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Molecular mechanisms of salinity tolerance in rice

The Crop Journal 2021年第3期9卷 506-520页

作者： Tianxiao Chen Sergey Shabala Yanan Niu Zhong-Hua Chen Lana Shabala Holger Meinke gayatri venkataraman Ashwani Pareek Jianlong Xu Meixue Zhou Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture University of TasmaniaPrivate Bag 1375ProspectTAS 7250Australia Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of AgricultureAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518120GuangdongChina Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology Foshan UniversityFoshan 528000GuangdongChina School of Science Hawkesbury Institute for the EnvironmentWestern Sydney UniversityPenrithNSW 2751Australia University of Tasmania Private Bag 51HobartTAS 7001Australia Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory M.S.Swaminathan Research FoundationⅢCross StreetTaramani Institutional AreaChennai 600113India School of Life Sciences Jawaharlal Nehru UniversityNew Delhi 110067India National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute Mohali 140306India

Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses which impose constraints to plant growth and ***(Oryza sativa L.)is one of the most important staple food crops and a model monocot *** production is expanding into regions that are affected by soil salinity,requiring cultivars more tolerant to saline *** the molecular mechanisms of such tolerance could lay a foundation for varietal improvement of salt tolerance in *** spite of extensive studies exploring the mechanism of salt tolerance,there has been limited progress in breeding for increased salinity *** this review,we summarize the information about the major molecular mechanisms underlying salinity tolerance in rice and further discuss the limitations in breeding for salinity *** show that numerous gene families and interaction networks are involved in the regulation of rice responses to salinity,prompting a need for a comprehensive functional *** also show that most studies are based on whole-plant level analyses with only a few reports focused on tissue-and/or cell-specific gene *** details of salt-responsive channel and transporter activities at tissue-and cell-specific level still need to be documented before these traits can be incorporated into elite rice ***,future studies should focus on diversity of available genetic resources and,particular,wild rice relatives,to reincorporate salinity tolerance traits lost during domestication.

关键词： Oryza sativa L. Reactive oxygen species(ROS) Stomatal regulation Membrane transporters Osmotic adjustment Gene network Crosstalk

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Diversity of Sodium Transporter HKT1;5 in Genus Oryza

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Rice science 2022年第1期29卷 31-46,I0002-I0017页

作者： Shalini PULIPATI Suji SOMASUNDARAM Nitika RANA Kavitha KUMARESAN Mohamed SHAFI Peter CIVÁŇ Gothandapani SELLAMUTHU Deepa JAGANATHAN Prasanna Venkatesan RAMARAVI S.PUNITHA Kalaimani RAJU Shrikant S.MANTRI R.SOWDHAMINI Ajay PARIDA gayatri venkataraman M.S.Swaminathan Research Foundation Chennai 600113India National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute Punjab 140306India Krishi Vigyan Kendra Kanyakumari 629901India National Centre for Biological Sciences/Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Bangalore 560065India National Research Institute for Agriculture Food and Environment UniversityClermont-AuvergneClermont-Ferrand 63000France Forest Molecular Entomology Laboratory Faculty of Forestry and Wood SciencesCzech University of Life SciencesPraguePraha 16500Czech Republic Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore 641003India International Business Machines India Chennai 600125India Institute of Life Sciences Bhubaneswar 751023India

Asian cultivated rice shows allelic variation in sodium transporter,OsHKT1;5,correlating with shoot sodium exclusion(salinity tolerance).These changes map to intra/extracellularly-oriented loops that occur between four transmembrane-P loop-transmembrane(MPM)motifs in OsHKT1;***1;5 sequences from more recently evolved Oryza species(***/*** complex species)contain two expansions that involve two intracellularly oriented loops/helical regions between MPM domains,potentially governing transport characteristics,while more ancestral HKT1;5 sequences have shorter intracellular *** compared homology models for homoeologous OcHKT 1;5-K and OcHKT1;5-L from halophytic *** to identify complementary amino acid residues in OcHKT1;5-L that potentially enhance affinity for Na+.Using haplotyping,we showed that Asian cultivated rice accessions only have a fraction of HKT1;5 diversity available in progenitor wild rice species(*** and ***).Progenitor HKT1;5 haplotypes can thus be used as novel potential donors for enhancing cultivated rice salinity *** Asian rice accessions,10 non-synonymous HKT1;5 haplotypic groups *** HKT1;5 haplotypic diversities occur in cultivated indica gene pool compared to *** Haplotypes 2 and 10 occur in mutually exclusive japonica and indica groups,corresponding to haplotypes in *** salt-sensitive and salt-tolerant landraces,*** distinct haplotype partitioning may have originated in separate ancestral gene pools of indica and japonica,or from different haplotypes selected during *** of specific HKT1;5 haplotypes within the 3000 rice dataset may relate to eco-physiological fitness in specific geo-climatic and/or edaphic contexts.

