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Modelling vehicular interactions for heterogeneous traffic flow using cellular automata with position preference

Journal of Modern Transportation 2017年第3期25卷 163-177页

作者： gaurav pandey K.Ramachandra Rao Dinesh Mohan Department of Civil Engineering and Transportation Research and Injury Prevention Programme Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Shiv Nadar University

This paper proposes and validates a modified cellular automata model for determining interaction rate （i.e. number of car-following/overtaking instances） using traffic flow data measured in the field. The proposed model considers lateral position preference by each vehicle type and introduces a position preference parameter fl in the model which facilitates gradual drifting towards preferred position on road, even if the gap in front is sufficient. Additionally, the model also improves upon the conven- tional model by calculating safe front and back gap dynamically based on speed and deceleration properties of leader and follower vehicles. Sensitivity analysis was carried out to determine the effect of β on vehicular interac- tions and the model was calibrated and validated using interaction rates observed in the field. Paired tests were conducted to determine the determining interaction rates validity of the model in Results of the simulations show that there is a parabolic relationship between area occupancy and interaction rate of different vehicle types. The model performed satisfactorily as the simulated interaction rate between different vehicle types were found to be statistically similar to those observed in field. Also, as expected, the interaction rate between light motor vehicles （LMVs） and heavy motor vehicles （HMVs） were found to be higher than that between LMVs and three wheelers because LMVs and HMVs share the same lane. This could not be done using conventional CA models as lateral movement rules were dictated by only speeds and gaps. So, in conventional models, the vehicles would end up in positions which are not realistic. The position preference parameter introduced in this model motivates vehicles to stay in their preferred positions. This study demonstrates the use of interaction rate as a measure to validate micro- scopic traffic flow models.

关键词： Cellular automata Vehicular interaction ratePosition preference Traffic flow modelling Video-graphic survey

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Novel CMS lines in pigeonpea[Cajanus cajan(L.)Millspaugh]derived from cytoplasmic substitutions,and their effective restoration and deployment in hybrid breeding

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The Crop Journal 2017年第1期5卷 89-94页

作者： Abhishek Bohra Rintu Jha Indra Prakash Singh gaurav pandey Shalini Pareek Partha Sarathi Basu Sushil Kumar Chaturvedi Narendra Pratap Singh ICAR Indian Institute of Pulses Research(IIPR)Kanpur 208024India

The availability of stable cytoplasmic male sterile(CMS or A) lines coupled with a robust restoration system(R lines) is an essential prerequisite for efficient hybrid ***-enabled hybrid technology holds immense potential to enhance the long-stagnant productivity of pigeonpea. In the present investigation, cytoplasmic substitutions were made in the nuclear backgrounds of early-maturing pigeonpea varieties or lines. Three new CMS lines(ICPL 88039 A, Pusa 992 A, and DPP 3-2A) resulted from genetic crosses involving cytoplasmic donors from A2(GT 288A) and A4(ICPA 2089) categories. In addition to visual inspection of anthers, pollen-staining techniques and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)analysis were used to confirm pollen sterility. Further, given the relevance of the plant mitochondrial genome to CMS manifestation, 25 mitochondrion-specific DNA markers were assayed on these newly developed A lines and isogenic maintainer(B) lines. DNA polymorphism between Pusa 992 A and Pusa 992 B as revealed by the nad7a_del marker confirmed the successful combination of sterilizing cytoplasm(A4) and nonrestoring nuclear background(Pusa 992). Such cytoplasm-specific DNA markers are required for A2-CMS as well. Further, to assess restoration ability, potential restorers were crossed with these CMS lines, and as a consequence, promising A × R combinations exhibiting 100%pollen fertility could be identified. In parallel, we also analyzed the inheritance patterns underlying fertility restoration using ICPL 88039A-derived F2 and BC1F1populations,and established a monogenic dominant model to explain the phenomenon of A2-CMS restoration. In summary, we report the successful development of new CMS lines and describe their effective deployment in hybrid breeding of pigeonpea.

