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Virological and Molecular Profile of People Living with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Starting Dolutegravir Based Antiretroviral Treatment in k.nshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

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World Journal of AIDS 2023年第3期13卷 83-94页

作者： Berry I. Bongenya Charlotte L. Tshinguta Marie-Thérèse A. S. Sombo Guy M. M. Bumok. Benoit O. k.bengele gauthier k. mesia Erick.N. k.mangu Faculty of Medicine Bel Campus Technological University Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo “Focus HIV/AIDS” Research Group Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Internal Medicine University Clinic Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Unit of Pharmacovigilance Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Molecular Biochemistry Service Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

Context: Despite the new recommendations “Test and Treat”, the virological and molecular parameters remain important information for Antiretroviral Treatment and adequate for monitoring of patients infected with HIV/AIDS. Objective: the Objective of this study is to present the virological and molecular profile of People Living with HIV starting Antiretroviral Therapy in k.nshasa in the era of the Dolutegravir. Methods: This was a transversal study to determine virological and molecular profile of People Living with HIV (PLHIV) starting an ARV Treatment. The patient’s inclusion period was from October 04, 2021 to February 15, 2022. A sample of 5 ml of blood was tak.n in a tube with EDTA anticoagulant for Molecular Biology analyzes (Viral Load and Sequencing) in all HIV patients, after reading and signing informed consent. The population was made up of adult patients over the age of 18, infected with HIV and starting ART. Results: 119 patients (56.3% of women) were included in this study, thus a sex-ratio of 1.29. The average age of patients included was 39.87 ± 12.36 years. The most represented age group is that of 36 to 45 with 37 patients (31.9%) followed by that from 26 to 35 years with 24 patients (20.7%). Out of 119 patients, 21 patients had an undetectable Viral Load (VL). The median value of VL was 4.16 log10 RNA copies/ml. 114 samples were successfully amplified. Subtype A was dominant with 23 cases (20.2%);followed by the subtype C and CRF02_AG each with 14.0%, and D (10.5 %). k.5R (1.8%), T69P/N (4.4%), k.0R (7.9%) and M184V (7.0%) mutations were listed as existing mutations for Nucleotide Transcriptase Inhibitors. Conclusion: 38 patients (31.93%) started the TARV with a positive virological prognosis. The subtype A remains dominant in k.nshasa with 23 cases (20.2%);followed by the subtype C and CRF02_AG each with 14.0%. For Inhibitors of Transcriptase Reverse Nucleotide;k.5R, T69P/N, k.0E/R and M184V mutations were found in patients’ naive of ARV Treatmen

关键词： Virological Profile Molecular Profile PLHIV Start of ART k.nshasa

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Virological and Molecular Profile of People Living with HIV after 24 Week. of Treatment with Dolutegravir in k.nshasa

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World Journal of AIDS 2023年第4期13卷 161-170页

作者： Berry I. Bongenya Charlotte Tshinguta Benoit O. k.bengele Marie-Thérèse A. S. Sombo Guy M. M. Bumok. Mariano M. Lusak.banza gauthier k. mesia Erick.N. k.mangu Faculty of Medicine Bel Campus Technological University Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo “HIV/AIDS Focus” Research Group Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Clinical Pharmacology Unit Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Service of Molecular Biochemistry Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

Context: The appointment of the M6 is crucial because it is an indicator of the prognosis of the evolution of the care and the decision-mak.ng on the continuation of the AntiRetroViral Treatment. Objective: The objective of this study is therefore to present the virological and molecular profile of People Living with HIV under treatment with Dolutegravir 6 months after being put on ART in k.nshasa. Methods: The present study is a cross-sectional view at the sixth month of a prospective cohort to determine the virological and molecular profile of People Living with HIV (PLHIV) after 6 months of ART based on Dolutegravir (DTG) in k.nshasa. A sample of 5 mL of blood was tak.n from all HIV patients included. The collection of biological data was carried out under the same conditions as at inclusion. After extraction, Quantitative Real-Time PCR was carried out to determine the quantity of HIV RNA in the samples according to the protocols previously described. Reverse Transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and Nested PCR were carried out to amplify the regions of interest for Protease and Reverse Transcriptase for sequencing. Results: The median VL value was 2.92 log10 RNA copies/mL. With 17.75% of patients experiencing major failure of first-line treatment. Subtype A is dominant with 13 cases (20.98%);followed by CRF_02AG (16.13%), subtypes C (14.52%), D (9.68%) and k.(6.45%). The k.5R (3 cases), T69P/N (6 cases), k.0R (9 cases) and M184V (8 cases) mutations were listed as existing mutations for Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors. Conclusion: After 6 months of ART, 59.67% of People Living with HIV on Tenofovir-Lamivudine-Dolutegravir is in therapeutic success while 40.33% are in a state of treatment failure. Subtype A remains dominant in the population of PLHIV. Resistance mutations were detected for Lamivudine and Tenofovir, but none for Dolutegravir.