关键词： HKT1 5 diversity single nucleotide polymorphism haplotype bacterial artificial chromosome salinity tolerance sodium transporter Oryza species

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Proto Kranz-like leaf traits and cellular ionic regulation are associated with salinity tolerance in a halophytic wild rice

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Stress Biology 2022年第1期2卷 587-605页

作者： Miing-Tiem Yong Celymar Angela Solis Samuel Amatoury Gothandapani Sellamuthu Raja Rajakani Michelle Mak gayatri venkataraman Lana Shabala Meixue Zhou Oula Ghannoum Paul Holford Samsul Huda Sergey Shabala Zhong-Hua Chen School of Science Western Sydney UniversityPenrithNSW 2751Australia Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture College of Science and EngineeringUniversity of TasmaniaHobartTasmania 7001Australia Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory M.S.Swaminathan Research FoundationIII Cross StreetTaramani Institutional Area-600113ChennaiIndia Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney UniversityPenrithNSW 2751Australia International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology Foshan UniversityFoshan 528000China

Species of wild rice(Oryza spp.)possess a wide range of stress tolerance traits that can be potentially utilized in breeding climate-resilient cultivated rice cultivars(Oryza sativa)thereby aiding global food *** this study,we conducted a greenhouse trial to evaluate the salinity tolerance of six wild rice species,one cultivated rice cultivar(IR64)and one landrace(Pokkali)using a range of electrophysiological,imaging,and whole-plant physiological *** wild species(***,*** and ***)were found to possess superior salinity stress *** underlying mechanisms,however,were strikingly ***+accumulation in leaves of ***,*** and *** were significantly higher than the tolerant landrace,***+accumulation in mesophyll cells was only observed in ***,suggesting that *** and *** avoid Na+accumulation in mesophyll by allocating Na+to other parts of the *** finding also suggests that *** might be able to employ Na+as osmolyte without affecting its *** study of Na+allocation in leaves will be helpful to understand the mechanisms of Na+accumulation in these *** addition,*** showed Proto Kranz-like leaf anatomy(enlarged bundle sheath cells and lower numbers of mesophyll cells),and higher expression of C4-related genes(e.g.,NADPME,PPDK)and was a clear outlier with respect to salinity tolerance among the studied wild and cultivated Oryza *** unique phylogenetic relationship of *** with C4 grasses suggests the potential of this species for breeding rice with high photosynthetic rate under salinity stress in the future.

关键词： Gas exchange Gene expression Ion flux Na+imaging Oryza sativa Oryza coarctata

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Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS): Exploring Its Impact on Obstetrical Outcomes

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第8期14卷 1111-1123页

作者： Ranjitha Vasa gayatri venkataraman Kelly Gorman Rythika Francis Elise Zwicklbauer Julia Fisher Polina Safovich Mudar Dalloul Ozgul Muneyyirci-Delale Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology SUNY Downstate Health Science University Brooklyn United States of America Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Kings County Hospital Center NYC Health and Hospitals Brooklyn United States of America

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) disrupts ovulation leading to both infertility and miscarriage;yet, its impact on obstetrical outcomes remains largely uncertain due to conflicting findings. We analyzed data from the CDC Pregnancy Risk Assessment of Monitoring System, specifically Standard Core and Phase 8 responses, with 9549 respondents across the United States through SPSS 28 software in this cross-sectional study. Two variables assessed PCOS status in respondents: history of PCOS and PCOS during pregnancy. With a history of PCOS, there were significantly increased odds of diabetic (OR 1.665, p < 0.001), hypertensive disorders (OR 1.589, p < 0.001) during pregnancy, neonatal mortality (OR 1.550, p < 0.001), cesarean section (C/S) (OR 1.489, p < 0.001), and preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) (OR 2.081, p < 0.001). With PCOS diagnosed during pregnancy, there were significantly greater odds of diabetes (OR 3.278, p < 0.001), hypertensive disorders (OR 2.935, p < 0.001) during pregnancy, and significantly decreased risk for small for gestational age (2 standard deviations) (OR 0.337, p = 0.024). PCOS is a significant risk factor that contributes to maternal morbidity. Our results support the hypothesis that PCOS’ impact extends well into a woman’s obstetrical journey, with varying degrees of associated adverse maternal and fetal risks. Preliminary pathophysiologic explanations associated with PCOS gestational diabetes include pre-existing insulin resistance. Meanwhile, altered placentation and endovascular changes associated with PCOS secondary to a baseline deranged metabolic environment predispose patients to developing hypertensive disorders, PPROM, and preterm delivery. Associations between neonatal mortality and C/S can be attributed to elevated maternal body mass index. The pathophysiologic link between PCOS and the above obstetrical outcomes still remains unknown, necessitating further investigation;however, this study identifies the outcomes that