关键词： Cytoplasm Hybrid Mitochondria Pigeonpea Restorer Sterility

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Soil quality assessment across different stands in tropical moist deciduous forests of Nagaland,India

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第4期30卷 1479-1485页

作者： gaurav Mishra Rossana Marzaioli Krishna Giri Shailesh pandey Rain Forest Research Institute JorhatAssamIndia Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and TechnologiesSecond University of NaplesCasertaItaly Forest Research Institute DehradunUttarakhandIndia

To analyze the relationship between the management of three forest stand plantations and soil quality in the Dimapur district of the Northeastern Himalayan region,India,three forest soil profiles,covered by different species stands,at three depths were tested for 13 physical and chemical *** four of these variables(electric conductivity,bulk density exchangeable Mg and available P)were included in a minimum data set,after using a varimax rotation algorithm in a principal component analysis,and subsequently used to calculate a soil quality index(SQI).Results showed higher SQIs in the surface layers(0–20 cm depth)than in the deeper *** weighed SQI varied significantly(P<0.05)through the three considered forest sites,with the lowest value at site *** findings reveal that the approach used here is suitable for preliminary screening of the impact of a forestry species on soil,to aid in species selection and improve soil health for afforestation and reforestation projects.

关键词： Forest stand Nagaland Soil quality indicators Soil quality index

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Fabrication of AA7005/TiB2-B4C surface composite by friction stir processing: Evaluation of ballistic behaviour

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2019年第3期15卷 363-368页

作者： Nitinkumar Pol gaurav Verma R.P.pandey T.Shanmugasundaram Research and Development Establishment (Engineers) Pune India Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engg. Defence Institute of Advanced Technology Pune India Armament Research and Development Establishment Pune India

The present work aims to enhance the ballistic resistance of AA7005 alloy by incorporating the TiB2 and B4C ceramic reinforcement particles. Surface composites with different weight fractions of TiB2 and B4C particles were processed by friction stir processing. Micro-hardness and depth of penetration tests were carried out to evaluate the ballistic properties of the surface composites. The surface hardness of the composite was found to be nearly 70 HV higher than base alloy. The depth of penetration of the steel projectile was 20e26mm in the composites as compared to 37mm in the base alloy. Ballistic mass efficiency factor of the surface composite was found to be 1.6 times higher than base alloy. This is mainly attributed to the dispersion strengthening from the reinforcement particles.

关键词： Aluminum alloys Metal matrix composite Ballistic testing Friction stir processing

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Photoluminescence behavior and visible light photocatalytic activity of ZnO,ZnO/ZnS and ZnO/ZnS/α-Fe_2O_3 nanocomposites

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2018年第7期28卷 1387-1397页

作者： gaurav HITKARI Sandhya SINGH Gajanan pandey Sophisticated Instrumentation Laboratory Department of Applied Chemistry School for Physical Science Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University

In order to achieve effective, economic, and easily achievable photocatalyst for the degradation of dye methyl orange（MeO）, ZnO, ZnO/ZnS and ZnO/ZnS/α-Fe2O3 nanocomposites were prepared by simple chemical synthetic route in the aqueous medium. Phase, crystallinity, surface structure and surface behavior of the synthesized materials were determined by X-ray diffraction（XRD） and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis（BET） techniques. XRD study established formation of good crystalline ZnO, ZnO/ZnS and ZnO/ZnS/α-Fe2O3 nanomaterials. By using intensity of constituent peaks in the XRD pattern, the compositions of nanocomposites were determined. From the BET analysis, the prepared materials show mesoporous behavior, type Ⅳ curves along with H4 hysteresis. The ZnO/ZnS/α-Fe2O3 composite shows the largest surface area among three materials. From the UV-visible spectra, the band gap energy of the materials was determined. Photoluminescence spectra（PL） were used to determine the emission behavior and surface defects in the materials. In PL spectra, the intensity of UV peak of ZnO/ZnS is lowered than that of ZnO while in case of ZnO/ZnS/α-Fe2O3, the intensity further decreased. The visible emission spectra of ZnO/ZnS increased compared with ZnO while in ZnO/ZnS/α-Fe2O3 it is further increased compared with ZnO/ZnS. The as-synthesized materials were used as photocatalysts for the degradation of dye MeO. The photo-degradation data revealed that the ZnO/ZnS/α-Fe2O3 is the best photocatalyst among three specimens for the degradation of dye MeO. The decrease of intensity of UV emission peak and the increase of intensity of visible emission cause the decrease of recombination of electrons and holes which are ultimately responsible for the highest photocatalytic activity of ZnO/ZnS/α-Fe2O3.