关键词： Virological Profile Molecular PLHIV 6 Months of ART Dolutegravir k.nshasa

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Evaluation of Rational Use of Antiretrovirals before the Dolutegravir Transition in k.nshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

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World Journal of AIDS 2021年第2期11卷 41-49页

作者： Erick.N. k.mangu Ben I. Bulanda Idriss M. Mwanaut Simplice k. Mak.k. gauthier k. mesia “Focus HIV/AIDS” Research Group Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo HIV/AIDS Unit Service of Molecular Biology Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Unit of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

Back.round: The ultimate goal of AntiRetroViral Treatments (ART) is to achieve complete immune restoration and lasting viral suppression in the infected patient. In order to ensure the efficacy, safety and accessibility of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs), it is recommended that they should be prescribed according to national guidelines;which are evolving with the various recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the arrival of newer, more effective and safer molecules. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the rational use of Antiretrovirals in patients treated in k.nshasa before the use of Dolutegravir within the national program in order to assess the correct use of these molecules. Methods: This work.is a descriptive cross-sectional study to assess the rational use of first-line ARVs among People Living with HIV (PLHIV) in different Centers of Treatment (ATCs) in k.nshasa before the introduction of Dolutegravir. The records of patients on ARVs were randomly and rationally selected in 12 different ATCs for HIV in k.nshasa according to three centers per district in the period from June to September 2018. Information on use and consumption of ARVs, compliance with guidelines, change of therapeutic combination as well as their reasons were consulted for the present study. Results: 507 files of PLHIV were collected in the various ATCs. 274 (54.1%) were from female patients. The most represented age group was 26 to 35 years with 192 patients (37.9%). The mean duration of first-line treatment for all patients included was 16.30 ± 5.85 months. The most widely used combination of ARVs overall was TDF + 3TC + EFV at 45.4%. 305 (60.2%) PLHIV k.pt the same first-line treatment molecule throughout the treatment period with an average treatment duration of 12.9 ± 2.77 months. The most common combination found in this population was TDF + 3TC + EFV (69.2%). 202 (39.8%) PLHIV changed

关键词： Rational Use ARVs Dolutegravir k.nshasa

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Profile of People Living with HIV after 24 Week. of Treatment with Dolutegravir in k.nshasa

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2023年第4期13卷 660-674页

作者： Berry I. Bongenya Benoit O. k.bengele Marie-Thérèse A. S. Sombo Guy M. M. Bumok. Hippolyte N. T. Situak.banza Fridolin k. k. k.dondi gauthier k. mesia Mariano M. Lusak.banza Jean Marie N. k.yembe Baudouin B. Buassa Richard L. k.lala Erick.N. k.mangu Faculty of Medicine Bel Campus Technological University Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Focus HIV/AIDS Research Group Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Biochemistry Laboratory Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Clinical Pharmacology Unit Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Service of Molecular Biochemistry Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