关键词： PCOS Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Obstetrics Reproduction Pregnancy

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Modified condition decision coverage criteria for test suite prioritization using particle swarm optimization

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International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics 2019年第4期12卷 425-443页

作者： gayatri Nayak Mitrabinda Ray CSE Siksha O Anusandhan(Deemed to be)UniversityBhubaneswarIndia

Purpose–Test suite prioritization technique is the process of modifying the order in which tests run to meet certain *** fault detection and maximum coverage of source code are the main objectives of *** are several test suite prioritization approaches that have been proposed at the maintenance phase of software development life cycle.A few works are done on prioritizing test suites that satisfy modified condition decision coverage(MC/DC)criteria which are derived for safety-critical *** authors know that it is mandatory to do MC/DC testing for Level A type software according to RTCA/DO178C *** paper aims to discuss this ***/methodology/approach–This paper provides a novel method to prioritize the test suites for a system that includes MC/DC criteria along with other important criteria that ensure adequate ***–In this approach,the authors generate test suites from the input Java program using concolic *** test suites are utilized to measure MC/DC%by using the coverage calculator ***,use MC/DC%and the execution time of these test suites in the basic particle swarm optimization technique with a modified objective function to prioritize the generated test ***/value–The proposed approach maximizes MC/DC%and minimizes the execution time of the test *** effectiveness of this approach is validated by experiments on 20 moderate-sized Java programs using average percentage of fault detected metric.

关键词： Particle swarm optimization Concolic testing MC/DC Test suite prioritization

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Efficient Load Balancing with MANET Propagation of Least Common Multiple Routing and Fuzzy Logic

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第7期72卷 1831-1845页

作者： V.gayatri M.Senthil Kumaran Department of Computer Science and Engineering SCSVMV UniversityEnathurKanchipuram631561India

Mobile Ad Hoc Network(MANET)is a group of node that would interrelate among each other through onemulti-hop wireless link,wherein the nodes were able to move in response to sudden *** objective of MANET routing protocol is to quantify the route and compute the best path,but there exists a major decrease in energy efficiency,difficulty in hop selection,cost estimation,and efficient *** this paper,a novel least common multipath-based routing has been *** routing is used to find a multipath route from source and *** balancing is of primary importance in the mobile ad-hoc networks,due to limited bandwidth among the nodes and the initiator of the load routing discovery phase in the multipath routing *** logic for load balancing multipath routing in MANETs is proposed,which ensures the data packets are sent through a path with the variance of binary sets to predict the original transformation of the data to be received in the *** main objective of the proposed system is to reduce the routing time of data packets and avoid the traffic based on multipath source and *** experimental results have to verify 96.7%efficiency in balancing the load.

关键词： MANETs multipath routing least common multiple routing(LCMR)and fuzzy logic route requests(RREQs) route replies(RREPs)

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Synthesis of CaWO_4:Eu^(3+) phosphor powders via ethylene glycol route and its optical properties

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Journal of Rare Earths 2012年第4期30卷 310-314页

作者： K.gayatri Sharma N.Rajmuhon Singh Department of Chemistry Manipur University Canchipur-795003 Imphal Manipur India

Eu3＋ doped CaWO4 with tetragonal system were prepared at comparatively low temperature （125 ℃） in ethylene glycol medium. The phosphor was further investigated by X-ray difffactometer （XRD）, photoluminescence spectrophotometer （PL）, Fourier transform infra red （FT-IR） spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. XRD analysis indicated a decrease in the unit cell volume of CaWO4 with increasing Eu3＋ ion concentration. It indicated the homogeneous substitution of Ca2＋ ions in CaWO4 by the Eu3＋ ions. TEM images showed that the particle size ranged from 20 to 200 nm and it could extend the application of the nanoparticles. The photoluminescence study showed that the intensity of electric dipole transition （SD0→TF2） at 614 nm dominated over the magnetic dipole transition （SD0→TFx） at 592 nm. The optimum concentration of Eu3＋ for the highest luminescence was found to be 20 at.%. The as prepared samples were found to be dispersible in water and methanol.