关键词： nanocomposite ZnO ZnS α-Fe2O3 calcination optical properties photocatalytic activity

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Optimizing Biodiesel Production from Karanja and Algae Oil with Nano Catalyst:RSMand ANN Approach

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Energy Engineering 2024年第9期121卷 2363-2388页

作者： Sujeet Kesharvani Sakhi Katre Suyasha pandey gaurav Dwivedi Tikendra Nath Verma Prashant Baredar Energy Centre Maulana Azad National Institute of TechnologyBhopal462003India Department of Mechanical Engineering Maulana Azad National Institute of TechnologyBhopal462003India

This study delves into biodiesel synthesis from non-edible oils and algae oil sources using Response Surface Methodology(RSM)and an Artificial Neural Network(ANN)model to optimize biodiesel *** of *** and Karanja oils is utilized,aiming to reduce free fatty acid content to 1%through single-step *** reveals peak biodiesel yield conditions:1%catalyst quantity,91.47 min reaction time,56.86℃reaction temperature,and 8.46:1 methanol to oil molar *** ANN model outperforms RSM in yield prediction *** impact assessment yields an E-factor of 0.0251 at maximum yield,indicating responsible production with minimal *** analysis reveals significant cost savings:30%-50%reduction in raw material costs by using non-edible oils,10%-15%increase in production efficiency,20%reduction in catalyst costs,and 15%-20%savings in energy *** optimized process reduces waste disposal costs by 10%-15%,enhancing overall economic ***,the widespread adoption of biodiesel offers economic,environmental,and social benefits to a diverse range of stakeholders,including farmers,producers,consumers,governments,environmental organizations,and the transportation *** among these stakeholders is essential for realizing the full potential of biodiesel as a sustainable energy solution.

关键词： Non-edible oil algae RSM ANN optimization environmental factor

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Utility of trans-vaginal ultrasound in diagnosis and follow-up of non-pregnant sexually active females with lower ureteric calculi

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Asian Journal of Urology 2020年第1期7卷 45-50页

作者： Siddharth pandey Tanica pandey Apul Goel Ajay Aggarwal Deepanshu Sharma Tushar pandey Satya sankhwar gaurav Garg Department of Urology King George’s Medical UniversityLucknowIndia Department of Radiology Raghav Pathlabs and ImagingHaldwaniIndia Department of Pathology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarhIndia

objective:To assess the utility of trans-vaginal ultrasonography in evaluation of non-pregnant sexually active female patients with lower ureteric ***:A prospective study was done from January 2015 to December 2017 including non-pregnant sexually active females with suspected ureteric ***-abdominal ultrasound was initially done in all *** those patients in whom trans-abdominal ultrasound was inconclusive or there was indirect evidence of lower ureteric calculus in form of ureteral dila-tion but no calculus was evident,trans-vaginal ultrasound was *** patients with ureteric calculi detected on trans-vaginal ultrasound and kept on conservative management were also followed up with trans-vaginal ***-contrast computed tomography was done in patients with inconclusive trans-vaginal ***:As per the study protocol,156 out of the total 468 patients evaluated by trans-abdominal ultrasound were eligible for trans-vaginal ***-vaginal ultrasound was done in 149 patients,as seven patients did not give ***-nine patients were detected with a lower ureteric calculus on trans-vaginal ultrasound and 27 patients had gyne-cologic or other cause for their ***-three patients had an inconclusive trans-vaginal ultrasound of which 36 underwent non-contrast computed tomography,among them only one patient had a lower ureteric *** free status could be easily demonstrated on follow-up trans-vaginal ultrasound.

关键词： Trans-abdominal ultrasound Trans-vaginal ultrasound Lower ureteric calculus Ureteric colic Ureter

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Assessment of long-term climate variability and its impact on the decadal growth of horticultural crops in central India

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Ecological Processes 2022年第1期11卷 862-889页

作者： gaurav Sharma Amita Sharma Nishant Kumar Sinha Om Prakash Sharma Ashutosh Singh Ajai Kumar pandey Abhishek Kumar Sudhir Kumar Trivedi Bharti Sao Mukesh Kumar Sahu College of Horticulture and Forestry Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural UniversityJhansiUttar Pradesh 284003India Department of Environmental Science Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi VishwavidyalayaGwaliorMadhya Pradesh 474002India Division of Soil Physics Indian Institute of Soil ScienceBhopalMadhya Pradesh 462038India Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture Indira Gandhi Krishi VishwavidyalayaRaipurChhattisgarh 492012India