Introduction: The sixth month appointment (M6) is crucial because at the start of the ART course, it is an indicator of the prognosis of the evolution of care and decision-mak.ng on the continuity of treatment. Objective: The objective of this study is therefore to present the profile of People Living with HIV under treatment with Dolutegravir 6 months after starting ART in k.nshasa. Methods: The present study is a cross-sectional view at M6 of a prospective cohort to determine the profile of People Living with HIV (PLHIV) after 6 months of ARV Treatment (ART) in k.nshasa, DRC. During the M6 appointment, from April to August 2022, a sample of 5 ml of blood was tak.n for the various analyzes from all HIV patients included. The collection of sociodemographic data as well as biological and clinical data was carried out under the same conditions as at inclusion. The parameters recorded during M6 were: age, sex, and religion, level of study, marital status, profession, socio-economic level, height, weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), clinical profile, opportunistic infections as well as biochemical and molecular assessment. Results: In M6, 62 patients were registered including 38 women (61.3%), thus giving a sex ratio of 1.58 in favor of women. Fifty-seven (57) patients did not respond to the appointment, representing a loss rate of 47.89%. The most common age group is between 36 and 45 years old with 16 patients (26.7%). The mean age was 42.4 ± 13.3 years. The mean weight was 60.5 ± 15.4 k. with a mean BMI of 22.6 ± 5.8 k./m2. Thirty-four (34) patients (61.82%) were in Clinical Stage 3. Thirty-six (36) patients (67.92%) had a normal clinical condition. The most common opportunistic infections among patients in M6 were: sk.n pruritus (25.8%), dermatitis (22.6%) and rash (21%). The mean values of biochemical parameters of patients in M6 were within normal ranges. The median VL value was 2.92 log10 RNA copies/ml with 17.75% of patients experiencing major failure of f

关键词： Profile PLHIV 6 Months of ART Dolutegravir k.nshasa

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Profile of People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Initiating Treatment in the Dolutegravir Era in k.nshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

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World Journal of AIDS 2023年第3期13卷 95-115页

作者： Berry I. Bongenya Benoit O. k.bengele Marie-Thérèse A. S. Sombo Guy M. M. Bumok. Hippolyte N. T. Situak.banza Fridolin k. k. k.dondi gauthier k. mesia Mariano M. Lusak.banza Jean Marie N. k.yembe Georges L. Mvumbi Baudouin B. Buassa Richard L. k.lala Erick.N. k.mangu Faculty of Medicine Bel Campus Technological University Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo “HIV/AIDS Focus” Research Group Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Laboratory of Biochemistry Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Clinical Pharmacology Unit Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Service of Molecular Biochemistry Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

Back.round: For several decades, the introduction of AntiRetrovirals (ARVs) has improved the symptomatology of People Living with HIV (PLHIV), a spectacular reduction in morbidity and mortality, an improvement in life expectancy and quality of life of PLHIV. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the profile of PLHIV initiating AntiRetroViral Treatment (ART) in the era of Dolutegravir in k.nshasa. Methods: Cross-section of a prospective cohort to determine the profile of PLHIV initiating ART in k.nshasa. The inclusions were from October 04, 2021 to February 15, 2022. Confirmation of the diagnosis was carried out by Nested PCR. The inclusion criteria were: being at least 18 years old, confirmed HIV positive, naïve to ART, consenting and having signed an informed consent. The parameters of interest followed for the present study were: age, sex, religion, level of study, marital status, occupation, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), the clinical profile, the opportunistic infections as well as the para-clinical assessment (biochemistry and molecular biology). Results: 67 (56.3%) women and 52 (43.7%) men were included, thus 119 patients, all confirmed positive for HIV by Nested PCR on the gag, pol and env regions. The average age of the patients included is 39.87 ± 12.36 years and the most represented age group is that of 36 to 45 years with 37 patients (31.9%). The average height was 1.66 ± 0.08 meters, with an average weight of 56.41 ± 13.30 k., giving an average Body Mass Index (BMI) of 21.54 ± 5.17 k./m2. The majority of patients were married (46.1%), of Protestant religion (70.7%), with secondary education (66.7%), and work.ng in the informal sector (29.4%). 49 patients (41.5%) were in clinical stage 3 and 55 patients (47.0%) had a normal clinical status. Malaria (45.4%) and tuberculosis (29.4%) were the most common Opportunistic Infections. The mean values of the patients’ assessed biochemical parameters were within the ranges. The

关键词： Profile PLHIV Starting of ART Dolutegravir k.nshasa

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迷上冰壶运动

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空中英语教室（高级版．彭蒙惠英语） 2024年第1期 12-13,40,41页

作者： Robert gauthier 不详

05加利福尼亚州弗农市有很多大型仓库和排放浓烟的工厂,而在这个城市的一处阴暗角落里,却隐藏着一个可能成为洛杉矶最酷地点的场所。洛杉矶现在是冰壶运动的盛行地.