关键词： CaWO4:Eu3+ capping agent photoluminescence dispersible rare earths

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Oligomerization of Vibrio cholerae Hemolysin Induces CXCR3 Upregulation and Activation of B-1a Cell

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2008年第3期5卷 231-234页

作者： gayatri Mukherjee Kalyan K Banerjee Tapas Biswas Divisions of Immunology National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases P-33 C.I.T. Road Scheme XM Kolkata-700 010 West Bengal India Biochemistry National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases P-33 C.I.T. Road Scheme XM Kolkata-700 010 West Bengal India

The hemolysin oligomer promotes the proliferation of B-1a cells and the expression of CD25, which is indicative of cell activation, on B-1a cells. The upregulation of CD86 induced by the oligomer showed its selective bias for the B7-2 member of B7 family while the monomer failed to induce these effects. The oligomer induced the expression of CXCR3, associated with B cell activation, while the monomer induced the expression of CXCL4, a powerful angiostatic chemokine. In conclusion, we found that B-1a cells responded to the apoptogenic monomer by expressing CXCL4, whereas oligomerization of the immunogen induced CXCR3 to shift the response towards activation.

关键词： B-1a cell CD86 CXCL4 CXCR3 Vibrio cholerae hemolysin

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Endoscopic appearance of esophageal hematomas

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2000年第2期6卷 307-309页

作者： Rodica Ouatu-Lascar gayatri Bharadhwaj George Triadafilopoulos Gastroenterology Section Palo Alto Veterans Affairs Health Care SystemPalo AltoCalifornia and Division of GastroenterologyDepartment of MedicineStanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA

INTRODUCTIONEsophageal hematomas develop from the dissectionof the mucosa from the muscular layers of theesophageal wall and represent an uncommoncondition affecting all *** the mostcommon cause of esophageal hematomas isiatrogenic mechanical injury-induced by prolongednasogastric intubation,difficult or forcefulendoscopic intubation,or the result of

关键词： esophagus hematoma/etiology endoscopy gastrointestinal hemorrhage/diagnosis hematoma/classification wounds injuries

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Chinese stalagmite paleoclimate researches: A review and perspective

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Science China Earth Sciences 2019年第10期62卷 1489-1513页

作者： Hai CHENG Haiwei ZHANG Jingyao ZHAO Hanying LI Youfeng NING gayatri KATHAYAT Institute of Global Environmental Change Xi’an Jiaotong University

Stalagmite is one kind of secondary carbonates formed in limestone caves(speleothem). After cave water droplets containing Ca2+and HCO3 drip onto floor, carbonate in the water might become supersaturated due to CO2 degassing under certain conditions, resulting in the formation of stalagmite in a process year after year. Stalagmite is one of important geological archives for paleoclimate research. The advantages include wide spatial distribution, suitable for U-Th and U-Pb dating, enriched in climate proxies, continuity, long time span, comparability and lower sampling cost etc. These factors have propelled stalagmite paleoclimate research to the forefront of global paleoclimatology with an irreplaceable role. The stalagmite paleoclimate study started in the western countries, mainly in Europe and America in 1960 s–1970 s, while the relevant research in China was progressively developed in the 1980 s–1990 s after the Reform and Opening up. Although there was a huge gap between the overall research level in China and western countries, a solid research foundation, as well as a number of talent teams were established during the period. In the 21 st century, starting from the publication of stalagmite records from Hulu Cave in Nanjing in 2001, the stalagmite paleoclimate research in China has ushered in a flourishing development and a real leap on the basis of international cooperation, resulting in significant international impacts. The landmark achievements, including establishment of the world’s longest(640000 years) East Asian monsoon stalagmite record, as well as the longest Indian monsoon(280000 years),South American monsoon(250000 years), North American westerly climate(330000 years), Central Asian westerly climate(135000 years), and northwestern China westerly climate(500000 years), have laid a milestone in the paleoclimate study in these climate domains. Importantly, these stalagmite records have revealed the relationship of Asian monsoon variations with solar

关键词： Cave stalagmites Oxygen isotope Asian monsoon Westerly Global climate change

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