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Age at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular risk factor profile:A pooled analysis

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World Journal of Diabetes 2022年第3期13卷 260-271页

作者： Mary M Barker Francesco Zaccardi Emer M Brady gaurav s gulsin Andrew P Hall Joseph Henson Zin ZinHtike Kamlesh Khunti Gerald P McCann Emma L Redman David R Webb Emma G Wilmot Tom Yates Jian Yeo Melanie J Davies Jack A sargeant Diabetes Research Centre University of LeicesterLeicester General HospitalLeicester LE54PWUnited Kingdom Department of Cardiovascular sciences Glenfield HospitalUniversity of LeicesterLeicester LE39QPUnited Kingdom The Hanning sleep Laboratory University Hospitals of Leicester NHS TrustUniversity of LeicesterLeicester LE54PWUnited Kingdom National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research CentreLeicester LE54PWUnited Kingdom Leicester Diabetes Centre University Hospitals of Leicester NHS TrustLeicester LE54PWUnited Kingdom National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration East MidlandsLeicester LE54PWUnited Kingdom Department of Diabetes University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation TrustDerby DE223NEUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND The diagnosis of type 2 diabetes(T2D)in younger adults,an increasingly common public health issue,is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular complications and mortality,which may be due to a more adverse cardiovascular risk profile in individuals diagnosed at a younger *** To investigate the association between age at diagnosis and the cardiovascular risk profile in adults with *** A pooled dataset was used,comprised of data from five previous studies of adults with T2D,including 1409 participants of whom 196 were diagnosed with T2D under the age of 40 *** and blood biomarker measurements included body weight,body mass index(BMI),waist circumference,body fat percentage,glycaemic control(HbA1c),lipid profile and blood *** and multivariable linear regression models,adjusted for diabetes duration,sex,ethnicity and smoking status,were used to investigate the association between age at diagnosis and each cardiovascular risk *** A higher proportion of participants diagnosed with T2D under the age of 40 were female,current smokers and treated with glucose-lowering medications,compared to participants diagnosed later in *** diagnosed with T2D under the age of 40 also had higher body weight,BMI,waist circumference and body fat percentage,in addition to a more adverse lipid profile,compared to participants diagnosed at an older *** results showed that each one year reduction in age at diagnosis was significantly associated with 0.67 kg higher body weight[95%confidence interval(CI):0.52-0.82 kg],0.18 kg/m^(2) higher BMI(95%CI:0.10-0.25)and 0.32 cm higher waist circumference(95%CI:0.14-0.49),after adjustment for duration of diabetes and other *** age at diagnosis was also significantly associated with higher HbA1c,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and *** The diagnosis of T2D earlier in life is associated with a worse cardi

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus Early-onset adult type 2 diabetes Age of onset Cardiovascular risk Young adults Glycaemic control Obesity

A Comprehensive survey on Federated Learning Applications in Computational Mental Healthcare

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2025年第1期142卷 49-90页

作者： Vajratiya Vajrobol Geetika Jain saxena Amit Pundir sanjeev singh Akshat gaurav savi Bansal Razaz Waheeb Attar Mosiur Rahman Brij B.Gupta Institute of Informatics and Communication University of DelhiDelhi110021India Maharaja Agrasen College University of DelhiDelhi110096India Computer Engineering Ronin InstituteMontclairNJ 07043USA Department of Research and Innovation Insights2TechinfoJaipur302001India University Centre for Research and Development(UCRD) Chandigarh UniversityChandigarh140413India Management Department College of Business AdministrationPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11671Saudi Arabia CCRI&Department of Computer science and Information Engineering Asia UniversityTaichung413Taiwan symbiosis Centre for Information Technology(sCIT) Symbiosis International UniversityPune411057India Center for Interdisciplinary Research University of Petroleum and Energy Studies(UPES)Dehradun248007India