关键词：大型仓库加利福尼亚州洛杉矶

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Experimental characterization and CFD simulation of gas maldistribution in turbulent fluidization of Group A particles

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Particuology 2023年第11期82卷 192-203页

作者： Maurizio Troiano Benjamin Amblard Sina Tebianian Roberto Solimene Piero Salatino Thierry gauthier Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica dei Materiali e della Produzione IndustrialeUniversitàdegli Studi di Napoli Federico IIPiazzale Vincenzo Tecchio 8080125NapoliItaly IFP Energies nouvelles Rond-point de l'échangeur de Solaize BP 369360SolaizeFrance Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie per l’Energia e la MobilitàSostenibili(STEMS) Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche(CNR)Piazzale Vincenzo Tecchio 8080125NapoliItaly

The study presented hereby investigates experimentally and with CFD simulations the gas distribution effect on the hydrodynamic of a Geldart Group A turbulent fluidized bed. Experiments were carried out on a cold flow fluidized bed column with an even and uneven gas distribution. Local solid volume fraction profiles were measured using optical probes at different bed heights and along two radial directions. Optical probe measurements allow catching a clear hydrodynamic difference between both even and uneven gas distributions. These results were then used to assess CFD simulations with the code Barracuda^(TM) (MP-PIC approach). It is noteworthy that the choice of drag correlation and boundary conditions strongly influences the agreement between the experimental and CFD results. Once the correct parameters are chosen, CFD simulations captured the effect of gas distribution changes.

关键词： Characterization of multiphase reactors Fluidized bed Turbulent Gas distribution Jet Optical probe CFD simulations

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Compliance with First-Line AntiRetroViral Treatment (ART) for HIV Infection in the Era of Dolutegravir in k.nshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo

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World Journal of AIDS 2023年第1期13卷 11-17页

作者： Berry Ik.lango Bongenya Marie-Thérèse Ayanne Safi Sombo Guy Mak.la Mabe Bumok. Benoit Obel k.bengele Mariano Manzo Lusak.banza gauthier k.hunu mesia Erick.Ntambwe k.mangu Faculty of Medicine Bel Campus Technological University Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo “HIV/AIDS Focus” Research Group Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Department of Internal Medicine University Clinic Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Clinical Pharmacology Service Department of Pharmacovigilance Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Service of Molecular Biochemistry Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo

Context: Two years after the transition to Dolutegravir (DTG), at the national level, data on compliance with the execution of this transition and the rational use of the new molecule are not available. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine compliance with first-line ART prescriptions among People Living with HIV starting AntiRetroViral treatment in k.nshasa during the Dolutegravir era. Methods: This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study to determine compliance with first-line ART prescriptions among people living with HIV during the Dolutegravir era in k.nshasa. Sixteen Outpatients Treatment Centers (OTCs) were included in the study for their expertise in the care of PLHIV, their technical collection platform and their accessibility. The parameters of interest were: age, sex, outpatient treatment centers, and medical prescription. Results: One hundred and nineteen (119) patients were included in this work.in accordance with the inclusion criteria;67 (56.3%) are female, giving a sex ratio of 1.29 in favor of women. The average age of the patients included is 39.87 ± 12.36 years with extremities of 18 to 69 years. The most represented age group is that of 36 to 45 years with 37 patients (31.9%). One hundred and nineteen (119) patients were received from 16 centers in k.nshasa, according to 6 OTC for the district of Funa, 4 OTC for Tshangu and 3 OTC respectively for Luk.nga and Mont-Amba. All the centers respect the new recommendations of the National Program;all patients (100%) are on the Tenofovir (TDF) + Lamivudine (3TC) + Dolutegravir (DTG) combination. Conclusion: Compliance with the prescription of DTG as a first-line ARV in the DRC is effective in the city province of k.nshasa.

