types of carbon materials,namely,graphene oxide(GO),single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs),and multiwalled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs),as models to observe their distribution and oxidative damage in *** results of Histopathological and ultrastructural examinations indicated that the liver and lungs were the main accumulation targets of these ***-μ-XRF analysis revealed that SWCNTs and MWCNTs might be present in the *** shows that the three types of carbon-based nanomaterials could cross the gas-blood barrier and eventually reach the liver *** addition,SWCNTs and MWCNTs could cross the blood-brain barrier and accumulate in the cerebral *** increase in ROS and MDA levels and the decrease in GSH,SOD,and CAT levels indicated that the three types of nanomaterials might cause oxidative stress in the *** suggests that direct instillation of these carbon-based nanomaterials into rats could induce ROS *** addition,iron(Fe)contaminants in these nanomaterials were a definite source of free ***,these nanomaterials did not cause obvious damage to the rat brain *** deposition of selenoprotein in the rat brain was found to be related to oxidative stress and Fe *** information may support the development of secure and reasonable applications of the studied carbon-based nanomaterials.

关键词： Carbon-based nanomaterials Oxidative stress Trace element distribution TEM SR-μ-XRF

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Single-atom Ag-loaded carbon nitride photocatalysts for efficient degradation of acetaminophen:The role of Ag-atom and O_(2)

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 12-22页

作者： Yi Yuan Wen-Long Wang Zhi-wei Wang Jin Wang Qian-Yuan wu Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control of Shenzhen Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental SafetyInstitute of Environment and EcologyShenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen InstituteShenzhen 518055China College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518071China

Carbon nitride has been extensively used as a visible-light photocatalyst,but it has the disadvantages of a low specific surface area,rapid electron-hole recombination,and relatively low light *** this study,single-atom Ag was successfully anchored on ultrathin carbon nitride(UTCN)via thermal polymerization,the catalyst obtained is called *** Ag hardly changed the carbon nitride's layered and porous physical *** exhibited efficient visible-light photocatalytic performances in the degradation of various recalcitrant pollutants,eliminations of 85% were achieved by visible-light irradiation for *** with Ag improved the photocatalytic performance of UTCN by narrowing the forbidden band gap from 2.49 to 2.36 e V and suppressing electron-hole pair *** addition,Ag doping facilitated O_(2) adsorption on UTCN by decreasing the adsorption energy from -0.2 to -2.22 e V and favored the formation of O_(2)^(·-).Electron spin resonance and radical-quenching experiments showed that O_(2)^(·-)was the major reactive species in the degradation of Acetaminophen(paracetamol,APAP).

关键词： Ag single atom Carbon nitride Photocatalysis Visible light Adsorption energy Reactive species

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Entropy variances of pure coherent states in the diffusion channel

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第9期33卷 384-388页

作者： wei-Feng wu Yong Fang Peng Fu School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Chizhou UniversityChizhou 247000China Anhui Research Center of Semiconductor Industry generic Technology Chizhou 247000China

Using the operator correspondence of the real and fictious modes in the thermo entangled state representation, wesolve the quantum master equation describing the diffusion channel and obtain the Kraus operator-sum representation ofits analytical solution. we find that the pure coherent states evolve into the new mixed thermal superposed states in thediffusion channel. Also, we investigate the statistical properties of the initial coherent states and their entropy evolutions inthe diffusion channel, and find that the entropy evolutions are only related to the decay time and without the amplitudes ofthe initial coherent states.

关键词： entangled state representation diffusion channel coherent state entropy evolution

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Combining anodic alcohol oxidative coupling for C-C bond formation with cathodic ammonia production

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National Science Review 2024年第5期11卷 217-226页

作者： Leitao Xu wei Chen Cairong Wang Wenjie wu Yelin Yao Zhifeng Huang Jingcheng wu Ming Yang Yandong wu Dianke Xie Yuqin Zou Shuangyin Wang State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringAdvanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education Hunan University

Electrocatalytic oxidation of alcohols using heterogeneous catalysts is a promising aqueous, energy-efficient and environmentally friendly approach, especially for coupling different alcohols to prolong the carbon chain via co-oxidation. Precisely regulating critical steps to tailor electrode materials and electrolyte composition is key to selectively coupling alcohols for targeted synthesis. However, selectively coupling different alcohols remains challenging due to the lack of effective catalyst and electrolyte design promoting specific pathways. Herein, we demonstrate a paired electrolysis strategy for combining anodic oxidative coupling of ethanol（EtOH） and benzyl alcohol（PhCH2OH） to synthesize cinnamaldehyde（CAL） and cathodic ammonia production. The strategies involve:（i） utilizing the salt-out effect to balance selective oxidation and coupling rates;（ii） developing platinum-loaded nickel hydroxide electrocatalysts to accelerate intermediate coupling kinetics;（iii） introducing thermodynamically favorable nitrate reduction at the cathode to improve coupling selectivity by avoiding hydrogenation of products while generating valuable ammonia instead of hydrogen. We achieved 85% coupling selectivity and 278 μmol/h NH3productive rate at 100 m A/cm2with a low energy input（～1.63 V）. The membrane-free, low energy, scalable approach with a wide substrate scope highlights promising applications of this methodology. This work advances heterogeneous electrocatalytic synthesis through rational design principles that integrate anodic oxidative coupling with cathodic nitrate reduction reactions, having synergistic effects on efficiency and selectivity.

关键词： anodic alcohol oxidative coupling C–C bond formation cinnamaldehyde cathodic ammonia production

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