Mental health is a significant issue worldwide,and the utilization of technology to assist mental health has seen a growing *** aims to alleviate the workload on healthcare professionals and aid *** applications have been developed to support the challenges in intelligent healthcare ***,because mental health data is sensitive,privacy concerns have *** learning has gotten some *** research reviews the studies on federated learning and mental health related to solving the issue of intelligent healthcare *** explores various dimensions of federated learning in mental health,such as datasets(their types and sources),applications categorized based on mental health symptoms,federated mental health frameworks,federated machine learning,federated deep learning,and the benefits of federated learning in mental health *** research conducts surveys to evaluate the current state of mental health applications,mainly focusing on the role of Federated Learning(FL)and related privacy and data security *** survey provides valuable insights into how these applications are emerging and evolving,specifically emphasizing FL’s impact.

关键词： Depression emotional recognition intelligent healthcare systems mental health federated learning stress detection sleep behaviour

Drillability prediction in some metamorphic rocks using composite penetration rate index(CPRI)–An approach

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International Journal of Mining science and Technology 2021年第4期31卷 631-641页

作者： gaurav Kumar srivastava M.s.R.Murthy Vemavarapu Department of Mining Engineering Indian Institute of Technology(Indian School of Mines)Dhanbad 826004India

Assessment of drillability of rocks is vital in the selection,operation,and performance evaluation of cutting tools used in various excavation machinery deployed in mining and *** commonly used rock drillability prediction methods,namely,drilling rate index(DRI)and Cerchar hardness index(CHI)have limitations in predicting the penetration rate due to differential wear of the cutting tool in rocks with varied hardness and *** cutting tools get blunt differently in different rocks,the stress beneath the tip of the bit decreases until it reaches a threshold value beyond which the penetration rate becomes *** this research,a new composite penetration rate index(CPRI)is suggested based on the investigations on four metamorphic rocks ***,gneiss,schist and phyllite with varied hardness-abrasivity *** penetration-time behavior was classified into active,moderate,passive,and dormant phases based on the reduction in penetration rate at different stages of drilling.A comparison of predicted penetration rate values using DRI and CPRI with actual penetration rate values clearly establishes the supremacy of ***-structure and hardness-based index was also developed and correlated with *** new indices can help predict cutting tool penetration and its consumption more accurately.

关键词： Abrasivity Hardness Drillability Metamorphic rocks Composite penetration rate index(CPRI)

Reliability assessment of deep excavations in spatially random cohesion weakening friction strengthening massive rocks:Application to nuclear repositories

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Underground space 2023年第6期13卷 48-73页

作者： Akshay Kumar gaurav Tiwari Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology KanpurKanpurUttar Pradesh 208016India

An augmented methodology is developed to estimate the reliability of deep excavations along spatially variable massive rock masses using the cohesion weakening friction strengthening(CWFs)*** parameters of the CWFs model were initially identified using sobol’s global sensitivity analysis based on their influence on the displacements and excavation damage zone around *** probability of failure was estimated by performing Mont–Carlo simulations on random finite difference models of excavations generated via MATLAB-FLAC2D coupling,considering the spatial variation of these sensitive *** variation was modeled by generating anisotropic random fields of sensitive CWFs parameters via the recently developed Fourier series method and updated correlations suggested by Walton(2019).The proposed methodology was demonstrated for a proposed deep nuclear waste repository to be located in *** from the developed methodology were systematically compared with those of traditional reliability(ignoring spatial variation)and deterministic methods(ignoring uncertainty).Although the developed methodology was computationally complex,it was judged to be the most realistic due to the realistic consideration of heterogeneous distributions of rock *** methodologies underestimate/overestimate the excavation performance due to negligence of uncertainty and spatial ***,a parametric analysis was performed using developed methodology by varying the initial friction angle,scale of fluctuations(sOFs)and dilation *** effect of initial friction angle was observed to be more pronounced on the probability of failures as compared to sOFs and dilation *** observations were made related to the excavation damage zone(EDZ)development quantified using yield area ratio.