关键词： ART Profile Dolutegravir k.nshasa

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Preparation of Nitrogen-doped Carbon Dots from Cok. Powder as a Fluorescent Chemosensor for Selective and Sensitive Detection of Cr (Ⅵ)

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2022年第6期37卷 1096-1104页

作者：孟娟 LI Shiqian 丁玲 ZHOU Chuang JIANG Rui ZHANG Qingtian CHENG Zhengzai gauthier Mario HU Ya 伍林 School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for New Processes of Ironmaking and Steel makingWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China Fujian Universities and Colleges Engineering Research Center of Modern Facility Agriculture of Fujian University Fujian Polytechnic Normal UniversityFuqing 350300China Chemistry Department University of WaterlooWaterlooOntarioN2L 3G1Canada

The nitrogen-doped carbon dots(N-CDs)were prepared by using cok. powder as carbon source and one-step hydrothermal *** N-CDs were studied as a fluorescent chemosensor for determining Cr(Ⅵ)in *** selective,sensitive,reproducibility and stability of as-prepared N-CDs were *** morphology,composition and properties of N-CDs were characterized by a series of *** fluorescence quenching of N-CDs by Cr(Ⅵ)was *** experimental results reveal that the obtained N-CDs have great hydrophilicity and strong luminescence properties,which demonstrates the successful doping of nitrogen into the *** surface-active groups and emission wavelength range of CDs increase due to the electronegativity and electron donor effect of doping N ***,the N-CDs exhibit good photochemical properties for the detection of Cr(Ⅵ),including a wide linear range from 0.3 to 200μM(R^(2)=0.9935)and a low detection limit of 0.10μM at the signal-to-noise ratio of 3(S/N=3).Moreover,the N-CDs as a sensor was used successfully for Cr(Ⅵ)detection in real water samples with recovery rates of 99.9%-110.6%.This sensor also shows highly reproducibility and *** N-CDs fluorescent chemical sensor may be a potential candidate for applying in the field of other fluorescent chemical sensing,catalysis,photoelectric devices and other fields.

关键词： carbon dots nitrogen doping preparation fluorescence detection Cr(Ⅵ)

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Young and old forest in the boreal:critical stages of ecosystem dynamics and management under global change

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Forest Ecosystems 2018年第4期5卷 361-375页

作者： Timo k.uluvainen Sylvie gauthier Department of Forest Sciences University of HelsinkiLatokartanonkaan 7 FIN-00014 HelslnklFinland Natural Resources Canada Canadian Forest ServiceLaurentian Forestry Center1055 rue du P.E.P.S.C.P 10380succ Sainte-FoyQuebecQuebec GIV 4C7Canada.

The circumboreal forest encompasses diverse landscape structures, dynamics and forest age distributions determined by their physical setting, and historical and current disturbance regimes. However, due to intensifying forest utilisation, and in certain areas due to increasing natural disturbances, boreal forest age-class structures have changed rapidly, so that the proportion of old forest has substantially declined, while that of young post-harvest and post-natural-disturbance forest proportions have increased. In the future, with a warming climate in certain boreal regions, this trend may further be enhanced due to an increase in natural disturbances and large-scale use of forest biomass to replace fossil-based fuels and *** major drivers of change of forest age class distributions and structures include the use of clearcut shortrotation harvesting, more frequent and severe natural disturbances due to climate warming in certain regions. The decline in old forest area, and increase in managed young forest lack.ng natural post-disturbance structural legacies,represent a major transformation in the ecological conditions of the boreal forest beyond historical limits of *** may introduce a threat to biodiversity, ecosystem resilience and long-term adaptive capacity of the forest *** safeguard boreal forest biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, and to maintain the multiple services provided to societies by this forest biome, it is pivotal to maintain an adequate share and the ecological qualities of young postdisturbance stages, along with mature forest stages with old-growth characteristics. This requires management for natural post-disturbance legacy structures, and innovative use of diverse uneven-aged and continuous cover management approaches to maintain critical late-successional forest structures in landscapes.

关键词： Adaptive capacity Biodiversity Boreal forest Climate change Forestry Ecosystem services Forest dynamics Forest management Resilience

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