Background:The impact of climate change on horticultural production is of utmost concern *** such vulnerable region of horticultural importance is the Madhya Pradesh state in the central part of *** is crucial to analyse the long-term trend in climatic variations and its effect on horticultural crop ***,this study focuses on detecting trends in mean annual precipitation and temperature of 115 years for the 15 districts covering all the regions of the state as well as projections of all the Representative Concentration Pathway(RCP)climatic scenarios for 2050 and 2080 of Madhya Pradesh *** decadal(2010–2020)insight into the area and production of horticultural crops is undertaken which will help forecasting the future growth *** a better insight,case study on four horticultural crops is undertaken to assess their decadal growth trend vis-à-vis climate parameters in these 15 ***:The Mann–Kendall test for 1901–2016 and Sen’s slope indicated a non-significant change in long-term trend for precipitation except for increasing change in Khargone and decreasing change in Rewa ***-cant increasing trend of average temperature is obtained for Hoshangabad,Jabalpur,Sagar and Rewa *** Sen’s slope indicated an increase of 0.005 to 0.009℃for maximum temperature and 0.005 to 0.012℃for minimum temperature *** projections of all the RCP climate scenarios for the years 2050 and 2080 indicated non-significant variation in precipitation but an increase in maximum(1.4 to 4.1℃)and minimum(1.45 to 4.65℃)annual *** increasing trend in area and production for horticultural crops is also observed in central India for the study *** is yield increase in all the crops selected in case study except for potato,which recorded a decreased yield between the years 2010–***:The Mann–Kendall test and projections indicate towards climate change with a temperature *** the decad

关键词： Climate change Horticulture Madhya Pradesh Precipitation Temperature Trend analysis

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Targeted therapy of gastrointestinal stromal tumours

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2016年第5期8卷 345-352页

作者： Ashish Jakhetiya Pankaj Kumar Garg gaurav Prakash Jyoti Sharma Rambha pandey Durgatosh pandey Department of Surgical Oncology Dr BRA Institute Rotary Cancer HospitalAll India Institute of Medical Sciences Department of Surgery University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur HospitalUniversity of Delhi Clinical Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit Department of Internal MedicinePost-Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Department of Radiation Oncology Dr BRA Institute Rotary Cancer HospitalAll India Institute of Medical Sciences

Gastrointestinal stromal tumours(GISTs) are mesen-chymal neoplasms originating in the gastrointestinal tract, usually in the stomach or the small intestine, and rarely elsewhere in the abdomen. The malignant potential of GISTs is variable ranging from small lesions with a benign behaviour to fatal sarcomas. The majo-rity of the tumours stain positively for the CD-117(KIT) and discovered on GIST-1(DOG-1 or anoctamin 1) expression, and they are characterized by the presence of a driver kinase-activating mutation in either KIT or platelet-derived growth factor receptor α. Although surgery is the primary modality of treatment, almost half of the patients have disease recurrence following surgery, which highlights the need for an effective adjuvant therapy. Traditionally, GISTs are considered chemotherapy and radiotherapy resistant. With the advent of targeted therapy(tyrosine kinase inhibitors), there has been a paradigm shift in the management of GISTs in the last decade. We present a comprehensive review of targeted therapy in the management of GISTs.

关键词： Gastrointestinal tumors Molecular targeted therapy Protein kinase inhibitors Imatinib Survival

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Role of positron emission tomography-computed tomography in non-small cell lung cancer

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World Journal of Methodology 2016年第1期6卷 105-111页

作者： Pankaj Kumar Garg Saurabh Kumar Singh gaurav Prakash Ashish Jakhetiya Durgatosh pandey Department of Surgery University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur HospitalUniversity of Delhi Department of Surgical Oncology Dr BRA Institute Rotary Cancer HospitalAll India Institute of Medical Sciences Department of Pulmonary Medicine Gajra Raja Medical College and Jaya Arogya Group of Hospitals Clinical Hematology and Bone Marrow Trans- plant unit Department of Internal MedicinePost-Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Non-small cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma are the main histological subtypes and constitutes around 85% and 15% of all lung cancer respectively. Multimodality treatment plays a key role in the successful management of lung cancer depending upon the histological subtype, stage of disease, and performance status. Imaging modalities play an important role in the diagnosis and accurate staging of the disease, in assessing the response to neoadjuvant therapy, and in the follow-up of the patients. Last decade has witnessed voluminous upsurge in the use of positron emission tomography-computed tomography(PET-CT); role of PET-CT has widened exponentially in the management of lung cancer. The present article reviews the role of 18-fluoro-deoxyglucose PET-CT in the management of non small cell lung cancer with emphasis on staging of the disease and the assessment of response to neoadjuvant therapy based on available literature.

关键词： Positron emission tomography Diagnostic imaging Neoplasm staging Carcinoma Non-small-cell lung cancer Lung neoplasms

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