关键词： Deep excavations Brittle failures CWFs model sobol’s sensitivity Moving least square response surface Fourier series random field

Jackknife based generalized resampling reliability approach for rock slopes and tunnels stability analyses with limited data:Theory and applications

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2022年第3期14卷 714-730页

作者： Akshay Kumar gaurav Tiwari Department of Civil Engineering IIT KanpurIndia

An efficient resampling reliability approach was developed to consider the effect of statistical uncertainties in input properties arising due to insufficient data when estimating the reliability of rock slopes and *** approach considers the effect of uncertainties in both distribution parameters(mean and standard deviation)and types of input ***,the approach was generalized to make it capable of analyzing complex problems with explicit/implicit performance functions(PFs),single/multiple PFs,and correlated/non-correlated input *** couples resampling statistical tool,***,with advanced reliability tools like Latin hypercube sampling(LHs),sobol’s global sensitivity,moving least square-response surface method(MLs-RsM),and Nataf’s *** developed approach was demonstrated for four cases encompassing different *** were compared with a recently developed bootstrap-based resampling reliability *** results show that the approach is accurate and significantly efficient compared with the bootstrap-based *** proposed approach reflects the effect of statistical uncertainties of input properties by estimating distributions/confidence intervals of reliability index/probability of failure(s)instead of their fixed-point ***,sufficiently accurate results were obtained by considering uncertainties in distribution parameters only and ignoring those in distribution types.

关键词： statistical uncertainty Resampling reliability Moving least square response surface(MLsRsM) sobol’s global sensitivity Correlation coefficient

A Bayesian multi-model inference methodology for imprecise momentindependent global sensitivity analysis of rock structures

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第3期16卷 840-859页

作者： Akshay Kumar gaurav Tiwari Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology(IIT)KanpurKanpur208016India

Traditional global sensitivity analysis(GsA)neglects the epistemic uncertainties associated with the probabilistic characteristics(*** of distribution type and its parameters)of input rock properties emanating due to the small size of datasets while mapping the relative importance of properties to the model *** paper proposes an augmented Bayesian multi-model inference(BMMI)coupled with GsA methodology(BMMI-GsA)to address this issue by estimating the imprecision in the momentindependent sensitivity indices of rock structures arising from the small size of input *** methodology employs BMMI to quantify the epistemic uncertainties associated with model type and parameters of input *** estimated uncertainties are propagated in estimating imprecision in moment-independent Borgonovo’s indices by employing a reweighting approach on candidate probabilistic *** proposed methodology is showcased for a rock slope prone to stress-controlled failure in the Himalayan region of *** proposed methodology was superior to the conventional GsA(neglects all epistemic uncertainties)and Bayesian coupled GsA(B-GsA)(neglects model uncertainty)due to its capability to incorporate the uncertainties in both model type and parameters of *** Borgonovo’s indices estimated via proposed methodology provide the confidence intervals of the sensitivity indices instead of their fixed-point estimates,which makes the user more informed in the data collection *** performed with the varying sample sizes suggested that the uncertainties in sensitivity indices reduce significantly with the increasing sample *** accurate importance ranking of properties was only possible via samples of large ***,the impact of the prior knowledge in terms of prior ranges and distributions was significant;hence,any related assumption should be made carefully.

关键词： Bayesian inference Multi-model inference statistical uncertainty Global sensitivity analysis(GsA) Borgonovo’s indices Limited data

Piezoelectric material selection for transducers under fuzzy environment

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2013年第2期2卷 141-148页

作者： gaurav VATs Rahul VAIsH school of Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MandiHimachal Pradesh 175001India

Piezoelectric ceramics are extensively investigated materials for transducer *** selection of optimal piezoelectric material for this particular application is a tedious *** depends upon various physical properties,including piezoelectric charge coefficient(d33),electromechanical coupling factor(K_(p)),dielectric constant(ε_(r)),and dielectric loss(tanδ).The classical multiple attribute decision making(MADM)can be used for decision making if these properties are known ***,these properties cannot be expressed by exact numerical values,since they are dependent upon the microstructure and fabrication ***-based MADM approaches can be helpful in such *** this paper,we have determined the ranks and rank indices(for degree of closeness)of important piezoelectric materials using fuzzy VlseKriterijumska Optimisacija I Kompromisno Resenje(VIKOR)***(8/65/35)((Pb_(1-x)La_(x))(Zr_(y)Ti_(1-y))O_(3))and KNN-LT-Ls((K_(0.44)Na_(0.52)Li_(0.04))-(Nb0_(.84)Ta_(0.10)sb_(0.06))O_(3))consecutively are found to be the top-rank piezoelectric *** indicates that KNN-LT-Ls can be used on behalf of lead-based piezo-ceramics.

关键词： piezoceramics selection MADM fuzzy approach transducer application

BORON:an ultra-lightweight and low power encryption design for pervasive computing

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2017年第3期18卷 317-331页

作者： gaurav BANsOD Narayan PIsHAROTY Abhijit PATIL Pune Institute of Computer Technology Pune 411043India Glocal University Saharanpur 247121India symbiosis Institute of Technology Pune 412115India

We propose an ultra-lightweight, compact, and low power block cipher BORON. BORON is a substitution and permutation based network, which operates on a 64-bit plain text and supports a key length of 128/80 bits. BORON has a compact structure which requires 1939 gate equivalents(GEs) for a 128-bit key and 1626 GEs for an 80-bit key. The BORON cipher includes shift operators, round permutation layers, and XOR operations. Its unique design helps generate a large number of active s-boxes in fewer rounds, which thwarts the linear and differential attacks on the cipher. BORON shows good performance on both hardware and software platforms. BORON consumes less power as compared to the lightweight cipher LED and it has a higher throughput as compared to other existing sP network ciphers. We also present the security analysis of BORON and its performance as an ultra-lightweight compact cipher. BORON is a well-suited cipher design for applications where both a small footprint area and low power dissipation play a crucial role.

关键词： Lightweight cryptography sP network Block cipher Internet of Things(Io T) Encryption Embedded security

Investigation on the effect of oxalic acid, succinic acid and aspartic acid on the gas hydrate formation kinetics

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第9期27卷 2148-2156页

作者： sheshan Bhimrao Meshram Omkar s.Kushwaha Palle Ravinder Reddy gaurav Bhattacharjee Rajnish Kumar Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology

Gas hydrate reserves are potential source of clean energy having low molecular weight hydrocarbons trapped in water *** this work,we report how organic compounds of different chain lengths and hydrophilicities when used in small concentration may modify hydrate growth and either act as hydrate inhibitors or *** promoters foster the hydrate growth kinetics and are used in novel applications such as methane storage as solidified natural gas,desalination of sea water and gas *** the other hand,gas hydrate inhibitors are used in oil and gas pipelines to alter the rate at which gas hydrate nucleates and *** such as methanol and ethanol which form strong hydrogen bond with water have been traditionally used as hydrate ***,due to relatively high volatility a significant portion of these inhibitors ends up in gas stream and brings further complexity to the safe transportation of natural *** this study,organic additives such as oxalic acid,succinic acid and L-aspartic acid(all three)having––COOH group(s)with aspartic acid having an additional––NH2 group,are investigated for gas hydrate promotion/inhibition *** compounds are polar in nature and thus have significant solubility in liquid water;the presence of weak acidic and water loving(carboxylic/amine groups)moieties makes these organic acids an excellent candidate for further *** study would pave ways to identify a novel(read better)promoter/inhibitor for gas hydrate *** thermodynamic conditions were generated in a stirred tank reactor coupled with cooling system;comparison of gas hydrate formation kinetics with and without additives were carried out to identify the effect of these acids on the formation and growth of *** possible mechanisms by which these additives inhibit or promote the hydrate growth are also discussed.

关键词： Flow assurance Gas hydrates kinetics Hydrate promoters Hydrate inhibitors Inhibition mechanism Gas uptake measurement Induction time